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223 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Hospitals provide ________ care...which is treatment for illnesses which come on suddenly and are usually of short duration
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acute
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___________ illnesses develop slowly and continue for long periods of time
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chronic
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____________ provides terminal care for the dying person to improve comfort and quality of life
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Hospice
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True or False: Long term care facilities are subject to inspections by the federal government, the state department of health, and local health and fire departments.
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True
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a group of professionals and non-professionals with special skills who work together to meet a resident's needs
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the Health Care Team
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a resident advocate who investigates complaints and helps achieve agreement between parties
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ombudsman
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the person who manages all departments within the facility and sets policies
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administrator
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a form used to identify the physical, mental, and psychological status of each resident
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Minimum Data Set (MDS)
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a written plan of action developed by the Health Care Team to meet each resident's highest functional, medical, nursing, mental, and psychosocial needs
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Comprehensive Care Plan (care plan)
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To whom does the CNA report changes in the resident's appearance, behavior, or mood?
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the nurse
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care that preserves function
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maintenance care
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care that stops disease or injury from happening
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preventative care
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care aimed at regaining health and strength
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restorative care
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physical activities of everyday life
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Activities of Daily Living (ADL)
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one who defends the rights of another
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advocate
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getting everyone from every department on all shifts working towards the same goals using compatible methods
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continuity of care
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paying attention to what is said in a conversation
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actively listening
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to exchange information
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communicate
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True or False: The CNA is an important member of both the Health Care Team and the Nursing Team.
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True
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Bathing, dressing, grooming, eating, elimination, transferring, ambulating, and communication are examples of providing the resident _________ care.
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daily
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Creating a home-like environment, developing trust, offering emotional support, and actively listening are examples of providing for the resident's ______________
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comfort
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Following infection control practices, reporting safety problems immediately, and performing procedures correctly are examples of providing for the resident's ___________.
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safety
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Observing and reporting changes in the resident, measuring vital signs accurately, and answering call lights immediately are examples of providing for the resident's __________ needs.
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health
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When should safety problems be reported?
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immediately
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Which call lights should be answered immediately?
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any of them
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What type of history check is done on a person choosing to become a CNA?
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criminal
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What type of TB testing is required for CNAs?
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Mantoux
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The Indiana CNA training program requires at least ______ hours of classroom training and ______ hours of clinical experience.
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30 classroom hours
75 clinical hours |
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A nursing assistant must pass both a __________ and ___________ test to become certified.
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written
skills |
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Performing your best, being loyal, being accountable, performing only duties legally permitted, and maintaining confidentiality are all examples of exhibiting ___________ behavior.
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ethical
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Report _____________ abuse or neglect to the nurse immediately.
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suspected
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True or False: To safeguard the resident's property includes not asking for an inheritence.
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True
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When and to whom should incidents or errors be reported?
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Immediately to the nurse
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A ________________ should list the tasks that a CNA is expected to perform.
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job description
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True or False: It is not necessary to present a positive personal image.
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False
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True or False: A CNA should wear little or no perfume.
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True
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How many hours of inservice education must a CNA be offered each year?
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at least 12 hours
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What is the minimum amount of work a CNA must do to maintain certification?
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at least one eight hour shift every twenty-four months (2 years)
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If a complaint of abuse is found to be valid, what happens to the CNA?
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the CNA will loose certification in all 50 states permanently
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If found guilty of neglect, what happens to the CNA?
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The CNA will not be allowed to work for 2-5 years.
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How often must a CNA be evaluated?
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yearly
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How often must your certification be renewed?
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every 2 years
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Who determines professional standards?
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State regulations
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To have confidence and faith in; to rely on
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trust
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the resident's means of communicating with staff to get help
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call light
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doing what is right according to the rules of conduct of a particular group
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ethical behavior
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being responsible for your own choices
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accountable
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to treat with courtesy and consideration
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respect
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keeping information secret
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confidentiality
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freedom from outsiders entering and watching without your consent
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privacy
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an act that causes harm
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abuse
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failure to act in a reasonable and caring manner
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neglect
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any unusual event (falls, theft, errors) that occurs in a health care facility
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incident
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up-to-date, proven and accepted ways of providing nursing care
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current nursing practices
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pressure or strain that disturbs a person's mental or physical well being
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stress
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opportunities for learning offered by an employer
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inservice education
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wrong doing that has been proven
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verified complaint
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What is the most important way the CNA assists the nurse and other members of the health care team to identify the needs of the residents?
