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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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do staphylococci like oxygen?
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they are all facultative anaerobes
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which staphylococcus is associated with infections of prosthetic devices?
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s. epidermidis. its polysaccharide capsule adheres to this and to that!
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name all s. aureus virulence factors, and describe the functions!
name all the toxins as well! |
protective proteins;
1 protein A: IgG binding 2 coagulase: allows fibrin forming around organism 3 hemolysins & leukocidins: destruction of blood cells 4 penicillinase tissue destructive virulence factors: 1) hyaluronidase - breaks down connective tissue 2) staphylokinase - fibrinolysis 3) lipase toxins: 1) TSST-1 2) enterotoxin - food poisioning 3) exfoliatin - scalded skin syndrome |
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name toxins secreted by s. aureus
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1) TSST-1
2) enterotoxin - food poisioning 3) exfoliatin - scalded skin syndrome |
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identify virulence factors of s. aureus
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protective proteins;
1 protein A: IgG binding 2 coagulase: allows fibrin forming around organism 3 hemolysins & leukocidins: destruction of blood cells 4 penicillinase tissue destructive virulence factors: 1) hyaluronidase - breaks down connective tissue 2) staphylokinase - fibrinolysis 3) lipase |
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clinical manifestations of s.aureus infection?
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toxin mediated:
1) gastroenteritis 2) Toxic shock syndrome (hypotension, fever, rash, desquamation of palms/soles, nausea and vomiting, watery diarrhea) 3) scalded skin syndrome direct tissue damage: 1) pneumonia 2) meningitis 3) osteomyelitis in children 4) acute endocarditis 5) septic arthritis 6) skin infection 7) sepsis/bacteremia 8) UTIs |
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how to treat s.aureus infections?
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1) penicillinase resistant penicillins (methicillin/oxacillin)
2) vancomycin 3) clindamycin |
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are UTIs caused by all three staphylococci?
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yes
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how to treat s. epidermidis and s. saprophyticus infections?
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s. epidermidis: vancomycin (this bacterium is very resistant to penicillin)
s. saprophyticus: penicillin |
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which staphylococci have capsules?
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s. aureus has a microcapsule, or so it is called!
s. epidermidis has one as well CMMRS says nothing about whether s. saprophyticus has one. |
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predisposing factors for s-aureus infections?
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surgery
foreign bodies - sutures, tampons neutropenia IV drug users CGD CF |
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double bucket disease?""
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your restaurant cook scratches his nose while preparing your food (typically rich foods). the staph aureus on his skin starts producing toxin. when the cook heats the food, the bacteria die, but the heat stable toxin remains, giving you a rapidly commencing gastroenteritis and vomit. --- double bucket!
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TSS
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exfoliating rash (particularily on palms and soles), shock and fever
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staph aureus diseases:
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TSS
gastroenteritis cellulitis/folliculitis/abscesses infective endocarditis impetigo pneumonia surgical infections osteomyelitis SOFT PAINS Skin infections Osteomyelitis Food poisoning Toxic shock syndrome Pneumonia (sputum slightly salmon colored) Acute endocarditis Infective arthritis Necrotizing fasciitis Sepsis |
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treatment of staph
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if gastroenteritis is toxin mediated, no ATBs!
test if it is MRSA! |
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which is the simplest way to distinguish staph and strep?
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catalase test
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