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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the characteristics of Phylum Cnidaria?
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Mostly marine, microscopic.
Carnivorous. Diploblastic. Nervous and muscular tissue. Ex: jellyfish, sea anemones, corals, hydrozoans. |
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What is the general body plan of cnidarians?
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Ectoderm=epidermis.
Endoderm=gastrodermis. Archenteron=gastrovascular cavity. Mesoglea (in between epidermis and gastrodermis). Blastopore=mouth |
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What are the body forms of cnidarians?
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1. polyp: sessile (sea anemone)
2. medusa: motile (jelly fish) Most life cycles include both body plans. |
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How do cnidarians obtain energy?
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Use cnidocysts to capture prey.
Extracellular digestion in gastrovascular cavity. Corals can obtain a large proportion of their energy from symbiotic algae. |
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What is the nervous system of cnidarians like?
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Very simple.
Little to no integration or processing of signals. Provide direct lines of communication between sensors and effectors (muscles). |
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What is the sexual reproduction of cnidarians like?
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?
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What are the classes of cnidarians?
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Hydrozoa
Scyphozoa Anthozoa |
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What are the characteristics of Class hydrozoa?
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Polyp dominant phase, most species alternate between polyp and medusa.
Exs: Hydra, Portuguese man-of-war |
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What are the characteristics of hydra?
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Freshwater
No medusa stage. Move by gliding, floating. 2-5mm. |
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What are the characteristics of a Portuguese man-of-war?
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Colonial polyps and medusas.
Gas-filled float. Troical, subtropical oceans. |
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What are the characteristics of Class scyphozoa?
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Medusa is dominant, polyp is reduced.
Jellyfish. Large amount of mesoglea. Some nemotocysts are very strong. Prey on fish larvae and zoo plankton. Impt food for leatherback turtles. Ex: Cassiopeia |
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What is a cassiopeia?
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Member of Class scyphozoa.
Upside down jelly fish. Symbiotic alga in tentacles. Tolerates low O2 conditions. |
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What are the characteristics of Class Anthozoa?
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Polyp is dominant, no medusa.
Exs: sea anemones and corals. |
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What are the characteristics of sea anemones?
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Member of Class Anthozoa.
Retract tentacles in defense. Mutualistic relationships with anemone fish and shrimp. |
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What are the characteristics of corals?
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Member of Class Anthozoa.
Mutualistic relationship with zooxanthellae (dinoflagellate). Secrete CaCO2 exoskeleton (=reefs). |
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What is "coral bleaching"?
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Serious ecological problem.
Zooxanthellae expelled due to increased water temps and UV rays, pollution, disease. |
