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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Thalamus part of visual system
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-groups of nuclei separated by intenal medullary lamina
ant/med/lat/post -nucleus of pulvinar -nucleus of geniculate bodies |
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Internal structure thalamus
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-nucleus of lateral geniculate body, included in visual pathway
-connected to optic tract by brachium of inf. colliculus -projects to primary visual cortex |
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Limbic system
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-ant. nucleus
included in main pathway of limbic system, papez circuit connecting hippocampus, mamillary body, ant nucleus of thalamus, cingulate gyrus (gives emotional character) |
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Subthalamus
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nucleus of pulvinar
largest nucleus receives info from geniculate bodies connections with assosciation cortex |
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More thalamus..
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eggshaped, two poles,
ant. with ant. tubercle post with pulvinar below pulvinar lateral and medial gen. bodies |
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Thalamus
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all sensory pathways
-olfactory through thalamus "gate of consiousness" |
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Nuclei of inf. part of rhomboid fossa
+roof of the 4th ventricle |
-motor trigeminal (V)
-motor abducent (VI) under facial conniculus -motor facial (VII) -principar sensory nucleus trigeminal (V) (touch, pressure from face) -spinal nucleus (pons,mo,spinalcord) pain/temp from face -trigeminal V |
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Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
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CSF is produced by choroid plexus and the ventricles
lateral ventricle >inteventricular foramen >3rd ventricle >cerebral aqueduct >4th ventricle >subarachnoid space >arachnoid granulation >sup. sagittal sinus |
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Circulation of CSF
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-descending pathway
-coordinates function of hypothalamus and parasymphatetic nuclei (ex CN 3,7,9,10) these have parasymphatetic nuclei |
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Nucleus of tegmentum of midbrain
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Origin of the medial lemniscus
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Output cerebellum
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4 types
-intracortical -assosication -commisure -subcortical Main assosiation bundles -sup. longitudinal fasciculus -the arcuate fasciculus Fornix |
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Nucleus in spinalcord
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post nucleus
-thermo regulation (prod. of heat) mamillary nuclei -plays role in process of memory and sleep |
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Basal ganglia function
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-regulate function of internal organs
-maintaining homostasis of body -regulation of water and electrolyte balance, feeding, temp and sexual feelings |
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Role of nerve tissue
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-gray matter
-are subcortical nuclei of the brain (telencephalon) -important in iniation of voluntary movements and control of posture adjustments with these movements -corpus striatum -subthalamic nucleus -substantia nigra |
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Afferent pathways of cerebellum
Input |
-arcuate nucleus (infindibular pronucleus) release/initiate .... related to hypophys.
portal veins> control the hormones of adenohypophys -ventromedial nucleus satiety center |
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Centers of symphatetic system
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provides independent intrinsic innervation of intestines
2 plexuses myenteric submucosal |
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Enteric system
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Preganglionic neurons in thoracic part of spinal cord
postganglionic in ganglia of symp. trunk and prevertebral ganglia |
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Reticular system
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preoptic- release of gonadotropic hormones also production antiduretic hormone ADH and oxytocin
-are carried to neurohypophysis .... cellular part >corticotropin releasing hormone CRH >adrenocorticotropin ACrn ------- Supraoptic- ant.nucleus plays role in termoregulation |
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Structure-CNS
PNS Functionally-SNS (motor/sensory) ANS (symph/parasymph) |
Auditory pathway (lat.lemniscus) sends infor to medial geniculate body via brachiumm of inf. collicullis and from medial geniculate body to thalamus
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Lobes
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Olive> inferior olivary nucleus
-belongs to the extrapyramidal motor system, is a cerebellar relay nucleus -receives info from spinal cord (spinoolivary tract) -from red nucleus via rubro olivary tract -send olivocerebellar fibres to cerebellum via inf. cerebellar peduncle |
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Thalamus Sensory
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-below thalamus
structures visible on the ventral surface of the brain -optic nerve -optic chiasm -optic tract -tuber cinerum (gray) -infindibulum -mamillary bodies |
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Papez circuit
important pathway of the limbic system |
Nucleus Ambiguus Motor
-in medulla oblangata -fibres run in cranial nerves 9,10,11 (glosso,vagus,accessory) Vagus+glossopharyngeal> innervation of pharynx and larynx Inferior salivatory nucleus of glossopharyngeal -in medulla oblangata -take part in innervation (salivatory glands) Solitory nucleus -connected with facial, glossoph,vagus + cranial parts of accessory -receives general visceral afferent (sensory) info from thoracic and abdominal internal .... |
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Nucleus of medulla oblangata
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hippocampal formation> via fornix> mamillary body> mamillothalamic tract> anterior nucleus of thalamus> entorhinal cortex> hippocampal formation
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Extrapyramidal (striatal) systen
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In medulla oblangata
-connected with VII,IX,X receives general visceral afferent (sensory) infor from thoracic and abdominal organs Mediates visceral reflexes -sends to ret. formation -thalamus gustatory> from vagus,facial> solitatory |
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Cerebello pontine angle
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spinal nucleus of accessory XI CN in spinal cord
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Parasympathetic nuclei
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hypoglossal nucleus under hypoglossal trigone
-glossopharyngeal.vagus,accessory glosso+vagus innervates pharynx and larynx |
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nucleus in the olive of the medulla oblangata
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1)frontal lobe (emotions,personality)
precentral gyrus, supraorbital gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inf frontal gyrus 2)parietal lobe (motorspeach,senses) postcentral gyrus, sup. parietal gyrus, inf parietal gyrus, precuneus, post paracentral gyrus 3) temporal lobe (smell,sound, interpreting faces, scenes) sup/mid/inf. temporal gyrus lateral occipotemporal gyrus 4) Occipital lobe (vision) cuneus 5) Limbic lobe cingulate gyrus Emotions>parahippocampal gyrus |
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White matter of brain hemisphere
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Ventral
-somatic motor fibers ant horn> skeletal muscles -antonomic (visceral motor) fibers> smooth muscles, glands of organs Dorsal -somatosensory from skin,muscle, tendons -viscerosensory from int.org -dorsal root ganglion |
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Roots- spinal nerve
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-assosciaton fibers connect gyri + lobes in same hemosphere
-cerebral commisures -projection fibers |
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Internal structure brainstem
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-nuclei of raphe-serotonin neurons
regulates sleep-wake cycle emotional behaviour |
