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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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proper plt fnx involves
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adhesion
release of granules aggregation clot retraction |
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adhesion
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plts undergo shape change
response to collagen exposure dep on vWf binding to GPIb activated by thrombin |
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aggregation
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fibrinogen attaces to IIb/IIIa receptor, forms plt plug
plts release ADp and serotonin |
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clot retraction
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dep on thromboplastin and IIb/IIIa
resotres normal blood flow |
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thin vessel walls cause mucous memb bleeding
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Hemorrhaginc telangiectasia
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abn collagen prod causes hyperelastic skin adn joints
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Ehlers Danlos
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needed for proper collagen synth
can be drug or age induced causes scurvy |
Vit C def
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causes mucous memb bleeding
normal plt count incr BT decr aggr respone to ristocetin |
von Willebrand disease
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giant plts
lack glycoprotein Ib incr BT decr resp to aggr with ristocetin |
Bernard Soulier
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hemorrhagic disorder
lack of IIb/IIIa, aggr def normal aggr with ristocetin |
Glanzmann thrombasthenia
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small plts
decr alpah geanule and dense bodies hemorrhage and recurrent infs |
wiskott Aldrich
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drug that prevents thromboxane A2 synth and aggr
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Aspirin and anti inflamm
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drug that are ADP receptor inhib
inhibs plt aggr |
Plavix
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malig prolif of plts, can be caused by ET, PV, CML
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primary thrombocytosis
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causes plt hypoprlif
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chemo, malig cells in marrow, AA, drugs
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vascular system and plts involved
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primary hemostasis
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involves activation of intrinsic, extrinsic, and common coag factors
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secondary hemostasis
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includes PK, HMWK, XI and XII
prod in liver play role in intrinsic |
contact group
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II, VII, IX, X
prod in liver req Vit k |
prothrombin group
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I, V, VIII, XIII
prod in liver Acitvated protein C and proein S clot stabil |
Fibrinogen group
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importatnt in clot dissolution
plasminogen > plasmin |
fibrinolytic syst
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degrades fibrin clots
activates complement plasminogen precursor |
plasmin
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prod in liver
inhibof coag heparin enhances action |
antithrombin
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vit k dep
inhisb V and VIII to provide neg feedback on cascade |
protein C and S
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assoc with DVTa dn pulmonary embolism
genetic |
Anitthromib def
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mc cause of thrombosis
APCR, |
Factor V leiden
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body dev autoab to plts
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Lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin abs
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mc heredtiary bleeding disorder
defect needed for plt adh to collagen incr meorrhagia in women abn plt aggr with ristocetin incr BT |
vWf disease
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used to treat vWf def
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factor VIII
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x linked
spont bleeding, joints incr APPT |
Hemo A
VIII def |
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treat VIII def
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cryo and VIII
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incr APPT
treat with FFP |
IX def
Christmas disease |
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in Askenazi Jews
asympt until trauma or sugery incr aPPT |
XI def
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can causes incr PT APPT BT and decr plts
due to decr synth |
liver disease
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previous condition triggers systermic clotting and systemic fibrinolysis and bleeding
incr PT APTT TT decr plts, AT, fibrinogen incr FDP |
DIC
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intrinsic pathway
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XII, XI, IX, VIII
PK, HMWK |
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extrinsic
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III
VII |
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common
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X, V, II, XIII
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for intrinsic and common pathway
montiors heparin |
APPT
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APTT range
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23-35
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causes prolonged APTT
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factor def
circulating inhib heparin |
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prolonged APTT souces of error
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tube not fulled all the way
large clot in tube hepain contam hct >55 |
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false short aPTT sources of error
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heme
small clot plasma with plts |
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tests for extrinsic and common pathway
monitors Warfarin |
PT
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PT range
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10-14
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prolonged PT
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factor def
Warfarin therapy |
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prolonged PT sources of error
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tube not filled with blood, large clot in tube, hct >55
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false short PT sources of error
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small clot in tube
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when Pt or APTT is prolonged to diff a factor def from a circulating inhib
shorter time (in ref range) = factor def partial/no corection = circ inhib |
Mixing study
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test for fibrinogen
hepain, FDR, or decr fibrinogen will lower result |
TT
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test for the unstable clot that forms in facotr XIII def
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5.0 M urea clot test
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uses snake venom as reagent to activate fator X
lupus inhibitor + prolonged |
Dilute Russel viper venom test
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uses latex particles with fibrinogen ab
for DIC or primary fibrinogenolysis |
FDP
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measures FDPs
indicated clot has formed with XIII and lysed by plasmin abn in DIC, normal in primary fibinogenolysis |
D Dimer
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inhibits serine proteases (XIIa XIa IXa Xa IIa kallikrein)
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heparin
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oral anticoag
Vit k antagonist |
Warfarin
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fibrinogen range
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250- 400
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