Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Asphasia (language loss)
|
The total or partial loss (a) of the ability to use or understand language (phasia); a language disorder resulting from damage to parts of the brain responsible for language
|
|
|
Blindness
|
The absence of sight
|
|
|
Braille
|
A touch reading & writing system that uses raised dots for each letter of the alphabet; the first 10 letters also represent the numbers 0-9.
|
|
|
Broca's Aphasia -or- Expressive Aphasia -or- Motor Aphasia
|
Difficulty expressing or sending out thoughts****Thinking is clear, they know what to say but have difficulty or can't speak the words. There are problems speaking, spelling, counting, gesturing, or writing. They may:
*omit small words is,and,of, the *speak in single words or short sentences -walk dog not i will take the dog for a walk *Put words in the wrong order-instead of bathroom they might say room bath *Think one thing but say another person wants book but asks for food *Call people by the wrong names *Make up words *Produce sounds and no words *Cry or swear for no reason |
|
|
Cerumen
|
Earwax
|
|
|
Deafness
|
Hearing loss in which it is impossible for the person to understand speech through hearing alone.
|
|
|
Expressive-Receptive Aphasia -or- Global Aphasia -or- Mixed Aphasia
|
Difficulty expressing or sending out thoughts and difficulty understanding language. This is a combination of both expressive & receptive** The person has many emotional needs. Frustration, depression, and anger are common. Communication is needed to function and relate to others. The person wants to communicate but cannot. Be patient & kind.
|
|
|
Hearing Loss
|
Not being able to hear the normal range of sounds associated with normal hearing
|
|
|
Low Vision
|
Eyesight that cannot be corrected with eyeglasses, contacts, drugs or surgery
|
|
|
Receptive Aphasia -or- Wernicke's Aphasia
|
Difficulty understanding language **Person has trouble understanding what is said or read. They may speak in long sentences that have no meaning. They may not be aware of their mistakes due to not understanding speech. People and common objects are not known or recognized. The person may not know how to use a fork, toilet, cup, tv, phone, or other items
|
|
|
Tinnitus
|
A ringing, roaring, hissing, or buzzing sound in the ears or head
|
|
|
Vertigo
|
Dizziness
|
|
|
AFB
|
American Foundation for the Blind
|
|
|
AMD
|
Age-related macular degeneration
|
|
|
ASL
|
American Sign Language
|
|
|
Hearing, Speech, and Vision
|
All 3 are important to communication, learning, and moving about. Also important for self-care, work, most activities, for safety and security needs. if you SEE dark clouds and HEAR tornado sirens-you know to seek shelter. With SPEECH you can alert others. Most people have some degree of hearing or vision loss. Common causes are: birth defects, accidents, infections, diseases, and aging.
|
|
|
Ears/Hearing
|
THE EAR FUNCTIONS IN HEARING AND BALANCE.
|
|
|
Common Ear Disorders
|
Otitis Media-
infection(itis) of the middle(media) ear(ot). often begins with infections that cause sore throats, colds, or other respiratory infections that spread to the middle ear. Viruses & bacteria are causes. This disorder is chronic or acute. It can damage the tympanic membrane (eardrum) or the ossicles (amplify sound received from the eardrum and transmit the sounc to the inner ear) These are all needed for hearing, permanent hearing loss can occur. Fluid builds up, pain and hearing loss occur so do fever and tinnitus. An untreated infection can travel to the brain and other structures in the head. Dr will order antibiotics, pain reliever, and may suggest drug to relieve congestion. Meiere's Disease- Involves the inner ear and is a common cause of hearing loss, usually one ear is affected. Symptoms include: veritgo, tinnitus, hearing loss, pain or pressure in the affected ear. There is an increase in fluid in the inner ear that causes swelling and pressure in the inner ear. Symptoms come on quickl |
|
|
How to communicate with persons who have hearing loss
|
33% of Americans age 65-74 have hearing problems
50% of Americans over 75 have hearing problems Hearing loss occurs in all age-groups, and hearing loss is more common in men than women. Clear speech, responding to others, safety, and awareness of surroundings require HEARING. Many people deny hearing problems and relate hearing loss to aging. **to avoid offending persons with hearing lost use terms like "deaf" and "hard of hearing" to describe them. "deaf-mute" or "hearing impaired offend persons who are deaf or hard of hearing. **DO NOT TRY TO REMOVE EARWAX-DO NOT INSERT ANYTHING INTO THE EAR-This is done by a doctor or nurse!! Never assume or pretend that you understand what the person says if you don't-it can cause serious problems. persons with hearing loss may wear hearing aids or lip-read, they watch facial expressions, gestures, and body language. Some learn sign language. Others have hearing assistance dogs that alert them to sounds. |
