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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hemostasis |
Sequence of responses stop bleeding when blood vessels are injured-quick/localized/controlled |
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3 Mechanisms Reduce Blood Loss |
Vascular Spasm Platelet plug Coagulation |
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Vascular Spasm |
Smooth muscle contract (BLDV) Cause: Damage to smooth muscle/reflexes caused by Px Maintain for several mins-hrs |
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Platelet Plug Formation |
Clumping of platelets around damage Can stop blood loss completely if hole small enough |
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Blood Clotting |
Occurs in (3) stages Formation prothrombinase Prothrombin➡️ Thrombin Thrombin converts soluble fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin threads |
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Coagulation Cascade |
Starts at factor XII (12) to factor II (2), leading to formation of the fibrin clot |
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Vitamin K dependent |
Factors II, VII, IX, X |
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PTT lab test |
Measures function of INTRINSIC pathway |
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PT laboratory test |
Measures function of EXTRINSIC pathway |
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Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation |
Systemic process with potential for causing thrombosis and hemorrhage (presents as acute/life threatening emergency) |
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Hemophilia A |
Congenital deficiency of coagulation factor VIII (8) |
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Hemophilia B |
Congenital defiency of coagulation factor IX (11) |
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Common causes of DIC |
Sepsis from bacterial/fungal/viral and parasitic organisms |
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Major principle in management of DIC |
Treat underlying cause to eliminate stimulus for ongoing coagulation and thrombosis |
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Signs/Symptoms DIC |
Bruising/Bleeding/Epistaxis/Bleeding from eyes/Heavy vaginal bleeding |
