Cognates Exam 1

Front 1

For the word brachydactyly we could most reasonably find this word referred to ____, and for brochiocephalicus____ and brachiocrytosis for _________

Back 1

1- abnormally short fingers or toes
2- a term describing a muscle connecting the arm and skull
3- a crooked upper limb

Front 2

consdering the two cognates found in brachycephalic the term woudl most logically go with

Back 2

Dog like boston terrier

Front 3

This class deals with recognizing and utilizing cognates and these cognates may appear as

Back 3

prefixes, suffixes, infixes, roots, combining forms

Front 4

The letter "a" could be considered a (an)

Back 4

prefix (areflexia)
morpheme (a as in this question)
phoneme (a of bat vs the e of bet)
Examples of transliteration in Grk to English alpha to a

Front 5

If a muscle can only actively contract, and this produces shortening of the muscle, then to get abduction or adduction of a limb we would anticipate that

Back 5

We will find adductor muscles largely on the MEDIAL side of the limb and we will find abductor muscles largely on the LATERAL side of the limb

Front 6

If digoxin tends to increase the force of cntrxt of the heart and slows the heart rate, this is considered-

Back 6

A positive inotropic effect (increase in muscle contraction) can produce a bradycardia
and w/ coranary artery disease why would you NOT want to increase cntrxt- it would require more O2 to the area and more blood vessels there

Front 7

In a mammal including humans an omphalomesentric fistula is an abnormal passageway b/w the umbilicus and the terminal ileum formed by the persistence of the intraembryonic part of the

Back 7

yolk stalk

Front 8

3 basic connxt tissue coverings associated with nerves (and also muscles). The outer most layer on the basis of location relative to a nerve would most likely be called ____, the layer that completely surrounds a fascicle of nerve fibers would most likely be called the _____, and the thinnest layer that surrounds individual axons would most likely be called the _____

Back 8

1- epineurium
2-perineurium
3- endoneurium

Front 9

In English do the terms ilium and ileum refer to the same structure?

Back 9

No

Front 10

Ilium refers to the _____and ileum refers to the______

Back 10

1- the bone forming the a portion of the os coxae
2- the third segment of the small intestine

Front 11

Can both ilium and ileum in their etymology both refer to the flank or groin?

Back 11

yes

Front 12

which term can refer to Latin from G (eileb) meaning to roll up, twist

Back 12

ileum

Front 13

If a surgical procedure is performed in which a foreign body is removed from the stomach after an incision via the parietal surface of the stomach followed by suturing back together this incision this operation would most correctly be referred to as a/an

Back 13

gastrotomy

Front 14

If an incision is made in the parietal surface of the stomach this surface would most likely be the surface normally facing the

Back 14

Liver (not intestinal mass)

Front 15

If an incision is made in the parietal surface of the stomach, the incision would most likelly go through the serous membrane called the

Back 15

visceral peritoneum

Front 16

A patient experiencing allodynia would on the basis of the -dynia be assumed to be experiencing

Back 16

pain (allo= different atypical)

Front 17

so a patient experiencing allodynia might be expected to be showing pain caused by stimuli _____than usually painful stimuli

Back 17

other than

Front 18

If 2 different pathological protuberances on the skin are described, and one of them is called a nodule, the one which you would expect to be the larger protuberance would be the

Back 18

Node

Front 19

T/F: Considering the common term bifurcation as in a bifurcating road, the cognate forming the infix in bifurcation makes sense in terms of the word furca and its diminutive form furcula

Back 19

True

Front 20

A loop formed by branches of cervical nerves that communicate with the hypoglossal nerve might reasonably be called and is called the _____

Back 20

ansa cervicalis

Front 21

If the pink footed goose goes by the sci name of anser brachyrhynchus and the mallard duck goes by the name anas platyrhynchus- the one with the flattest bill is

Back 21

The duck

Front 22

There is a major artery, a major vein, and important lymph node and a muscle, all of which take their names from the term popliteal. If all of these are located in the caudal position they should all be found in general behind the

Back 22

stifle

Front 23

A common synovial structure with Grk origins meaning a "wine sac" would be a

Back 23

Bursa

Front 24

A term of Grk origin you learned as you prepared for bones test which means back of the head is ______ and the Latin origin word that means the same is_____

Back 24

inion and occiput (occipital)

Front 25

A term of Grk origin you learned studying for the bones test which means front of the head is _____ and the latin origin word that means the same is ____

Back 25

bregma, frontalis

Front 26

In the English word muscle, the term refers to this creature being under the skin and causing a rippling. Give common and scientific name

Back 26

mus musculus (house mouse)

Front 27

Considering the muscles, on would most logically deduce that a muscle with the prefix omo would probably be found near the ____joint

Back 27

Shoulder

Front 28

One would most logically deduce that a muscle with the name anconeus would probably be found near the ____joint

Back 28

Elbow

Front 29

Considering the muscles you have been studying, one would most logically deduce that a muscle with the name popliteus would probably be found near the ____joint

Back 29

stifle

Front 30

Considering the term peritoneal---
Peroneal---
Perineal---

Back 30

1- To stretch around
2- the fibula
3-the area b/w anus and scrotum/vulva

Front 31

Between the options peritoneal, peroneal, perineal in which would hte modifiers visceral and parietal be associated with ? and why are these terms applied?

