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223 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Hospitals provide ________ care...which is treatment for illnesses which come on suddenly and are usually of short duration
acute
___________ illnesses develop slowly and continue for long periods of time
chronic
____________ provides terminal care for the dying person to improve comfort and quality of life
Hospice
True or False: Long term care facilities are subject to inspections by the federal government, the state department of health, and local health and fire departments.
True
a group of professionals and non-professionals with special skills who work together to meet a resident's needs
the Health Care Team
a resident advocate who investigates complaints and helps achieve agreement between parties
ombudsman
the person who manages all departments within the facility and sets policies
administrator
a form used to identify the physical, mental, and psychological status of each resident
Minimum Data Set (MDS)
a written plan of action developed by the Health Care Team to meet each resident's highest functional, medical, nursing, mental, and psychosocial needs
Comprehensive Care Plan (care plan)
To whom does the CNA report changes in the resident's appearance, behavior, or mood?
the nurse
care that preserves function
maintenance care
care that stops disease or injury from happening
preventative care
care aimed at regaining health and strength
restorative care
physical activities of everyday life
Activities of Daily Living (ADL)
one who defends the rights of another
advocate
getting everyone from every department on all shifts working towards the same goals using compatible methods
continuity of care
paying attention to what is said in a conversation
actively listening
to exchange information
communicate
True or False: The CNA is an important member of both the Health Care Team and the Nursing Team.
True
Bathing, dressing, grooming, eating, elimination, transferring, ambulating, and communication are examples of providing the resident _________ care.
daily
Creating a home-like environment, developing trust, offering emotional support, and actively listening are examples of providing for the resident's ______________
comfort
Following infection control practices, reporting safety problems immediately, and performing procedures correctly are examples of providing for the resident's ___________.
safety
Observing and reporting changes in the resident, measuring vital signs accurately, and answering call lights immediately are examples of providing for the resident's __________ needs.
health
When should safety problems be reported?
immediately
Which call lights should be answered immediately?
any of them
What type of history check is done on a person choosing to become a CNA?
criminal
What type of TB testing is required for CNAs?
Mantoux
The Indiana CNA training program requires at least ______ hours of classroom training and ______ hours of clinical experience.
30 classroom hours
75 clinical hours
A nursing assistant must pass both a __________ and ___________ test to become certified.
written
skills
Performing your best, being loyal, being accountable, performing only duties legally permitted, and maintaining confidentiality are all examples of exhibiting ___________ behavior.
ethical
Report _____________ abuse or neglect to the nurse immediately.
suspected
True or False: To safeguard the resident's property includes not asking for an inheritence.
True
When and to whom should incidents or errors be reported?
Immediately to the nurse
A ________________ should list the tasks that a CNA is expected to perform.
job description
True or False: It is not necessary to present a positive personal image.
False
True or False: A CNA should wear little or no perfume.
True
How many hours of inservice education must a CNA be offered each year?
at least 12 hours
What is the minimum amount of work a CNA must do to maintain certification?
at least one eight hour shift every twenty-four months (2 years)
If a complaint of abuse is found to be valid, what happens to the CNA?
the CNA will loose certification in all 50 states permanently
If found guilty of neglect, what happens to the CNA?
The CNA will not be allowed to work for 2-5 years.
How often must a CNA be evaluated?
yearly
How often must your certification be renewed?
every 2 years
Who determines professional standards?
State regulations
To have confidence and faith in; to rely on
trust
the resident's means of communicating with staff to get help
call light
doing what is right according to the rules of conduct of a particular group
ethical behavior
being responsible for your own choices
accountable
to treat with courtesy and consideration
respect
keeping information secret
confidentiality
freedom from outsiders entering and watching without your consent
privacy
an act that causes harm
abuse
failure to act in a reasonable and caring manner
neglect
any unusual event (falls, theft, errors) that occurs in a health care facility
incident
up-to-date, proven and accepted ways of providing nursing care
current nursing practices
pressure or strain that disturbs a person's mental or physical well being
stress
opportunities for learning offered by an employer
inservice education
wrong doing that has been proven
verified complaint
What is the most important way the CNA assists the nurse and other members of the health care team to identify the needs of the residents?
Observing and reporting
the gathering of bits of information about a resident through the use of the senses and feelings
observing
What type of observation includes data available through the senses, ie. sight, sound, smell, and touch?
objective observation
What type of observation includes information reported by a resident about how he is feeling?
subjective observation
verbally informing the person in authority (the nurse) about the resident's care and what has been observed
reporting
To whom must reporting always be done?
the nurse
_________ reporting is usually done at the end of the shift.
routine
___________ reporting must be done at the time of the observation and includes dangerous or unusual observations or events
Immediate
the written account of a resident's condition
documentation
Is documentation considered legal and a permanent record?
Yes
Care can be legally considered done even if it wasn't documented. True or False
False
When must a resident's name be written on a chart form?
Before anything else is written
All written entries must be done in ________.
ink
True or False: Documentation must be done in chronological order.
True
True or False: Never document before a procedure is completed.
True
True or False: You may leave spaces or skip lines between entries in a chart...in order to prevent altering of a document
False
T or F: All entries must include date, time, and signature with title of who wrote the information.