|
|
Common Speech Disorders
|
Speech is used to communicate with others. Speech disorders result in impaired or ineffective oral communication. Hearing loss, developmental disabilities and brain injury are common causes. Common problems are:
*Aphasia- is the total loss of the ability to use or understand language. It is a language disorder and results from damage to part of the brain responsible for language. Stroke, head injury brain infections and cancer are common causes. Most people who suffer with this are middle-aged adults and older. *Apraxia *Dysarthria |
|
|
How to communicate with speech impaired persons
|
For the person:
-ask them to repeat or rephrase statements if necessary -repeat what they said, ask if your understanding is correct -ask them to write down key words or the message -ask the person to point, gesture, or draw to communicate key words. For You: -Follow the care plan-need consistent approach -Provide a calm, quiet setting turn off radio, tv, music, ect -listen and give the person your full attention -Use short, simple sentences -repeat what you are saying as needed -Write down key words as needed -speak to them in normal adult tone. Don't treat or talk babyish or child-like -Ask the person questions to which you know the answers-this helps you learn how the person speaks -allow them time to talk -determine the topic being discussed,watch the person's lips movements -watch facial expressions, gestures, and body language-they give clues about what is being said -do not correct the person's speech |
|
|
Common Eye Disorders
|
Vision loss occurs at all ages. It can be sudden or gradual and can affect one or both eyes.
-Glaucoma damages optic nerve, eventual blindness occurs. they see through a tunnel. leading cause of vision loss in the U.S. it has no cure and damage can't be reversed. it can be controlled with drugs & surgery and prevent further damage to the optic nerve. *Cataracts Clouding of the lens. like trying to see through a waterfall. one or both eyes can be affected. sensitive to light, poor night vision, halos around lights, colors seem faded, blue & purple are hard to see cloudy, blurry or dimmed vision. caused by aging . surgery is the only treatment-the lens is removed and a plastic lens is implanted. *Age related Macular Degeneration blurs central vision or what is straight ahead, causes a blind spot in the center of vision. onset is gradual and painless-leading cause of blindness in persons over 60. It damages the macula in the center of the retina(receives light and sends message thru optic nerve)but normal si |
|
|
Assist blind or visual impaired person
|
Announce your presence first. Ask if you can assist before trying. Don't interfere with the arm holding the cane, let them store the cane. Do not pet, feed, or distract a guide dog-it can place the person in danger.
|
|
|
Corrective Lens
|
Clean them daily and as needed. Wash glass lens with warm water, dry them with a lens cloth or cotton cloth. Plastic lens scratch easily use special cleaning solutions & cloths. Glasses are costly, protect them from loss or damage. when not worn-put in their case and place case in top drawer of the bedside stand.
|
|
|
Contacts
|
Disposable ones are discarded daily, weekly, or monthly. Contacts are cleaned, removed, and stored to manuf instructions.
|
|
|
Quality of life
|
Hearing, Speech and Vision problems can interfere with quality of life. Adjustment is often long and hard. The focus is one's abilities. The health team promotes independence to improve quality of live. The person is allowed to control their life to the extent possible. they are encouraged to take part in the care planning process. Provide a safe & secure setting. follow care plan for specific safety measures. Always protect communication, hearing, and vision devices from loss or damage. Always treat person with dignity and respect. Refer to the person first, then the disability. do not pity the person, treat them like an adult, not a child. be patient, understanding, and sensitive to the person's needs & feelings.
|
|
|
Ocular Prosthesis
|
Eyeball was removed because of injury or disease. The person is fitted with an Ocular Prosthesis-this artificial eye doesn't provide vision, only matches the other eye in color and shape. the other eye may have normal, some or no vision. Some prosthesis are permanent implants, others are removable. if removable they are shown how to remove, clean and insert it. When removed, you must prevent chips and scratches, it MUST not fall on the floor or other hard surface. Always hold the eye over a towel or other soft surface. It is the resident's property-protect it from loss or damage.
|