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Observing and reporting
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the gathering of bits of information about a resident through the use of the senses and feelings
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observing
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What type of observation includes data available through the senses, ie. sight, sound, smell, and touch?
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objective observation
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What type of observation includes information reported by a resident about how he is feeling?
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subjective observation
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verbally informing the person in authority (the nurse) about the resident's care and what has been observed
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reporting
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To whom must reporting always be done?
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the nurse
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_________ reporting is usually done at the end of the shift.
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routine
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___________ reporting must be done at the time of the observation and includes dangerous or unusual observations or events
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Immediate
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the written account of a resident's condition
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documentation
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Is documentation considered legal and a permanent record?
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Yes
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Care can be legally considered done even if it wasn't documented. True or False
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False
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When must a resident's name be written on a chart form?
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Before anything else is written
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All written entries must be done in ________.
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ink
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True or False: Documentation must be done in chronological order.
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True
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True or False: Never document before a procedure is completed.
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True
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True or False: You may leave spaces or skip lines between entries in a chart...in order to prevent altering of a document
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False
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T or F: All entries must include date, time, and signature with title of who wrote the information.
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True
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How do you correct an error on a chart?
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Draw a single line through the error. Print "error"...then initial and date the correction.
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correct, exact
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accurate
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accountable by law for one's actions
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legally responsible
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the sequence in which events occur
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chronological order
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a shortened form of a word
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abbreviation
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the exchange of information and messages
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communication
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________ communication includes written or spoken words
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verbal
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_________ communication includes facial expressions, tone of voice, posture, gestures, and touch
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nonverbal
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True or False: What is observed may be more important than what is heard.
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True
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Is it best to be at eye level with a person to whom you are communicating?
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Yes
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It is acceptable to give your opinion to a resident
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No...give facts only unless specifically requested (then you must still be careful)
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Which is better, brief or long messages?
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brief
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What type of body language shows interest and concern?
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eye contact
leaning forward |
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True or False: It is ok to read a resident's mail if asked.
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True
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A person who is blind relies on ________ cues.
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verbal
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A person who is hearing impaired relies on ____________ cues.
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nonverbal
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the capacity to be even-tempered and calm
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patience
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the capacity to have respect and consideration for others
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courtesy
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a sense of what to do or say in order to maintain good relations with others and avoid offense.
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tact
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the ability to understand another's point of view and share in their feelings
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empathy
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T or F: It is ok to say "I know how you feel"
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False
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T or F: You do not need to include the resident in conversation if more than one CNA is assisting in care.
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False
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T or F: You do not need to verbally communicate with an unconscious resident.
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False
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T or F: The resident does not always need to be offered choice.
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False
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anything that hinders or blocks
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barrier
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values, beliefs and customs passed on from generation to generation by a group of people
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culture
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diminished function
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impairment
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diminished mental capacity for awareness and ability to make correct judgement
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cognitively impaired
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preventing the spread of microorganisms by following certain practices and procedures
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infection control
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Where are microorganisms?
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everywhere
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harmful microorganisms that may cause infection are called __________
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pathogens or germs
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Name four types of pathogens.
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bacteria
viruses fungi protozoa |
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The ________________ explains how pathogens move from one place to another.
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infection chain
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How many links are in the infection chain?
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six
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the causative agent (bacteria, virus, etc)
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pathogen
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the place where pathogens live and multiply, ie. on equipment, animals, etc.
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reservoir
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Describe the environment pathogens especially like
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warm, dark, moist
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the way pathogen leave the body...ie. via urine, salive, etc.
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portal of exit
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how pathogens travel, ie. through the air, etc.
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route of transmission
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the way pathogens get into the body, ie. mouth, nose, etc.
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portal of entry
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the person who can be infected by a pathogen
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susceptible host
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What type of persons are most likely to be susceptible hosts?