Back 31

peritoneal

Front 32

The median ridge on the breastbone of birds that fly will be called by the common name _____ and the sci name_____

Back 32

keel and carina

Front 33

The term parietal used as an adjective with a large number of nouns and consistenly always refers to the portion of the noun associated with some___

Back 33

wall

Front 34

T/F : The main blood vessels feeding the myocardium are called the coronary arteries b/c they are on the heart

Back 34

False ( they are called coronary arteries b/c they circle the heart as would a crown and thus named in same way as coronation)

Front 35

All the following words are used to describe the muscles inside the heart (except chorda) name 3 that are

Back 35

Trabeculae, papillary, pectinate

Front 36

Considering the following 4 words the one that refers to fibular (eg nerve ) is - perineal, peroneal, peritoneal, or peritoneum

Back 36

peroneal

Front 37

In a dog with an enlarged prostate, which is blocking normal urine flow, a specialist particularly concerned with this condition of blocked urine flow would probably be a/an NOT a/an

Back 37

urologist not a nephrologist

Front 38

considering the term trabeculae carneae assoicated with the interior of the heart ventricles, if you ordered a spanish dish served con carne, you would expect it to contain

Back 38

Meat

Front 39

Th diminutive form of the term cerebrum is ______but they are differnt organs

Back 39

cerebellum

Front 40

The tectum of the brain forms the "roof" of the mesencephalic aqueduct, while the rostral and caudal medullary vela (velum sing) form the roof of the 4th ventricle. However as indicated by the name the thinnest roof is/are the _____

Back 40

vela (velum)

Front 41

If studying structures of the brain, if a structure contained this word in its name it would be expected to contain nerve fibers crossing the midline, although all could potentially have nerve fibers that ultimately cross

Back 41

commissure

Front 42

The term referring to a small knee (bend in a structure) would be

Back 42

geniculate

Front 43

Orchitis refers to inflammation of the ____

Back 43

testicle

Front 44

Gonitis refers to inflammation of the

Back 44

knee (stifle)

Front 45

Gynecomastia may be seen in male dogs with a _____tumor of the testicle, at least partially because its elaborating this hormone _____

Back 45

Sertoli cell, estrogen

Front 46

The term contusion is essentially a synonym for

Back 46

bruise

Front 47

The combining form myel(o) comes from the Grk meaning marrow in a broad sense thus it can be used when describing things fround encased in bone such as the ______, caudal most end of the brain stem called the ____ in the developing animal and even the fatty covering on nerves called the _____

Back 47

a-bone marrow, b- myelencephalon, c- myelin sheath

Front 48

If a dog is hit by a car and has suffered a road rash, if examined you would most likely find a____

Back 48

Abrasions of the skin

Front 49

After having given barium to a dog and radiographed its abdomen you discover a "telescoped" piece of gut, and so you can open the abdomen and locate the _____ and because this section of the gut is showing signs of ischemia youremove that portion and perform and end to en_______ to restore intest fx

Back 49

intussusception, anastomosis

Front 50

The term anasarca (Gr. through and flesh) can be herediatary or acquired condition in which we would find incresed amounts of ____w/in the tissue

Back 50

fluid (lymph of extravasted fluid)

Front 51

Taking a displace segment of the colon to the abdominal wall could be referred to as performing a ________

Back 51

colopexy

Front 52

A similar procedure to a colopexy in cows with a left displaced abomasum would logically be called an

Back 52

abomasopexy

Front 53

There can be many reasons for reduced cerebral blood flow causing a temporary loss of consciousness, resulting in fainting is referred to as

Back 53

syncope

Front 54

If the reson for reduced cerebral blood flow was standing up too rapidly then probably the best term for this would be ____

Back 54

postural syncope or orthostatic hypotension

Front 55

Postural syncope then implies a slowness of the _________ to respond to changes in hemodynamics secondary to rapidly standing up

Back 55

Autonomic Nervous system especially sympathetic

Front 56

Tussive syncope would be syncope secondary to a paroxysm of

Back 56

coughing (chest pressure compressing)

Front 57

Indicate which neoplasms would be sarcomas and which woudl be carcinomas: 1.Neoplasm of striated skeletal muscle origin
2. A neoplasm of smooth musle origin
3. Neoplasm of hte parenchymal cells of the mammary glands
4. A neoplasm of the stromal cells of the mammary glands

Back 57

1 and 2- sarcoma
3- carcinoma (epithelial)
4- sarcoma

Front 58

Alopecia can refer to

Back 58

loss of hair, Grk for albpekia (a disease resemebling fox mange)
atrichia
baldness
calvities

Front 59

T/F: Many of the genus names of infectious organisms or the diseases they cause are named after individuals who worked with them or discovered the organism or sometimes a geographical location where first reported

Back 59

True

Front 60

The term virus is ___ for ____

Back 60

Latin for poison

Front 61

The lyssa of the tongue and the virus which actually does cause rabies are physically both ___shaped and the Grk origin lyssa and the Latin origin rabies both mean

Back 61

Rod (Rhabdoviridae family)
Mad or Rage

Front 62

What does the combining form "poli(o)-" mean

Back 62

gray

Front 63

Considering the poliomyelitis why is this name appropriate for this disease

Back 63

enterovirus (esp likes to destroy lower motor neurons whose cell bodies in gray matter of spinal cord)

Front 64

Although not the same virus, there is a nurine poliovirus which you would assume by the term murine would affect ____ or ____

Back 64

mice or rats

Front 65

If major lymphatic duct of the body is ruptured or torn we may see a_______

Back 65

chylothorax

Front 66

The formation of lymph: returned to blood vascular system via ___pressure, ___lined walls, and connected to vascular system to be readily available to ______(vein or artery), that is loacated at what level to heart?

Back 66

Low presure, thin walled (unidirectional, blind ended), vein, same level of heart,

Front 67

Thus insuring that the pressures in the thoracic duct and venous system are about the ____about ____mmHg

Back 67

same pressures of venous system (0 mmHg)

Front 68

If compared to the valved thin walled duct the pressure in the blod vessel was significantly higher this would ____lymph drainage directly

Back 68

prevent