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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what four body functions are contralaterally innervate
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sensory, auditory, and motor and visual
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lesion to left auditory cortex causes:
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receptive fluent aphasia
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lesion to the right speech cortex causes
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expressive (nonfluent) aphasia
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left occipital lesion causes
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right homonymous hemianopsia
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left parietal lesion causes
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agraphia, acalculia, l r confusion, anosagnosia
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right parietal lesion
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disordered body orientation awareness/extrapersonal aprosopagnosia
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what does mental status exam check
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cerebral hem
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what does cns exam check
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brainstem
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what does gait and stance check
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cerebellum
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what does sensory and motor and reflex test
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spinal cord
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what does diminished arousal imply as far as lesion location
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brain stem or both cerebral hem
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what is the pneumonic for the causes of encephalopathy
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SEMMIC and endogenous/exogenous
semmic:SAH, encephalitis, meningitis,ictal,cerebrovascular |
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what causes decreased short term memory
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disease involving the mesial temporal lobes which can be damaged by toxic, metabolic or multifocal problem
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isolated long term amnesia is always ___ in origin
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psychiatric
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how do you test someones attention level
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spelling, counting forwards and backwards
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what part of brain allows the function of insight
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nondominant parietal lobe
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supranuclear control of cn function is goverened by-?
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contralateral cerebral hem
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what part of brain would be activated in olfactory hallucinations
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mesial tempora lobe
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___= unilateral deficit in the retina or optic nerve
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Afferent pupil defect
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what eye movement is cn 4 in charge of
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medial depression ( down and in)
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what way do they eyes deviate in active seizure or volition
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away from cortical activity
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what way do the eyes deviate in a post ictal state or stroke
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towards the cortical activity
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where is the dysfunction in cojugate gaze palsy
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cortical gaze center, coricobulbar tracts, always central in origin
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where is the dysfunction in dysconjugate gaze
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intranuclaar pathways,brainstem, cn III, IV , VI, can be central or peripheral in origin
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what would a dysfunction of cn III look like
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eyelid closed, lateral eye deviated laterally, pupil dilated
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in a conscious pt a complete third nerve palsy is due to:
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post communicating artery aneurysm until proven otherwise
could be temporal lobe herniation if not |
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what are four possible explanations for a dilated pupil
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toxic, traumatic, adies pupil ( loses it parasymp innerv) or a third nerve palsy
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what is the function of the abducens nerve
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abducts the ipsilateral eye
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what are some things on the differential for a cn VI nerve palsy
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brainstem, stroke, or ms
subarachnoid space meningitis, cavernous sinus thrombosis or metastic, meningeoma in the superior orbital fissure, dorelos canal, hypothyroidisme, myesthenia |
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what is the UMN of cn VII controlled by and what pathologic process can it be involved in
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supranuclear control, involved in tumor, stroke or MS
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what happens to eye closure when there is a central cn VII palsy
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eye closure is maintained
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what happens to eye closure when there is a peripheral CN VII palsy
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can not close eye
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rotruded tongue deviates toward __ __ or away from __ __
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1. peripheral weakness
2. central weakness |
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where could a lesion of a UMN be
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cerebrum, brainstem, SC above the lesions
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where could a lesion of a LMN be
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ant horn cell, root, periph nerve, NMJ, muscle
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what roots are tested with DTR of biceps, brachiolradialis
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C 5 and 6
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what roots are tested with dtr of tricepts
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c7 and c8
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what roots are tested with the patella reflex
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l3, l4
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what roots are tested with achilles reflex
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s1, and s2
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what is it called when you diffusely diminish reflexes
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generalized peripheral neuropathy
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what could a thoracic myelopathy cause
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hyperrflxia and babinski below that level
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what 2 nerves are involved in babinski
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s1 which then triggers the activation of L5
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what age should the babinski go away normally
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age one
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what causes proximal weaknes
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myopathy
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what causes distal weakness
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generalized neuropathy
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what causes radicular pattern
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nerve root
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what causes a peripheral nerve pattern
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mononeuropathy
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what causes long tract weakness
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UMN, Brain, BS or SC
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what is a sensitive sign of early long trat weakness
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pronator drift
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what muscles does the ulnar n innerv
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flexor carpi ulnaris, dorsal interossei
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what muscle does the common fibular (peroneal N) innerv
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tibialis anteriors
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if you have foot drop what muscles are weak
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flexors- you get a circumductive gait to compensate
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what is the pattern of sensory loss when there is dysfunction of multiple peripheral nerves
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stocking glove...hands and feet loss of sensory
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what test are used for appendicular coordination
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finger to nose and heel to shin. this test contraleral cerebellar hemispheres
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what all must be documented as normal if there is a true cerebellar pathology
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mental status, cn, strength, and sensation
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what is the analysis of gait a culmination of
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cognition,cns, motor, sensation,coordination
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where is the lesion: asymmetric arm swing
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extrpyramindal or pyramidal
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where is the lesion: circumductive leg swing
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pyramidal dysfuntion--ie stroke
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where is the lesion: turn en blck
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extrapyramidal
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ركزعلى
يركز على التركيز على |
to concentrate, focus on
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