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very young;
elderly; those in poor health; those exposed to many pathogens |
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Breaking the chain of infection controls the ___________ of infection
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spread
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What is the best way to prevent the spread of infection?
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handwashing
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guidelines developed by the CDC to reduce the risk of transmission of pathogens
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Standard Precautions
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Standard Precautions says to consider WHO as potentially infectious?
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every person
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Which body secretion is not considered a source of infection?
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sweat
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What type of precautions are used for pathogens transmitted in dust particles in air currents?
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Airborne precautions
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Name 2 or 3 diseases that require airborne precautions.
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tuberculosis
chickenpox measles |
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What type of precautions are used for pathogens transmitted in droplets when a person coughs or sneezes?
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Droplet precautions
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Name 2 or 3 diseases that require droplet precautions.
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pneumonia
influenza scarlet fever |
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What type of precautions are used for pathogens transmitted by direct contact with the resident or indirect contact with surfaces or care items?
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Contact precautions
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Name 2 or 3 diseases that require contact precautions.
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conjunctivitis (pink eye)
scabies impetigo |
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a contagious disease of the liver caused by a virus
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hepatitis
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How is hepatitis spread?
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by exposure to infected blood, sexual contact, and fecal/oral contact
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Is there a vaccination for hepatitis?
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Yes
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a skin infection caused by a mite and spread by direct contact
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scabies
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How do you prevent the spread and re-infestation of scabies?
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by treating all contacts, bedding, and clothing
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a chronic bacterial infection that usually affects the lungs but may affect other body organs as well
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tuberculosis (TB)
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What does HIV do to the body?
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destroys the body's ability to fight infection
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How long can a person infected with HIV go without symptoms of AIDS?
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many years (up to 10 or more)
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bacterial infection that no longer responds to antibiotics normally used to treat staph infections
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MRSA
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How is MRSA often spread?
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on the hands of health care workers
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Should a CNA wash her hands before or after performing a procedure?
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both
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What should you do immediately after removing gloves?
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wash your hands
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Is it ever ok for a CNA to wear gloves in the hallway?
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Yes, only if the CNA has a rash, open sore, or is transporting an infectious person
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How should you carry linen?
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away from your uniform
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When should you consider blood, body fluids, or excrement contaminated?
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all the time
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a tiny living thing which can only be seen with a microscope
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microorganism
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microorganism capable of producing disease
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pathogen
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weakened or killed disease-producing organism taken orally or by injection to protect against disease
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vaccine
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skin test to determine past or present exposure to Tuberculosis
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Mantoux Test
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any piece of medical equipment that has the potential to cut or puncture the skin
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sharps
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an infection acquired during a stay at a health care facility
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nosocomial infection
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using chemicals or boiling water water to reduce the number of microorganisms
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disinfect
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process of killing all microorganisns
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sterilize
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What is the proper temperature (in general) for handwashing?
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warm water
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Washing your hands with hot water can have what effect?
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Hot water opens pores, which may cause irritation
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Why should you angle your hands lower than your elbows when washing your hands?
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The hands are most contaminated. Water should run from cleanest to dirtiest.
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When washing your hands, why should you use friction?
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Friction loosens skin oils and allows pathogens to be rinsed away
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For how long must you vigorously rub your hands with handwashing?
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minimum of 10 seconds
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Where are most pathogens on the hands?
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beneath the nails
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In which direction should you rinse your hands?
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from wrist to fingertips
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How do you turn the water off after washing your hands?
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with a clean paper towel
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What should you do with the paper towel used to turn off the faucet after rinsing your hands?
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throw it in the trash immediately
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Why do you check gloves for tears?
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damaged gloves do not protect you or the resident
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Where do you grasp the first glove being removed?
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on the outer surface just below the cuff
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Why do you pull off the first glove so that it is inside out?
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the dirtiest part of the glove is concealed
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How many fingers do you insert under the second glove when removing gloves?
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two
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What can happen if gloves are rolled or moved from one hand to another when removed?
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hands may become contaminated
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What is the last step to removing your gloves?
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washing your hands
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using the body properly to coordinate balance and movement
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body mechanics
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What are some of the benefits of good body mechanics?
