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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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why is CN I not a typical peripheral nerve?
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the glial cells are not Schwann cells - but olfactory ensheathing cells
does not enter the brainstem or have a brainstem nucleus |
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why is CN II not a peripheral nerve?
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origin cells are in the neural retina (part of the brain)
myelin made by oligodendrocytes |
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which CN is involved in MS?
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CN II - optic
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what are general features of cranial nerves?
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provide sensory and motor innvervation to head and neck
part of PNS instead of in spinal cord the cells are in nuclei of brainstem |
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why is CN XI unique?
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cell bodis are located in spinal cord gray matter of C1-5
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which CN are only sensory? What are the sensory functions?
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I olfactory - smelling
II optic - vision VIII vestibulocochlear - hearing and balance |
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which CN are only motor? What do they do?
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III oculomotor - eye movements
IV trochlear - eye movements VI abducens - eye movements XI accessory - head turning XII hypoglossal - tongue movement |
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which CN are motor and sensory? What are their functions?
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V trigeminal - S: face, mouth, meninges, taste, M: mastication
VII facial - S: back ear, taste, M: facial expression Glossopharyngeal - S: pharynx, taste, carotid pressure, M: stylopharyngeus X vagus - S:pharynx and meninges, M: swallowing and voice muslces |
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which CN have parasympathetic function?
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III oculomotor - pupillary constriction and accomodation
VII facial - salivation and lacrimation IX glossopharyngeal - salivation X vagus - heart, lungs, GI, aortic arch reflexes |
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what is the location of primary sensory neurons of CN I?
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olfactory epithelium
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what is the location of primary sensory neurons of CN II?
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retina
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what is the location of primary sensory neurons of CN V?
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trigeminal ganglion
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what is the location of primary sensory neurons of CN VII?
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geniculate ganglion
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what is the location of primary sensory neurons of CN VIII?
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spiral and vestibular (Scarpa's) ganglia
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what is the location of primary sensory neurons of CN IX?
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superior and inferior glossopharyngeal ganglia (jugular and petrosal)
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what is the location of primary sensory neurons of CN X?
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superior and inferior vagal ganglia (jugular and nodose)
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what do GSA and GSE fibers innvervate?
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skin and muscles derived from somites
GSA - general afferent (sensory) GSE - general efferent (motor) |
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what do SSA fibers inervate?
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SSA - special somatic afferents
special afferent special senses: vision, hearing, balance |
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what do SVA fibers innervate?
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SVA - special visceral afferents
special afferent special sense of taste |
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what do SVE fibers innervate?
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SVE - special viscerel efferent
innervate muscles from branchial arches - muslces of mastication (V), facial expression (VII), pharynx (XI), and larynx (X) |
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what fibers innervate muscles of eyes and tongue?
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they are general somatic muslces - innvervated by GSE
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what do GVA and GVE fibers innervate?
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GVA - general visceral afferent (motor)
GVE - general visceral efferent (sensory) innervation to autonomic ganglia |
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which CN carry preganglionic parasympathetic fibers?
To which ganglia do these fibers travel to? |
CN III - oculomotor - ciliary ganglion
CN VII - facial - pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglia CN IX - glossopharyngeal - otic ganglion CN X - vagus - terminal ganglia within or near organs |
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how do the postganglionic parasympathetic fibers travel to their targets?
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in the head postganglionic parasympathetic fibers are very short
travel with postanglionic sympathetic |
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what are features and what is the origin and course of postganglionic sympathetic fibers?
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very long, arise from superior cervical ganglion in sympathetic chain
reach targets by following carotid artery into head and then following peripheral branches of CN |
