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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
wind |
the movement of air caused by differences in air pressure |
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air pressure |
Force per unit area exerted on a surface by the weight of air above that surface in the atmosphere of Earth |
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Coriolis Effect |
the apparent curving of the path of a moving object from an otherwise straight path due to Earth's rotation |
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global winds |
movement of air over Earth's surface in patterns that are worldwide |
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jet streams |
narrow belts of high-speed winds that blow from west to east between 7 km and 16 km above Earth's surface |
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local winds |
the movement of air over short distances |
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ocean currents |
streamlike movements of water |
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surface currents |
ocean currents that occur at or near the surface of the ocean and are caused by winds |
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deep currents |
movement of ocean water far below the surface |
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convection |
the movement of matter due to differences in density |
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convection currents |
movement of water that results from density differences |
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upwelling |
the process in which winds cause warm surface currents to move away from the shore and warm surface water is then replaced by cold, nutrient-rich water from the deep ocean |
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density |
the amount of matter in a given space |
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salinity |
a measure of the amount of dissolved salts or solids in a liquid |
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continental deflection |
when the surface currents meet continents causing them to change direction |
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evaporation |
when a liquid is heated and changes to a gas; causes ocean water's salinity to increase |
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sea breeze |
a type of breeze that occurs during the day when air above land becomes warmer than air above water causing the colder, denser air over the water flow toward the land and push the warm air on the land upward |
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land breeze |
a type of breeze that occurs at night when cooler air on land causes a higher-pressure zone over the land so a wind blows from the land toward the water |
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valley breeze |
a type of breeze that occurs during the day when the sun warms the air along the mountain slopes faster than the air in the valleys causing uneven heating which results in areas of lower pressure near the mountain tops; the pressure difference causes the air to flow from the valley up the slopes of the mountains |
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mountain breeze |
a type of breeze that occurs during the night when the air along the mountain slopes cools and moves down into the valley |
