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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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signs and signalment of CVI
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bunny hop, side to side paresis, weakness, uncoordinated, sitting funny
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large breeds
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treatment & prognosis for CVI
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radical surgery with plating, steel rods, fusion of bones
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Sx is limited in removal of symptoms, poor prognosis, will develop bone spurs later
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Dx and precautions of CVI
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severe flexion in radiographs but be careful not to damage spinal cord
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diagnosis tools for all neurological issues
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radiographs, MRI
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Myelogram, XR
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define IVDD
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Intervertebral Disc Disease
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define CP receptors
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concious proprioception is one of the first signs b/c this receptor is on the ouside of cord
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what make up the CNS?
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brain, spinal cord
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What makes up the PNS?
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cranial nerves, spinal nerves one they've left the spinal column
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common point for disc disease
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C4 - C5 or C5 - C6
L7 - S1 |
T13 - L1 - L2
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other names for CVI
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Cervical Vertebral Instability, Wobbler's syndrome
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term for bony spurs
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spondyles
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term for contricted holes
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stenotic foramen
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2 things to remember whern u see pt with central nailes files down
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check for CP
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do deep bone test and animal must respond with its head or its just a reflex arc and not reaching the brain
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cause of atlantoaxial instability
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the bony projection, dens, is missing or dystrophic, making C1, C2 junction unstable
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dens should be pointed not rounded and without creating extreme angle
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another term for dislocation
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subluxation
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what is degenerative myelopathy?
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disease of the spinal cord, thought to be immunological
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detereoration of the white matter in the cord with symptoms similar to Julian Barr syndrome in humans
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predisposition and symptoms of degenerative myelopathy
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german shepards
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first is loss of CP in back legs, then loose motor neuron control, can move to front but usually stays in rear legs
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Tx degeg. myel.
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not much, steroids help temporarily, progressive disease
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define and effects of spondylosis
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degenerative change, smooth edges with no destruction of vertebral bone
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reduced flexibility, can compress peripheral nerves, don't move well, not painful
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define spondylitis
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bacterial or fungal infection of vertebrae, eating away at the bone
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can be hemotogenis, blood borne
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signs of spondylitis
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spots on back will be painful, hot, swollen, pt may be pyretic
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most common route of infection is penetrating injury
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Tx spondylitis
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pain meds as appropriate, antimicrobial based on C+S
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antifungals have narrow range of safety
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describe the cauda equina
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end of spinal cord ends at the sacrum but nerve fibers, like a horses tail, continue down to lower organs unprotected.
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at lumbosacral junction you can get compression of nerve fibers, lameness in rear legs
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signs of cauda equina syndrome
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pain, reluctance to get up, not wagging or lifting tail, dragging toes, gluteal atrophy
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Tx cauda equina syndrome
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surgical; can be progressive Dz, steriods and analgesics can help
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signs and tx for Brachial Plexis Injury
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leg flops, muscle atrophy, cant move the leg
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injury to nerves or tumor, a motor problem, often amputate
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signs and predispositions for Diabetic Neuropathy
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obese, middle aged cats are high risk, also for liver dz
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common for cats to loose nervous sensation in rear legs and walk plantigrade
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causes of Deafness
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nerve damage, cochlear damage, chronic otitis, age, heredity-color linked
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causes of Megaesophagus
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acquired, hereditary in genes, congenital individual born with the difference but not ingherited
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