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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anxiolytic drugs?
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Benzodiazapines and Barbiturates
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Benzo prototype
Action: |
Diazapam (valium)
Make GABA more effective in the RAS and Limbic system |
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Other Benzo's
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Alpazolam (xanex)
Lorazepam (ativan) |
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Use of Anxiolytic drugs
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Anxiety
Panic disorders Alcohol withdrawl preoperative anxiety |
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Benzodiazepine adverse effects
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Sedation -
Drowsiness - CNS depression lethargy - Confusion |
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Benzo drug-drug interactions
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Alcohol increases CNS depression
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Benzo Antagonist
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Flumazenial (Romazicon)
Reverses Benzo dosing - overdoseing |
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Barbiturate prototype
Action: |
Phenobarbital (Lumina)
Inhibits conduction in the RAS, depress cortex, depress motor output |
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Other barbiturates
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Amobarbitol (Amytal sodium)
Butabarbitol (Butisol) Pentobarbital (Nembutal) Secobarbital (Seconal) |
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Use of Barbiturates
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Anxiety
Hypnotic Seizures Insomnia |
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Barbiturate Adverse effects
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CNS Depression: Somnolence, confusion, ataxia, vertigo, NVD
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Barbiturate Drug-Drug interactions
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Alcohol increases CNS depression
MAOI causes increased effect Decrease effect in: Anticoagulants, digoxin, TCA's, The pill |
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Antidepressant catagories:
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TCA's, MAOI's, SSRI's
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Tricyclic antidepressants TCA's
Action: |
Prevent reuptake of NE and 5HT
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TCA's
Use: |
Depression, enuresis in children, chronic pain
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TCA
Prototype |
Imipramine (Tofranil)
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TCA
Contra indications and cautions |
recent MI
CV Disease Bipolar |
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TCA
Adverse reactions |
Typical CNS depression
GI Anticholinergic effects: Dry mouth, constipation, NVD, cramps. Urinary retention, loss of libido. |
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TCA
Drug-drug interactions |
MAOI's
Fluoxtine anticoagulants |
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Other TCA's
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Desipramine
Nortriptyline Protriptyline Amitriptyline Trimipramine Doxepin |
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MAOI's
Actions |
Block the breakdown of NE, dopamine, 5HT causing an increase in synaptic cleft.
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MAOI
Indications |
Treatment of depression, patients unresponsive to other antidepressants
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MAOI
Contraindications |
Pheochromocytoma
CV disease Psych patients Headaches |
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MAOI
Adverse reactions |
CNS effects
Liver toxicity anticholinergic effects |
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MAOI
Prototype |
Phenelzine (Nardil)
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MAOI
Food-drug interactions Drug-drug |
Other antidepressants - hypertensive crisis
Tyramine in foods increase blood pressure |
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SSRI's
Actions |
Block reuptake of 5HT
Low adverse effects |
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SSRI's
Indications |
Depression, OCD, Panic Attacks, Bulimia, PMDD, PTSD, Social Anxiety
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SSRI's
Contraindications |
Caution in children. Increased suicide risk.
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SSRI's
Adverse Reactions |
CNS Effects
Headaches |
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SSRI's
Drug to Drug Interactions |
MAOI's
TCA's Increase effects and can be toxic Herbal Interactions:St.Johns Wart, Ginko, Ginseng |
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SSRI's
Prototype |
Fluoxetine "Prozac"
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SSRI's
Other SSRI's |
Citaloparm "Celexa"
Duloxetine "Cymbolta" Escitalopram "Lexipro" Fluvoxamine "Luvox" Paroxetine "Paxil" Sertarline "Zoloft" |
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Other Antidepresents
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Bupropion "Welbutrin" - Blocks Re-uptake of NE,5HT, Dopamine
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Psycotherapudic Agents
Used For |
Schizophrenia
BiPolar Narcalepsy ADD |
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AntiPsychotic Drugs
Actions |
Block Dopamine Receptors
Depress the RAS AntiCholinergic |
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AntiPsychotic Drugs
Indications |
Management of manefestations of psychotic disorders
Hyperactivity combative behavior agitation in elderly severe behavioral problems in children |
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AntiPsychotic Drugs
Contraindications |
CNS Depression
Parkinsons CV Disease Hypotension Dimension in the elderly |
