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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the Nervous System made up of?
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Brain, Spinal cord, nerves (100 billion)
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What does nervous system do?
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controls the body
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what are nerve cells called?
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neurons ....sends impulses
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In Neurons:
Dendrites? Axons? |
gray matter info processing personality, emotions, thinking. languages
info transmission to brain & rest of body |
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What are neurotransmitters
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chemicals that enable neurons to communicate w/ each other
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Name the 2 types of nervous systems
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Central, peripheral
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CNS (central nervous system) contains what?
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brain, spinal cord
CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) Meninges |
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3 MAIN parts of Brain?
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cerebrum
cerebellum brain stem |
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Cerebrum?
Cerebellum? Brain stem? |
cerebrum= higher brain function (thoughts, feelings, personality)
cerebellum= coordination, balance brain stem= automatic functions (breathing, heart rate, digestion) |
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PNS (peripheral nervous system) composed of what?
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12 Cranial Nerves
31 Spinal Nerves Sensory Receptors Autonomic (automatic) Nervous System |
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2 Divisions of PNS-->Autonomic Nervous System?
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Sympathetic, Parasympathetic
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What kind of behavior does the Sympathetic division cause?
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Excitement (fight or flight response)
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What behavior does the Parasympathetic division cause?
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restores normal body function
(slows HR, respiration, restores digestion) |
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What causes Increased Intracranial Pressure?
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trauma, inflammation/infection, bleeding tumors
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S&S of Increased Intracranial Pressure?
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abnormal pupil response, headache, vomiting, paralysis, convulsions, decreased LOC
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CNA responsibilities for Increased Pressure?
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report changes in LOC
assist w/ ADLs |
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TIA
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Transient Ischemic Attack
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What is a TIA?
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Temporary decreased blood flow to brain
Symptoms mimic stroke Sign of impending stroke |
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CVA
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Cerebrovascular Accident (stroke)
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What is a CVA?
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Loss of blood flow to brain tissue
Permanent damage |
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What causes CVA?
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occlusion (emboli)
Cholesterol plaque Aneurysm |
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Symptoms of Cerebrovascular Accident?
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hemiplegia (half-sided paralysis)
hemianopsia (half-sided blindness) dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) aphasia (difficulty understanding/speaking) |
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CNA care for stroke patients include?
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Prevent complications from immobility
ROM Pressure ulcer prevention Encourage communication |
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CVA (stroke) acronym F.A.S.T.?
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Face drooping
Arm/leg numb Slurred speech Time to call 911 |
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Parkinson's results from a deficiency of what?
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Dopamine
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Symptoms T.R.A.P.S.?
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Tremors--shaking
Rigidity--stiffness Akinesis--slowness Posture--slumping Slurred words **pill rolling, shuffling gait, SHAKING WHEN RESTING |
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Tx for Parkinson's disease?
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surgery, drugs (synthetic dopamine), therapy (maintain function)
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CNA care for Parkinson's?
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calm environment
ADL assistance Emotional support ROM exercises |
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Multiple Sclerosis cause?
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unknown, there is damage to myelin sheath though
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Symptoms of MS?
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loss of sensations
vertigo blurred vision/double vision muscle spasms paraplegia (both legs) INTENTION TREMORS (purposeful tremor) |
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Tx for MS?
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maintain optimum function as long as possible
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CNA care for MS patient?
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Prevent pressure ulcer complications
Prevent contractures ROM exercises emotional support prevent complications from immobility |
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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis what is it?
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Progressive neuromuscular disease
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