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maximizes strength
minimizes stress prevents injury reduces fatigue promotes safety |
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What part of your body is your center of gravity?
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the pelvis
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What part of your body is your base of support?
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your feet
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How far apart should your feet be during a move?
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about 18 inches or shoulder width apart
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More friction under the feet increases or decreases stability?
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increases
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Avoid lifting, pushing, pulling, or sliding objects when possible?
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lifting
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What should you keep straight when using good body mechanics?
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your back
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Keep your load close or far away when carrying something?
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close
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Which muscles should you use to lift something?
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leg muscles
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Considering good body mechanics, what two things should you NEVER do at the same time?
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lift and twist
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What should you do to a wheelchair or bed for safety when moving a resident?
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Lock the wheels
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How should you always communicate when moving a resident?
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count to three
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Should you inhale or exhale during a lift?
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exhale
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Why should you tighten your abdominal muscles and pull in your stomach during a lift?
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supports your spine
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Why do you count to three with a move?
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allows you and the resident (or other workers) to move at the same time
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To whom and when should you report an injury?
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to the nurse immediately
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using the least amount of effort to accomplish a task
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efficient
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rubbing one surface against another
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friction
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to evaluate or check
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assess
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Keep traffic patterns ______ in resident's rooms and hallways
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clear
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When is it ok to run in the hallway?
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never
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What should you do if you find a frayed cord on an electrical appliance?
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report it; do NOT attempt to fix it
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Never use electrical equipment near what 2 things?
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water
oxygen |
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To whom and when should you report a potentially hazardous condition?
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to the nurse immediately
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Do ALL residents need visited frequently?
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yes
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Which side should a call light be on when someone is paralyzed?
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unaffected side
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When should call lights be answered?
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immediately
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Never turn a resident toward the side of the bed with the __________ ______
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siderail down
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Why should you never lean over a resident in bed to do any procedure?
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You risk discomfort, injury, and cross contamination
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What is the best type of footwear for a resident getting out of bed?
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rubber soled shoes
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How long should a resident sit on the side of the bed before standing when getting up?
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10-15 seconds
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Why should a resident sit for a few seconds before standing when getting up out of bed?
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to check for dizziness
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Never move a resident by grabbing him under the _______
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arm
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Where do you place a pillow when moving a resident up in bed? Why?
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against the headboard;
in case his head hits the headboard |
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How much should a resident help you?
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as much as possible
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When are siderails considered a safety aid?
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when raised while bed is up in a working height, ie when doing a bed bath
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When are siderails considered a self help device?
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when raised to assist the resident to move independently
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When are siderails considered a restraint?
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when used for the sole purpose of confining the resident in bed
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Is it ok to raise the siderails to constrain or confine a resident who you feel is becoming confused?
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No, you must tell the nurse...then the nurse must get a doctor's order
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Can a nurse or CNA decide to use a vest restraint on a resident who is trying to get up out of a chair without help?
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No, it requires a doctor's order
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What type of knot is used with a restraint?
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a quick release knot
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Name three signs of a restraint being too tight.
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numbness
tingling cyanosis |
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How often must you visit a resident who is restrained?
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at least every hour
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How often must a restraint be released and activity provided on a resident who is in bed?
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at least every 2 hours
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Where must "oxygen in use" signs be placed for a resident's room?
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on the inside and outside of the resident's door
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Before beginning any procedure, check the resident's __________
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identity
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the usual path taken in a room or hallway
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traffic pattern
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the spread of different pathogens between two surfaces
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cross contamination
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a device or method used to limit the activity or aggressiveness that could be harmful to the resident or others
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restraint
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Give an example of a physical restraint
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vest
wrist restraint |
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Give an example of a chemical restraint
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medication that calms the resident
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If a resident is restrained, where should the call light be?
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within the resident's reach
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Which part of the bed should a restraint be tied to?
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the moveable part
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Which part of a wheelchair should a restraint be tied to?
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the kick spurs
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How do you check if a vest restraint is on too tight?
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place an open hand flat between the resident and the restraint
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How often should a bedridden resident be repositioned?
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at least every 2 hours
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How often should a resident in a chair be have a restraint untied?
|
at least every hour
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