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AntiPsychotic Drugs
Adverse Reactions |
Related to Anti-Cholinergic
CNS Effects Extra Pyramidal Side-effects "EPS" |
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AntiPsychotic Drugs
Drug to Drug Interactions |
BetaBlockers, Alcohol, anticholinergic
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AntiPsychotic Drugs
Prototype - Typical |
Chlorppromazine "Thorazine"
Strong sedative effect For agitation, severe behavior, psychosis, hicups |
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AntiPsychotic Drugs
Prototype - Atypical |
Clozapine "Clozaril"
Severe Schizophrenia ADR - Seizures, Monitor WBC |
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AntiPsychotic Drugs
Other - Typical |
Fluphenazine "Prolixin"
Haloperidol "Haldol" Loxaphine "Loxitane" Molindine "Moban" Thiothixone "Navane" |
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AntiPsychotic Drugs
Other - Atypical |
Aripiprazole "Abilify"
Olinzapine "Zyprexa" Risperidone "Risperdol" |
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BiPolar
Prototype |
Lithium - Treatment of manic episodes
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BiPolar
Actions |
Alters sodium transport in nerve and muscle cells
Inhibits release NE and Dopamine from stimulated nurons |
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BiPolar
Adverse Effects |
Effects directly related to Lithium serum levels
CNS Problems, muscle weakness, CV collapse |
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BiPolar
Drug Interactions |
Haloperidol
Carbamazepine Thiazide Diuretic |
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CNS Stimulants
Actions |
Cordicole and RAS stimulation by increasing the release of Catecholamines from presynaptic nurons
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CNS Stimulants
Indications |
Treatment of ADD and narcolepsy
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CNS Stimulants
Adverse Effects |
CNS Stimulation: nervousness, insomnia, diziness, headache, blurred vision
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CNS Stimulants
Drug to Drug Interactions |
MAOI's, TCA's, Betablockers, CNS stimulants, Dagixon
Phenytoin = increased risk of toxicity |
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CNS Stimulants
Prototype |
Methylphenidate "Rititan"
Most frequently prescribed, first line drug Avoid Caffeine |
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CNS Stimulants
Other Drugs |
Dexmethylphenidate "Focalin"
Dextroamphetamine "Dexedrine" Atomaxetine "Striattera" |
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CNS Stimulants
Contraindications |
Severe Anxiety or agitation, Tourette's syndrom, and glaucoma
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AntiSeizure Agents - Hydontoins
Actions |
Decreased conduction through nerve pathways by influencing ionic channels in cell membranes.
Less sedating, significant adverse effects |
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AntiSeizure Agents - Hydontoins
Prototype |
Phenytoin "Dilantin"
Indications: Tonic-clonic seizures, control of status epilepticus |
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AntiSeizure Agents - Hydontoins
Adverse Effects |
CNS Depression, changes in blood pressure, urinary retention, liver toxicity, dermatological reactions.
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AntiSeizure Agents - Hydontoins
Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Succinimides |
Phenobarbital - long term treatment of tonic-clonic seizures.
Diazepam - Adjunct in status epilepticus and recurrent seizures. Ethosuximide - treatment for absence seizures. |
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AntiSeizure Agents - Partial Seizures
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Carbamazepine "Tegretol"
Inhibits polysynaptic responses Many Side Effects Not a first line drug |
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AntiSeizure
Side-Effects |
Drowsiness, headache, fatigue, gingivalhyperplasia
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Antiparkinsinism Agents
Dopaminergics |
Levodopa "Dopar"
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Antiparkinsinism Agents
Actions |
Precursor of Dopamine , converted to dopamine in the brain
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Antiparkinsinism Agents
Contraindications and Cautions |
Glaucoma, skin lesions, MI
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Antiparkinsinism Agents
Adverse Effects |
Anxiety, nervousness, muscle twitching, adventicious movements, decreased mental clarity
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Antiparkinsinism Agents
Other Dopaminergics |
Carbidopa-levodopa "Sinemet"
Most effective parkinsons treatment |
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Antiparkinsinism Agents
Anticholiminergics - Actions |
Block Acetycholine pathways, inhibit release of acetycholine
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Antiparkinsinism Agents
Prototype |
Biperiden "Akineton"
Acts as an anticholimergic in the CNS |
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Narcotics
Agonists-Actions |
Act at specific opioid receptor sites in the CNS. Produce Analgesia sedation and a sense of well being
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Narcotics
Agonists - Prototype |
Morphein
adverse effects: light headed, dizziness, sedation, CNS depression |
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Narcotics
Agonists - Antagonists |
Stimulates certain opioid receptors but block other receptors
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Narcotics
Agonists - Antagonists - Prototype |
Pentazocine "Talwin"
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Narcotics
Antagonists |
Drugs that bind to opioid receptors but do not activate them.
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Narcotics
Antagonists-Prototype |
Naloxone "Narcan"
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