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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the aspects of Non-Probability sampling? |
1. Non random 2. Doesn't rely on Theory of Probability 3. Used to disprove rather than prove |
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What are some methods of of Non-Probability sampling? |
1. Accidental/Convenient sampling 2. Purposive sampling 3. Modal Instance sampling 4. Expert Sampling 5. Quota Sampling 6. Diversity Sampling 7. Snowball Sampling |
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What's Accidental/Haphazard/Convenient sampling? |
Units are chosen based on convenience |
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What's Purposive sampling? |
Units from a pre-specified group are sought out |
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What's Modal Instance sampling? |
Common Occurence; Frequently occurring units in initial population are focused on more closely for the study |
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What's Expert Sampling? |
Units of a high quality are sampled |
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What's Quota sampling? |
Sample until exact proportions of types/categories are fulfilled |
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What's diversity sampling? |
Opposite of Modal; units taken from throughout entire spectrum |
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What's Snowball sampling? |
Initial units identify what further units are needed |
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What are the methods of Probability Sampling? |
1. Simple Random Sampling 2. Stratified Random sampling 3. Systematic Random sampling 4. Cluster Sampling 5. Multi stage Random sampling |
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What's Simple Random Sampling? |
Every unit has an equal chance of selection |
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What's Stratified Random Sampling? |
Population of unit divided, then units randomly selected from each division |
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What's Systematic Random Sampling? |
Systematically select every Nth unit |
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What's Multi Stage Random Sampling? |
Hierachy; Combines multiple sample methods |
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What things make Non-Probability Sampling different from Probability sampling? |
- Inaccurate sample frame - Can't calculate sampling error - Sample size is a matter of convenience - Illustrative Generalisability |
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What things make Probability Sampling different from Non-Probability sampling? |
- Accurate Sample frame - Can calculate sampling error - Sample size determined by sample theory - Representative generalizability |
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What is a mean? |
Average of number set (All numbers added then divided by amount of numbers in set) |
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What is a Median? |
Middle number in the set |
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What is a Mode? |
Most Frequent Number in a set |
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What measurement is resistant to outliers? |
The mean |
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What's Cluster Area random sampling? |
Population split into clusters, all units within a few clustered are measured |
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What's a sample frame? |
Source material where the samples are drawn from |
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What's PICO and what's it useful for? |
Population // Intervention // Comparison // Outcome Structures a good research question |
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What's the difference between Cluster sampling and Stratified Random sampling? |
Cluster: Few clusters, all units Stratified: All clusters, few units each |
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What's a Pilot study? |
Initial test study before continuing through |
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What's Nominal Data? |
Basic Features (names/date/etc) Has no meaning |
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What's Ordinal Data? |
Has a clear order to the data, but still no meaning |
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What do Positive/Negative skews mean? |
Positive skew - Outliers are in the positive Negative Skew - Outliers are in the negative |
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What 1st, 2nd and 3rd range Standard deviations represent about Percentiles? |
1st Std Dev: 68% in that range 2nd Std Dev: 95% in that range 3rd Std Dev: 99% in that range |
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If the mean is 100, and the Std Dev is 10, where does 99% of the population lie? |
70 - 130 (Std Dev rank x Std Dev Number) (3 (99%) x 10 (Number) = 30 // 30 either way of 100 = 70 and 130) |
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What is a type 1 Error? |
False Positive (A man is pregnant) |
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What is a type 2 Error? |
False Negative (A pregnant woman isn't pregnant) |
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What's this? |
Positive Skew |
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What's this? |
Negative Skew |
