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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are found as intraepithlial lymphocytes?
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T cells that express gammadelta receptors, resident and grumpy, only 5% of T cell population
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What help B cells, and allergy and helminthe immunity?
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Th2 cells
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What provides defense against intracellular pathogens?
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Th1 cells
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What provides defense against extracellular pathogens, autoimmunity and cancer?
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Th17 cells
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What is responsible for immunosuppression?
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Treg cells
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What interleukin inhibits Treg cells?
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IL-6
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What interleukins inhibit Th17 cells?
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IL-4 and IFNgamma
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What is the molecular interaction between T cells and Dendritic cells?
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Immunologic synapse
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What are 3 signal requirements for activation of CD4 and CD8 cells?
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1. interaction w/antigen and MHC
2. Costimulation 3. Cytokines |
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CD28 interacting with CD80/86 is an example of what type of signal?
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Signal 2
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IL-1 and other cytokines secreted by APC is what type of signal?
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Signal 3
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IL-1 is secreted from what?
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APCs
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IL-2 is secreted from what?
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CD4 cells in response to IL-1
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WHat are some of the functions of an activated macrophage? Th1 cells activated these macrophages.
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Intracellular killing
Antigen presentation Cytokine secretion Inflammation Wound healing |
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What are the 2 big functions of Th1 cells?
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1. Antigen-Specific
Activation of Macrophages 2. Chronic (mononuclear) inflammation |
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What migrate to B cell-dependent areas to assist with B cell activation?
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Th2 cells
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What inhibits proliferation of Th2 cells?
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IFN gamma from Th1 cell
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What inhibits production of IFN gamma?
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IL-10 from Th2 cell
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IFN gamma from Th1 cell activates what?
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macrophages
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IL4 and IL5 from Th2 cells activate what?
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Mast cells, B cells, and eosinophils
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How do Granzymes enter the cell?
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via receptor mediated endocytosis.
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How do Granzymes enter the cytoplasm?
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perforin-dependent mechanisms
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What is a pore-forming protein that is present in the granules of CTLs and NK cells?
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Perforins
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What is a serine protease enzyme found in granules of CTLs and NK cells?
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Granzymes
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What is is upregulated on target cells following g-IFN secretion by CTLs?
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Fas (death receptor)
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Binding of Fas on target cell to_________ on CTL leads to apoptosis of target cell
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FasL
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What assist in the generation of acute inflammation by secreting cytokines which promote, recruit and activate neutrophils?
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Th17 cells
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What is regulated by cell activity is regulated by Th2 cell cytokines (IL-10) and cytokines (TGFb) from other cells?
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TH1 cells
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What kill infected cells using perforin and granzymes, Fas-FasL interactions and lymphotoxin?
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CTLs
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What microbe has cell-mediated immunity via inhibition of phagolysome function?
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Mycobacteria
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What microbe has cell-mediated immunity via inhibition of antigen presentation?
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Herpse Simplex Virus
Ctyomegalovirus Epstein Barr |
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What microbe has cell-mediated immunity via inhibition of macrophage activation?
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Epstein Barr
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What microbe has cell-mediated immunity by blocking cytokine activation of effector cell?
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Pox Virus
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What is responsible for mast cell degranulation and coats helminthes?
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IgE released from B cell
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What is the role of activated eosinophils?
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destroy helminthes
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WHat acts on fibroblasts to increase collagen synthesis and fibrosis?
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IL-13
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What acts to activate Eosinophil cells?
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IL5
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What inhibits macrophage activation?
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Th2 cells
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What stimulates production of antibody isotypes that may neutralize microbes and toxins?
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Th2 cells
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What cells participate in Alternative Macrophage Activation?
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Th2 cells
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What activates phagocytes to eliminate ingested microbes, stimulate production of opsonizing and complement binding antibodies?
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Th1 cells
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What promotes recruitment of neutrophils and monocyes, may play a role in inflammatory disorders and involved in defense against bacterial and fungal infections?
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Th17 cells
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What activate phagocytes to destroy microbes residing in vesicle of phagocytes?
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CD4 cells
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What recognizes antigens derived from cytoplasmic bacteria and kill the infected cell?
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CD8 cells
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What is responsible for eliminating the reservoir of infection?
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CD8 cells
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What are cells of initiation of T cell responses?
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Dendritic cells
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What are cells of initiation and effector phase of cell-mediated immunity?
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Macrophages
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What cells display antigens to B lymphocytes in humoral immune response?
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Follicular Dendritic cells
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What are lymphocytes are the mediators of humoral immunity?
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B cells
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What lymphocytes are the mediators of cell-mediated immunity?
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T cells
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What lymphocytes are the cells of innate immunity?
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Natural Killer cells
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