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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sponges
Major evolutionary milestone |
Muticellularity
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epidermal cells
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cover the inside of a sponge
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pore cells
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allow water in
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collar cells
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move and filter water
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amoeboid cell
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move around, carry food, and create spicules
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spicules
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glass like, support cell layers of sponge ( kind of like a skeleton )
sponges are identified by the spicule shape |
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osculum
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large exit hole usually at top
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egg and sperm cells
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hiyfcfgfli
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Shelter and camouflage
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smaller invertibrates that live in the hollow spaces of their bodys, form reefs similar to coral reefs
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symbiotic relationship
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some form symbiotic relationships with photo synthetic bacteria and plant like protists, provide homes and provides food, oxygen and removes waste
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ocean cleaners
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boring sponge contain a special amebocyte, cleans up the ocean, recycle calcium by releasing chemicles that can break up pieces of old shells that pass through their bodys
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food source
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snails, fish and starfish
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use in fight against disease
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use microbes to make toxic compounds that protect them from other organisms many of these chemicles are powerful antibiotics that fight bacteria, fungi and reduce tumor growth
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Human use economic
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used by humans for bathing/cleaning sponges & antibiotics
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sessile
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adults are attatched to a substrate ( no muscles to move )
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larvae
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are free floating
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Flagella
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in collar cells move water through sponge
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Amoebocytes
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( amoeboid cells) also digest some food and move nutrients to non-feeding cells
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Budding or branching
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offspring grows of the side of a parent
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capsules
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called gemmules can be dried or frozen during unfavorable conditions
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Endoderm
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inside layer made of collar cells
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Ectoderm
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containing epidermal cells and pore cells
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mesoglea
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seperates the two layers, but not cell layer, a jelly like layer
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Flat worms
Major eveloutionary milestones |
bilateral symmetry, true organs, cephaization, mesoderm
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( Bilateral symmetry )
Anterior |
head
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prosterier
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tail
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Doral
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top
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ventrical
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bottom
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acoelomates
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no body cavity
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cephalization
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concentrated sensory organs an nerve tissue at anterior end
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mesoderm
( also has ectoderm and endoderm ) |
made of cells ( not mesoglea )
form reproductive, excretory and muscular organs |
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Fragmentation
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can regenerate complete worm from small fragments
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Free living and parasitic
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live in host
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Class turbellaeia- Free living
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EX-plnaria
-incomplete gut -ciliated epidermis -eye spots -no suckers or hooks -carnivorous that eat other animals dead or alive |
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Class Trematoda- parasitic
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EX-Flukes
-incomplete gut -suckers -tegument- modified epidermal cells that protects against digestive enzymes and immune system of hosts |
