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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Opioid Analgesics
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Morphine
Fentanyl Codeine Heroin Methadone Meperidine Dextromethorphan |
Mechanism: Acts as an agonist at opiod receptors to modulate synaptic transmission. Open K+ channels, close Ca2+ channels --> decrease synaptic transmission. Inhibit release of ACh, NE, 5-HT, glutamate and substance P.
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Butorphanol
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Partial agonist at opiod mu receptors, agaonist at kappa receptors
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Clinical Use:
Pain, causes less respiratory depression than full agonists. Note: if patient is on full opioid it will cause withdrawl. |
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Tramadol
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Very weak opoid agonist, also inhibits serotonin and NE reuptake
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Clinical Use:
Chronic Pain Toxicity: Similar to opoids. Decreases seizure threshold |
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Phenytoin
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First Line of therapy for generalized Tonic-Clonic seizures
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Mechanism: Increases Sodium channel inactivation
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Carbamazepine
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First Line of therapy for tonic clonic seiures. Also the DOC for trigeminal neuralgia and used in teh manic phase of BPD.
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Note: Inducer of P450 - > so decreases efficacy of drugs like OC
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Lamotrigine
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Used for partial and tonic-clonic generalized seizures.
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Blocks voltage gated Na channels.
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Gabapentin
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Designed as GABA analog, but primarily inhibits HVA Ca2+
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Clinical Use: Partial and generalized seizures (epilepsy), peripheral neuropahty, bipolar disorder
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Topiramate
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Partial and generalized seizures,
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Blocks sodium channels, increases GABA action
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Phenobarbital
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Partial, generalized seizures, first line of epilepsy therapy in pregnant women
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increases GABAa action
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Valproic acid
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1st line in tonic clonic seizures
CAN USE in absence seizures |
Multiple Mechanisms:
- Inhibition of GABA tranaminase --> increased GABA - Increased Na+ channel activation - Blockade of T-type Calcium channels, thus can actually use in absence seizures NOTE: inhibtior of P450, so it slows down the metabolism of other drugs! |
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Ethosuximide
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1st line therapy for generalized absence seizures
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Blocks thalamic T-type Ca2+ channels
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Benzodiazepines (diazepam or lorazepam)
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1st line for acute generalized seizure
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Increase frequency of GABAa channel opening
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Tiagabine
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used for partial seizures
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Inhibits GABA reuptake - GAT1 inhibitor
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Vigabatrin
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used for partial seizures
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Irreversibly inhibits GABA transaminase --> Increases GABA
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