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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bones longer then they are wide and found in the limbs; named for their elongated shape but not their size |
Long |
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also referred to as long bones |
tubular |
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roughly cube shaped bones such as carpal bones of the wrist and tarsal bones of the ankle |
short |
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a short bone formed within tendons; cartilaginous in early life and osseous (bony) in the adult. The patella is the largest _______ bone in the body |
sesamoid |
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also referred to as short bones |
cuboidal |
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consist of a layer of spongy bone between two thin layers of compact bone; cross-section is flat, not rounded. these have marrow but lack a bone marrow cavity. skull and ribs are examples |
flat |
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bones in the body not fitting into any category, several found in the face, and vertabrae |
irregular |
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axial skeleton |
skull neck (hyoid and cervical spine) ribs sternum vertebrae sacrum |
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appendicular skeleton |
shoulder girdle pelvic girdle extremities |
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does not involve a break in the skin |
closed fracture |
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projects through the skin with a possibility of infection |
compound fracture |
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more than two separate bone components - segmental fracture, bony fragments |
comminuted fracture |
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breaks shaft of a bone across the longitudinal axis |
transverse fracture |
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only one side of shaft is broken and other is bent; common in children |
greenstick fracture |
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spread along length of bone and produced by twisting stress |
spiral fracture |
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occurs in wrist and affects the distal radius bone |
colles' fracture |
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vertebrae collapse due to trauma tumor or osteoporosis |
compression fracture |
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occurs when matrix is calcifying and chondrocytes are dying; usually seen in children |
epiphyseal fracture |
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striated muscle, attached to the skeleton by tendons; contraction of skeletal muscle is under voluntary control |
skeletal muscle |
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contains interlocking involuntary striated muscle, as well as smooth muscle which allow the electrical impulses to pass quickly across the fibers |
cardiac muscle |
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found in the walls of all the hollow organs of the body movement is generally involuntary |
smooth muscle |
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What type of fracture is an incomplete fracture commonly found in children |
Greenstick fracture |
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What is an example of a long bone |
metacarpals |
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what type of joint is most common in the human body |
synovial |
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3 types of joints |
fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial |
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condition of stiffening of a joint |
ankylosis |
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pain in joint |
arthralgia |
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surgical fixation of a joint |
arthrodesis |
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abnormal curvature of thoracic spine (humpback) |
kyphosis |
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abnormal anterior curvature of spine usually lumber |
lordosis |
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bone forming cell |
osteoblast |
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lower than average bone density can be a precursor to osteoporosis |
osteopenia |
