Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Diffuse Infiltrating Astrocytoma
Characteristics? Histology? TX? |
Characteristics:
-most common primary brain tumor -neoplastic astrocytes migrate and infiltrate brain parenchyma -distort and expand underlying brain -Higher grade can cx hemorrhage and necrosis -more common in adults, all age groups affected -divided into three grades Histology: -mild increase in cellularity -mild atypia -no mitotic figures -GFAP TX: Unresectable |
|
|
Low Grade Astrocytoma
Characteristics? Histology? TX? |
Characteristics:
-MRI shows poorly defined, non enhancing, expansion Histology: -no mitotic figures -GFAP TX: Survival 2-10 years |
|
|
Anaplastic Astrocytoma
Characteristics? Histology? TX? |
Characteristics:
Histology: -mitotic figures -diffusely infiltrating -pleomorphic -anaplastic -GFAP TX: 2 year prognosis |
|
|
Glioblastoma Multiforme
Characteristics? Histology? TX? |
Characteristics:
-infiltrating -contrast enhancement -low density center (necrosis) -ring enhancement -butterfly appearance (MRI and grossly) Histology: -mitotic figures -microvascular proliferation -pseudopalisading -glomeruloid bodies -GFAP TX: 8-10 months |
|
|
Pilocytic Astrocytoma
Characteristics? Histology? TX? |
Characteristics:
-commonly occur in cerebellar hemispheres of children -well circumbscribed -homogeneously enhancing nodule with cyst formation Histology -Pilocytic (hair like or elongated) eosinophilic inclusions=Rosenthal fibers -Mitotic figures are rare TX: Complete resection with good prognosis |
|
|
Oligodendroglioma
Characteristics? Histology? TX? |
Characteristics:
-commonly found in cerebral hemispheres of adults -visible on CTs because of calcification Histology: -monotonous cells with round nuclei and clear cytoplasm= Fried egg -fine capillaries in chicken wire distribution -diffusely infiltrating -slower than astrocytomas -molecular marker TX: Marker 1p and 19q have better prognosis and respond to chemo. |
|
|
Ependymoma
Characteristics? Histology? TX? |
Characteristics:
-arise adjacent to ventricles -occlusion of ventricle= hydrocephalus -spread through CSF Histology: -dense fibrillary background with rosettes -perivascular rossettes are tumor nuclei arranged around a capillary ( TX: prognosis variable depending on location |
|
|
Medulloblastoma
Characteristics? Histology? TX? |
Characteristics:
-undifferentiated Histology: -high nuclear/cyto ration -small blue cell tumor -frequent mitoses -rossettes with fibrillary center -found in cerebellum -tumors with undiff. morph. appearance in brain are primitive neuroectodermal tumors -highly malignant -very radiosensitive TX: radiation of neuroaxis with 75% survival five year survival |
|
|
Meningioma
Characteristics? Histology? TX? |
Characteristics:
-differentiating features of meningothelial cells -compress but do not invade -dural attachment -slow Atypical features (mitoses, high cellularity, atypia) with invasion, have a high rate of occurrence -anaplastic meningioma are highly aggressive, sarcoma like Histology: -benign appearing nuclei with indistinct cellular borders -whorl formation and psammoma bodies -well circumbscribed TX: excellent prognosis if removed |
|
|
Metastatic
Characteristics? Histology? TX? |
Characteristics:
-ring enhancing -Lung, breast, skin (melanoma, GI, and kidney are most common sites of origin Histology: -similar to primary |
|
|
Neurofibroma
Characteristics? Histology? TX? |
Characteristics:
-commonly found on skin - -plexiform if growth contains a nerve Histology: -on skin, elevated lesion that consists of schwann and fibroblast cells -neuro included diffusely proliferating scwann and fibroblast cells which are often in association with myxoid matrix -plexiform can give rise to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors TX: can not be removed without sacrificing nerve |
