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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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flat, circumscribed area that is a change in the color of the skin; <1cm; freckles, flat moles, measles, petechiae, and scarlet fever
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macule
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elevated, firm, circumscribed area; <1cm; wart (veruca), elevated moles, lichen planus
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papule
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flat, nonpalpable, irregular shaped macule; >1cm; vitiligo, portwine stains, Mongolian spots, cafe au late spots
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patch
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elevated, firm, and rough lesions with flat top surface >1cm; psoriasis, seborheic and actinic keratoses
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plaque
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elevated, irregular shaped area of cutaneous edema; solid, transient, variable diameter; insect bites, urticaria, allergic reactions
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wheal
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elevated, firm, circumscribed lesions; deeper in dermis than a papule; 1-2 cm; erythema, nodosum, lipomas
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nodules
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elevated & solid lesion; may or may not be clearly demarcated; deeper than dermis, >2cm; neoplasms, benign tumor, lipoma, and hemangioma
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tumor
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elevated, circumscribed, superficial, not into dermis; filled with serous fluid; <1cm; varicella (chickenpox), herpes zoster (shingles)
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vesicle
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vesicle >1cm; blister, pemphigus vulgaris
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bulla
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elevated, superficial lesion; similar to a vesicle but filler with purulent fluid; impetigo, acne
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pustule
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elevated circumscribed, encapsulated lesion; in dermis or subcutaneous layer; filled with liquid or semisolid material; subaceous cyst or cystic acne
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cyst
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fine, irregular, red lines produced by capillary dilation; rosacea
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telangiectasia
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linear lesions produced by infestation of the skin and formation of tunnels
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burrow
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loss of the epidermis, linear, hollowed-out, crusted area; abrasion or scratch, scabies
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excoriation
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linear crack or break from epidermis to the dermis; may be moist or dry; athlete's foot, cracks in corner of the mouth
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fissure
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loss of part of the epidermis depressed, moist, glistening; follows rupture of a bulla or a vesicle; variola after rupture
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erosion
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loss of epidermis and dermis; concave; varies in size; decuiti, stasis ulcers
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ulcer
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drying of plasma or exudate on the skin; scab on abrasion or eczema
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crust
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thinning or absence of the epidermis or subcutaneous fat; striae, aged skin
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atrophy
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thickening of the epidermis seen with exaggeration of normal skin lines
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lichenification
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permanent fibrotic changes that occur on the skin following damage to the dermis
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scar
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hard plaque covering on ulcer implying extensive tissue necrosis
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eschar
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exaggerated CT response of injured skin
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keloids
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bleeding that occurs on the skin
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petechiae, purpura, or ecchymoses
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following a nerve or segment of body
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zosteriform (dermatomal)
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interlocking or coalesced circles
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polycyclic
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pink macules with purple central papules
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iris/target lesions
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snakelike or wavy line track
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serpiginous
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netlike or lacy
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reticulate
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margin of lesion shows greater activity than center
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active
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nonsmooth or notched margin
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irregular
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an erythematous border surrounds lighter skin
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central clearing
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central umbilication or dimpling
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punctuation
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Superficial spreading melanoma
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60-70%; flat with irregular border that is growing radially
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nodular melanoma
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15-30%; darker and thicker, rapid onset, blue-black or blue-red; vertical growth only
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lentigo maligna melanoma
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5%; large, flat, tan or brown; slowly evolving on sun damaged skin
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acral lentiginous melanoma
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uncommon except w/ asian and black populations; on soles, palms, beneath nail beds, irregular border (includes sublingual melanoma)
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desmoplastic melanoma
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1.7%; rare locally aggressive primarily on head and neck in elderly
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What are the 3 most important prognostic indicators for melanoma?
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nodal status, ulceration, and thickness (also age, sex, site, and level of invasion)
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What are the best survival predictors for stage 2&3?
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thickness and ulceration
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R middle lobe
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extends from 4th rib to 6th rib in the front of the body
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