True
How do you correct an error on a chart?
Draw a single line through the error. Print "error"...then initial and date the correction.
correct, exact
accurate
accountable by law for one's actions
legally responsible
the sequence in which events occur
chronological order
a shortened form of a word
abbreviation
the exchange of information and messages
communication
________ communication includes written or spoken words
verbal
_________ communication includes facial expressions, tone of voice, posture, gestures, and touch
nonverbal
True or False: What is observed may be more important than what is heard.
True
Is it best to be at eye level with a person to whom you are communicating?
Yes
It is acceptable to give your opinion to a resident
No...give facts only unless specifically requested (then you must still be careful)
Which is better, brief or long messages?
brief
What type of body language shows interest and concern?
eye contact
leaning forward
True or False: It is ok to read a resident's mail if asked.
True
A person who is blind relies on ________ cues.
verbal
A person who is hearing impaired relies on ____________ cues.
nonverbal
the capacity to be even-tempered and calm
patience
the capacity to have respect and consideration for others
courtesy
a sense of what to do or say in order to maintain good relations with others and avoid offense.
tact
the ability to understand another's point of view and share in their feelings
empathy
T or F: It is ok to say "I know how you feel"
False
T or F: You do not need to include the resident in conversation if more than one CNA is assisting in care.
False
T or F: You do not need to verbally communicate with an unconscious resident.
False
T or F: The resident does not always need to be offered choice.
False
anything that hinders or blocks
barrier
values, beliefs and customs passed on from generation to generation by a group of people
culture
diminished function
impairment
diminished mental capacity for awareness and ability to make correct judgement
cognitively impaired
preventing the spread of microorganisms by following certain practices and procedures
infection control
Where are microorganisms?
everywhere
harmful microorganisms that may cause infection are called __________
pathogens or germs
Name four types of pathogens.
bacteria
viruses
fungi
protozoa
The ________________ explains how pathogens move from one place to another.
infection chain
How many links are in the infection chain?
six
the causative agent (bacteria, virus, etc)
pathogen
the place where pathogens live and multiply, ie. on equipment, animals, etc.
reservoir
Describe the environment pathogens especially like
warm, dark, moist
the way pathogen leave the body...ie. via urine, salive, etc.
portal of exit
how pathogens travel, ie. through the air, etc.
route of transmission
the way pathogens get into the body, ie. mouth, nose, etc.
portal of entry
the person who can be infected by a pathogen
susceptible host
What type of persons are most likely to be susceptible hosts?
very young;
elderly;
those in poor health;
those exposed to many pathogens
Breaking the chain of infection controls the ___________ of infection
spread
What is the best way to prevent the spread of infection?
handwashing
guidelines developed by the CDC to reduce the risk of transmission of pathogens
Standard Precautions
Standard Precautions says to consider WHO as potentially infectious?
every person
Which body secretion is not considered a source of infection?
sweat
What type of precautions are used for pathogens transmitted in dust particles in air currents?
Airborne precautions
Name 2 or 3 diseases that require airborne precautions.
tuberculosis
chickenpox
measles
What type of precautions are used for pathogens transmitted in droplets when a person coughs or sneezes?
Droplet precautions
Name 2 or 3 diseases that require droplet precautions.
pneumonia
influenza
scarlet fever
What type of precautions are used for pathogens transmitted by direct contact with the resident or indirect contact with surfaces or care items?
Contact precautions
Name 2 or 3 diseases that require contact precautions.
conjunctivitis (pink eye)
scabies
impetigo
a contagious disease of the liver caused by a virus
hepatitis
How is hepatitis spread?
by exposure to infected blood, sexual contact, and fecal/oral contact
Is there a vaccination for hepatitis?
Yes
a skin infection caused by a mite and spread by direct contact
scabies
How do you prevent the spread and re-infestation of scabies?
by treating all contacts, bedding, and clothing
a chronic bacterial infection that usually affects the lungs but may affect other body organs as well
tuberculosis (TB)
What does HIV do to the body?
destroys the body's ability to fight infection
How long can a person infected with HIV go without symptoms of AIDS?
many years (up to 10 or more)
bacterial infection that no longer responds to antibiotics normally used to treat staph infections
MRSA
How is MRSA often spread?
on the hands of health care workers
Should a CNA wash her hands before or after performing a procedure?
both
What should you do immediately after removing gloves?
wash your hands
Is it ever ok for a CNA to wear gloves in the hallway?
Yes, only if the CNA has a rash, open sore, or is transporting an infectious person
How should you carry linen?
away from your uniform
When should you consider blood, body fluids, or excrement contaminated?
all the time
a tiny living thing which can only be seen with a microscope
microorganism
microorganism capable of producing disease
pathogen
weakened or killed disease-producing organism taken orally or by injection to protect against disease
vaccine
skin test to determine past or present exposure to Tuberculosis
Mantoux Test
any piece of medical equipment that has the potential to cut or puncture the skin
sharps
an infection acquired during a stay at a health care facility
nosocomial infection
using chemicals or boiling water water to reduce the number of microorganisms
disinfect
process of killing all microorganisns
sterilize
What is the proper temperature (in general) for handwashing?
warm water
Washing your hands with hot water can have what effect?
