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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Sensation? |
Process where our sense organs gather info about the environment and transmit it to the brain for initial processing |
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What are some of the senses? |
Vision, auditory, touch, smell, taste |
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What do sensory receptors respond to? |
Environmental stimuli |
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What is Transduction? |
Converting physical stimuli into neural impulses |
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What is Perception? |
Selection, organisation & interpretations of sensations Starts as soon as sensory info is received. |
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What are sensations & perception? |
active processes adaptive Facilitate survival and reproduction |
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What is Psychophysics? |
Study of how physical stimuli is translated into psychology experiences. |
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What is a stimulus? |
Any detectable input from environment |
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What are sensory receptors? |
Detect physical energy (lightwaves) Translate physical stimulation into neural signals (Transduction) |
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Each system requires a minimum amount of _________ to ____________. (threshold) |
Each system requires a minimum amount of energy to activate the system. (threshold) |
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What is a Threshold? |
Dividing point between energy levels that are detectable or not detected |
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What is an Absolute Threshold? |
For specific type of sensory input, minimum amount of stimulation required |
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How often is the intensity level detected? |
50% of the time |
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What is Just Noticeable Difference (JND)? |
The smallest difference in the amount of stimulation that a specific sense can detect. |
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What happens to JND as stimulus increases? |
It increases also |
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What is Weber's Law? |
JND size is constant proportion of size of the initial stimulus |
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What is Fechner's Law? |
Logarithmic relation between subjective & objectives stimulus intensity required to produce the JND |
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What is Steven's power law? |
Intensity of stimulus grows arithmetically the actual magnitude grows exponentially |
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What is Sensory adaption? |
When stimulation occurs over time how do we perceive it? (swimming pool cold at first, then get used to it) |
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What is subliminal perception? |
Subliminal = below threshold Presumed ability to perceive a stimulus that is below the threshold for conscious awareness |
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What are some claims involving subliminal perception? |
sexual words, evil messages recorded backwards, promises of weight loss from self help tapes |
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What did Greenwald et al. find after assessing self-esteem before and after listening to tapes for a month |
No improvement |
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What is the signal detection theory? (4 possible outcomes) |
Hits, Misses, False alarms, Correct rejections requires discrimination between signal & noise |
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Say if: Hit rates: A = 95% B= 95% False alarm rates: A = 10% B= 50% Who has better perceptual ability for hits alone and for hits & false alarms together? |
Hits alone = same perceptual ability
Hits & False alarms = A has better |
