Cnidaria && Ctenophora

Front 1

cnidocytes or cnidoblasts

Back 1

-tentacles armed with exploding cells

-synapomorphy of Cnidaria

Front 2

nematocysts

Back 2

stinging organelle within cnidocytes

Front 3

colloblasts

Back 3

explosive sticky cells located on two tentacles

-synapomorphy of Ctenophora

Front 4

Medusozoa && Anthozoa

Back 4

2 Subphyla of Cnidaria

Front 5

Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, & Cubozoa

Back 5

3 Classes of sPhy Medusozoa

Front 6

Octocorallia, Hexacorallia

Back 6

2 subClasses of sPhy Anthozoa

Front 7

basal disc

Back 7

anatomy of Hydrozoans which attaches to the substrate

Front 8

hypostome

Back 8

-anatomy of Hydrozoans located at the oral end

-the mouth is also located on this term

Front 9

tentacles

Back 9

anatomy of Hydrozoans which surrounds the hypostome

Front 10

Coelenteron (gastrovascular cavity)

Back 10

central, inner body cavity of Hydra

Front 11

gastrodermis

Back 11

layer of cells lining the gastrovascular cavity

Front 12

epidermis

Back 12

layer of cells lining the outside of the body

Front 13

mesoglea

Back 13

transparent, acellular layer located between the epidermis and gastrodermis of Medusozoans (sPhy)

Front 14

epithelio-muscular cells

Back 14

cells in (Cnidarian) the epidermis that serve both covering and contraction functions

Front 15

nutritive-muscular cells

Back 15

cells in (Cnidarian) the gastrodermiswith several roles

Front 16

nerve net

Back 16

basic nervous system of Cnidarians located in between the epidermis and gastrodermis

Front 17

ovaries

Back 17

-anatomy of Hydra where ova are produced during sexual reproduction

-appear as enlargements lower on the trunk

Front 18

testes

Back 18

-anatomy of Hydra where sperm is produced

-appear higher up on the body

Front 19

gastrozooids (hydranth)

Back 19

feeding polyps on a colonial Hydrozoan

Front 20

hydrotheca

Back 20

-transparent layer surrounding each tentacle and mouth of a gastrozooid

-continuation of the perisarc

Front 21

perisarc

Back 21

-covers the tissues of the branching hydrorhiza

Front 22

hydrorhiza

Back 22

a rootstock or decumbent stem by which a hydroid is attached to other objects

Front 23

gonozooids (gonangium)

Back 23

individual polyps without feeding tentacles on a colonian Hydrozoan

Front 24

medusa buds

Back 24

anatomy of colonial Hydrozoans attached to a central blastostyle on the gonangium (gonozooid)

*(easier to understand on Life Cycle of Obelia diagram on page 21)

Front 25

gonotheca

Back 25

transparent layer encasing medusa buds

Front 26

exumbrella

Back 26

the top of the umbrella of a Schyphozoan

Front 27

subumbrella

Back 27

the bottom of the umbrella of a Scyphozoan

Front 28

oral arms

Back 28

"tentacles" surrounding the mouth in Scyphozoans

Front 29

gastrovascular cavity

Back 29

anatomy to which the mouth opens up to in Scyphozoans

Front 30

radial canals

Back 30

anatomy of Scyphozoans with extensive branching

Front 31

ring canals

Back 31

anatomy of Scyphozoans that the radial canals open up to

Front 32

gastric pouches

Back 32

four anatomical structures of Scyphozoans containing the gonads

Front 33

rhopalia

Back 33

sense organ clusters seen in Scyphozoans

Front 34

Statoliths

Back 34

sense organ in Scyphozoans used for balance

Front 35

ocelli

Back 35

sense organ in Scyphozoans used for light detection

Front 36

planula larva

Back 36

typical larval form of Scyphozoans which hatches from the egg

Front 37

scyphistosoma

Back 37

specialized polyp into which the planula larva of Scyphozoans grow

Front 38

strobilization

Back 38

method by which Scyphozoan scyphistoma polyps produce saucer-like structures (premature medusa)

Front 39

ephyra

Back 39

-free swimming products of Scyphozoan scyphistoma strobilization

- grow tentacles & slowly mature into medusoid jellyfish

Front 40

oral disc

Back 40

anatomy of Hexacorallians which bears the mouth and is fringed by tentacles

Front 41

pharynx

Back 41

anatomy of Hexacorallians into which the mouth opens

Front 42

siphonoglyph

Back 42

thickened groove on the side of the pharynx in Hexacorallians

Front 43

basal disc

Back 43

anatomy of Hexacorallians which attaches the organism to the substrate

Front 44

septa (mesenteries)

Back 44

-anatomy which divides the Anthozoan (Cl) gastrovascular cavity

-typically have 6 (sCl. Hexacorallians) or 8 (sCl. Octocorallians)

Front 45

gastric filaments & gonads

Back 45

2 anatomical structures of Hexacorallians located at the edges of the mesenteries which (1) produce digestive enzymes & (2) secrete reproductive material

Front 46

acontia

Back 46

specialized tentacles located at the base of the septa which are extruded for defense in Hexacorallians

Front 47

apical sense organ

Back 47

-anatomical feature of Ctenophorans located at the aboral end

-regulates the activity of the individual comb rows

-contains the statocyst (fluid-filled organ that helps the animal sense the position its body is in)

Front 48

comb rows

Back 48

-main method of Ctenophoran locomotion

-8 extend from the apical sense organ

Front 49

2

Back 49

number of Ctenophoran tentacles (used for feeding not locomotion)