Cognitive Disorders For Mod#3, Nursing Program

Front 1

Cognitive Disorders are what axis?

Back 1

Axis I

Front 2

This has a rapid onset, clouding of conciousness.
older adults are at a higher risk.
Also is ICU psychosis.

Back 2

Delirium

Front 3

Is usually outside the CNS.
Infections, f/e imbalances, chronic medical illness, can be cause by medications (anticholinergics), and withdrawal from ETOH, barbituates, and benzo's?

Back 3

Delirium

Front 4

Disturbance of consciousness; altered cognition - disorganized, confused; rambling speech; hallucinations and "picking"; agitation, even combative; labile mood, irrtability; and impaired short term memory.

Back 4

Signs and Symptoms of Delirium

Front 5

Identify cause, safety, provide support (not confrontation), assess for pain, keep a consistent routine, avoid frequent orientation questions.

Back 5

Tx of Delirium

Front 6

Impaired memory and cognition; short term memory and confabulation; usually from inside the CNS; alcohol and drugs; genetics; trauma; toxins.

Back 6

Dementia

Front 7

Aphasia, Agnosia, Apraxia, Amnesia, loss of executive functioning, and sundowning.

Back 7

Dementia

Front 8

Poor reasoning ability, sundowning, irritable, suspicious, hallucinations, delusions, poor hygiene, and disregard for rules of social conduct.

Back 8

Dementia

Front 9

An inability to recognize or identify familiar objects (e.g. the parts of a telephone).

Back 9

Agnosia

Front 10

Having conflicting feelings about something.

Back 10

Ambivalence

Front 11

Difficulty with finding the appropriate words in conversation.

Back 11

Aphasia

Front 12

An inability to perform motor tasks despite intact motor function.

Back 12

Apraxia

Front 13

A characteristic feature of dementia by which most behavior changes are more pronounced in the evenings after sunset.

Back 13

Sundowning

Front 14

Affects 4.5 million, more common in women, 10% are FAD and below age 65, higher incidence with Down syndrome, free radicals, Hx of head injury, virus, environmental factors (like aluminum)

Back 14

Alzheimers Disease (AD)

Front 15

Has deficit of acetylcholine (ACh), has course of illness of 8-10 years, always fatal form immobility, dehydration, malnutrition, and infection.

Back 15

AD

Front 16

Use meds to prevent destruction of ACh by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase.

Back 16

donepezil (Aricept), tacrine (Cognex), revastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne, formerly available as Reminyl), used in AD.

Front 17

Second most common; hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, AF, diabetes, high cholesterol; multiple brain infarcts or small strokes; neurological deficits; more abrupt onset than AD; stepwise decline.

Back 17

Vascular Dementia

Front 18

Lewy Body Disease; Pick's Disease; Parkinson's Disease; Huntington's Disease; HIV - 75% occurence; Wernicke-Korsakoff; Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease - variant of "Mad Cow" Disease also from instruments and tissue.

Back 18

Other Dementias

Front 19

Physical care; safety; support and education; Managing Behavior - wandering, calm quiet environment, communication techniques; MMSE: year, date, city, globe, repeat statement, write a sentence.

Back 19

Tx of AD and Dementia.

Front 20

Haldol, Seroquel and Risperidone, Ativan; Cognitive enhancers (cholinesterase inhibitors): Reminyl, Exelon, Namenda.

Back 20

Meds for AD and Dementia.

Front 21

Typical / Traditional antipsychotics

chlorpromazine

Back 21

Typical / Traditional antipsychotics

Thorazine

Front 22

Rapid onset, clouded consciousness?

Back 22

Delirium

Front 23

Caused by things outside the CNS or brain, COPD, CHF, kidney infections, pneumonia, meds?

Back 23

Delirium

Front 24

First thing you should look for in delirium patients?

Back 24

What meds are they taking, script or OTC.

Front 25

Which cognitive problem is picking associated with?

Back 25

Delirium

Front 26

What makes delirium much worse for the patient?

Back 26

Pain

Front 27

Anticholinergic delirium is?

Back 27

Drug induced; they are as red as a beat, dry as a stone, and mad as a hatter.

Front 28

What is the most common dementia?

Back 28

AD

Front 29

Loss of words?

Back 29

Aphasia

Front 30

Loss of recognition of objects or body parts?

Back 30

Agnosia

Front 31

Loss of the ability to practice certain skills?

Back 31

Apraxia

Front 32

Ability to sequence?

Back 32

Executive functioning.

Front 33

FAD strikes below what age?

Back 33

65

Front 34

Studies of viruses, such as leukopenia, are being studied in regards to what?

Back 34

Their role in AD.

Front 35

AD patients have a deficit of what?

Back 35

ACh

Front 36

Meds used in AD prevent what?

Back 36

They prevent the destruction of ACh by inhibiting the enzyme acytelcholinesterase.

Front 37

What is a normal behavior that should be allowed for in AD?

Back 37

Wandering

Front 38

Depression in AD patients is treated with what two drugs?

Back 38

Ativan and Serax.

Front 39

Delusions, combativeness, and agitation are treated with what?

Back 39

Haldol

Front 40

Halucinations and delusions in AD are commonly treated with what two medications?

Back 40

Seroquel and Resperidol.

Front 41

Cognitive enhancers used in the treatment of AD to delay progression are?

Back 41

Reminyl, Exelon. Cholinesterase inhibitors.

Front 42

What is Namenda, a cognitive enhancers action?

Back 42

Blocks the entry of calcium into nerve cells and thus slows down brain cell death.