Hot water opens pores, which may cause irritation
Why should you angle your hands lower than your elbows when washing your hands?
The hands are most contaminated. Water should run from cleanest to dirtiest.
When washing your hands, why should you use friction?
Friction loosens skin oils and allows pathogens to be rinsed away
For how long must you vigorously rub your hands with handwashing?
minimum of 10 seconds
Where are most pathogens on the hands?
beneath the nails
In which direction should you rinse your hands?
from wrist to fingertips
How do you turn the water off after washing your hands?
with a clean paper towel
What should you do with the paper towel used to turn off the faucet after rinsing your hands?
throw it in the trash immediately
Why do you check gloves for tears?
damaged gloves do not protect you or the resident
Where do you grasp the first glove being removed?
on the outer surface just below the cuff
Why do you pull off the first glove so that it is inside out?
the dirtiest part of the glove is concealed
How many fingers do you insert under the second glove when removing gloves?
two
What can happen if gloves are rolled or moved from one hand to another when removed?
hands may become contaminated
What is the last step to removing your gloves?
washing your hands
using the body properly to coordinate balance and movement
body mechanics
What are some of the benefits of good body mechanics?
maximizes strength
minimizes stress
prevents injury
reduces fatigue
promotes safety
What part of your body is your center of gravity?
the pelvis
What part of your body is your base of support?
your feet
How far apart should your feet be during a move?
about 18 inches or shoulder width apart
More friction under the feet increases or decreases stability?
increases
Avoid lifting, pushing, pulling, or sliding objects when possible?
lifting
What should you keep straight when using good body mechanics?
your back
Keep your load close or far away when carrying something?
close
Which muscles should you use to lift something?
leg muscles
Considering good body mechanics, what two things should you NEVER do at the same time?
lift and twist
What should you do to a wheelchair or bed for safety when moving a resident?
Lock the wheels
How should you always communicate when moving a resident?
count to three
Should you inhale or exhale during a lift?
exhale
Why should you tighten your abdominal muscles and pull in your stomach during a lift?
supports your spine
Why do you count to three with a move?
allows you and the resident (or other workers) to move at the same time
To whom and when should you report an injury?
to the nurse immediately
using the least amount of effort to accomplish a task
efficient
rubbing one surface against another
friction
to evaluate or check
assess
Keep traffic patterns ______ in resident's rooms and hallways
clear
When is it ok to run in the hallway?
never
What should you do if you find a frayed cord on an electrical appliance?
report it; do NOT attempt to fix it
Never use electrical equipment near what 2 things?
water
oxygen
To whom and when should you report a potentially hazardous condition?
to the nurse immediately
Do ALL residents need visited frequently?
yes
Which side should a call light be on when someone is paralyzed?
unaffected side
When should call lights be answered?
immediately
Never turn a resident toward the side of the bed with the __________ ______
siderail down
Why should you never lean over a resident in bed to do any procedure?
You risk discomfort, injury, and cross contamination
What is the best type of footwear for a resident getting out of bed?
rubber soled shoes
How long should a resident sit on the side of the bed before standing when getting up?
10-15 seconds
Why should a resident sit for a few seconds before standing when getting up out of bed?
to check for dizziness
Never move a resident by grabbing him under the _______
arm
Where do you place a pillow when moving a resident up in bed? Why?
against the headboard;
in case his head hits the headboard
How much should a resident help you?
as much as possible
When are siderails considered a safety aid?
when raised while bed is up in a working height, ie when doing a bed bath
When are siderails considered a self help device?
when raised to assist the resident to move independently
When are siderails considered a restraint?
when used for the sole purpose of confining the resident in bed
Is it ok to raise the siderails to constrain or confine a resident who you feel is becoming confused?
No, you must tell the nurse...then the nurse must get a doctor's order
Can a nurse or CNA decide to use a vest restraint on a resident who is trying to get up out of a chair without help?
No, it requires a doctor's order
What type of knot is used with a restraint?
a quick release knot
Name three signs of a restraint being too tight.
numbness
tingling
cyanosis
How often must you visit a resident who is restrained?
at least every hour
How often must a restraint be released and activity provided on a resident who is in bed?
at least every 2 hours
Where must "oxygen in use" signs be placed for a resident's room?
on the inside and outside of the resident's door
Before beginning any procedure, check the resident's __________
identity
the usual path taken in a room or hallway
traffic pattern
the spread of different pathogens between two surfaces
cross contamination
a device or method used to limit the activity or aggressiveness that could be harmful to the resident or others
restraint
Give an example of a physical restraint
vest
wrist restraint
Give an example of a chemical restraint
medication that calms the resident
If a resident is restrained, where should the call light be?
within the resident's reach
Which part of the bed should a restraint be tied to?
the moveable part
Which part of a wheelchair should a restraint be tied to?
the kick spurs
How do you check if a vest restraint is on too tight?
place an open hand flat between the resident and the restraint
How often should a bedridden resident be repositioned?
at least every 2 hours
How often should a resident in a chair be have a restraint untied?
at least every hour