Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is DNA look like
|
long chains of chemical bases along a sugar-phosphate backbone; the chains are joined in pairs by bounds between complementary bases and twisted around each other in a double helix.
|
|
|
What does DNA do?
|
the pattern of bases carries genetic information that directs all cell activities.
|
|
|
What is a Gene?
|
A segment of DNA that is responsible for physical and inheritable characteristics; also, the structure of a protein and RNA molecule.
|
|
|
What is a Chromatin made of?
|
It consists primarily of Chromosomes.
|
|
|
What is a Chromatin?
|
Generic material contained in the nucleus of a non-dividing call.
|
|
|
Chromosome
|
An organized structure of DNA and protein in cells that contains many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleoide sequences, and DNA-bound protein
|
|
|
Autosome
|
Any chromosome not considered to be a sex chromosome , or not involved in sex determination
|
|
|
Nucleolus
|
a dense body within the nucleus. composed of DNA, RNA, and protein molecules. |
|
|
What does the Nucleolus do?
|
It is the site for synthesis of Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
|
|
|
What does RNA stand for?
|
Ribonucleic Acid
|
|
|
What does RNA look like?
|
long single chains of chemical bases along a sugar-phosphate backbone.
|
|
|
What does RNA do?
|
they are transported from the nucleus into the cytoplasm, where they direct the formation of protein.
|
|
|
Organelle
|
A specialized part of a cell the performs a particular function.
|
|
|
Ribosome Organelle |
A granular cytoplasmic organelle composed of RNA. They provide enzymes that link amino acids for for protein synthesis. |
|
|
Mitochondrion Organelle |
A small rod shaped organelle that serves as the power plant of the cell. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is produced here.
|
|
|
Lysosome Organelle |
cytoplasmic particle that digests material that comes into the cell. called the Garbage disposal. |
|
|
Endoplasmic reticulum organelle |
A network of tubules that transports material through the cytoplasm and aids in the synthesis of proteins and lipids.
|
|
|
Golgi Apparatus Organelle |
A small membranous structure found in most cells that form carbohydrate side chains of glycoproteins. Primarily functions as a storage unit for newly formed secretory proteins. |
|
|
Cytoskeleton Organelle |
The cytoplasmic elements that coordinate the movement of organelles
|
|
|
Centriole Organelle |
An intercellular, rod-shaped body involved with cell division and organizing mitotic spindles. |
|
|
Cilium Organelle |
One of the numerous small, hair like extensions that move substances across the surface of a cell.
|
|
|
Flagellum Organelle |
A long Whip like extension from the cell that aids in movement. Only human cell that has a Flagellum is Sperm Usually on parasites. |
|
|
Mitosis
|
The division of somatic cell to form two cells, each identical to the patent cell.
|
|
|
What are the 4 stages of Mitosis?
|
Prophase (early or late) Metaphase anaphase telophase |
|
|
Meiosis
|
A type of nuclear division in which the number of chromosomes is reduced to half the number found in a normal body cell. It results in the formation of an egg or sperm |
|
|
Cytokinesis
|
Separation of the cytoplasm in to two cells after nuclear division occurred.
|
|
|
Diffusion
|
The movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration, a concentration gradient.
|
|
|
Osmosis
|
the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane in response to concentration gradient.
|
