Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Where does the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA take place?
|
Mitochondria
|
|
|
Name the transporter that brings pyruvate from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix
|
Monocarboxylate Transporter
*Antiporter: Pyruvate for OH- |
|
|
What two carbohydrate metabolism enzyme complexes generate NADH and CO2?
|
1) Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
2) a-ketogluterate Dehydrogenase |
|
|
Name the three enzymes directly involved in the PDH complex
|
1) Pyruvate dehydrogenase
2) Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase 3) Dihydrolipyl dehydrogenase |
|
|
Name the PDH cofactor that accepts the acetyl group from pyruvate after its decarboxylation by pyruvate dehydrogenase
|
TTP
*formed from vitamin B1 |
|
|
What PDH enzyme reoxidizes lipoamide and forms NADH?
|
Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (E3)
|
|
|
Name the two enzymes that are involved in covalent modification of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
|
1) PDH Kinase (inactivates PDH)
2) PDH Phosphatase (activates PDH) *Both enzymes allosterically regulated |
|
|
Name the two allosteric activators of PDH Phosphatase
|
Mg2+ and Ca2+
|
|
|
What type of PDH regulation acts on a LOCAL basis?
|
Substrate activation and product inhibition (Direct regulation)
Ex: pyruvate activates PDH and acetyl CoA inhibits PDH |
|
|
Which three molecules are increased in PDH deficiency?
|
Pyruvate
Lactate (chronic lactic acidosis) Alanine |
|
|
What is the product of the oxidative reaction of the pentose phosphate pathway?
|
5-carbon sugar (ribulose 5-phosphate)
|
|
|
Which two enzymes catalyze the PPP oxidative reaction?
|
1) G-6-P dehydrogenase
2) 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase |
|
|
What does the non-oxidative reactions of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway accomplish?
|
Forms glycolytic intermediates from ribulose 5-phosphate
*F-6-P or Glyceraldehyde-3-P |
|
|
What is the most common human enzyme defect?
|
G-6-P Dehydrogenase Deficiency
* X-linked recessive disorder * Hemolysis induced by oxidative stress |
|
|
Name 2 ways PPP is regulated
|
1) NADPH inhibits G6PD
2) Increased insulin favors PPP (G6PD is an inducible enzyme) |
|
|
What molecule is produced in the PPP to facilitate fatty acid synthesis and other anabolic pathways?
|
NADPH
|
