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442 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
genome:
|
complete set of chromosomes derived from one parent.
|
|
|
geriatrics:
|
science of old age.
|
|
|
gestation:
|
related to pregnancy, i.e., 24 weeks gestational age.
|
|
|
gingivitis:
|
inflammation of the gums of the mouth.
|
|
|
glaucoma:
|
a disease of the eye characterized by increased pressure within the eyeball.
|
|
|
glomerulonephritis:
|
renal disease characterized by bilateral inflammatory changes of the glomeruli or filtering apparatus of the kidneys. Not the result of infection of the kidneys.
|
|
|
glossitis:
|
inflammation of the tongue.
|
|
|
gravida:
|
the number of times a woman has been pregnant
|
|
|
habitus:
|
the physical characteristics of a person.
|
|
|
hallux:
|
the great toe (the big toe).
|
|
|
hemangioma:
|
a proliferation of vascular endothelium that leads to a mass that resembles neoplastic tissue. A benign collection of vascular tissue.
|
|
|
hematemesis:
|
might expect to see bright red blood when a nasogastric tube is inserted and suction is applied.
|
|
|
hematochezia:
|
maroon or bright red stool related to a lower gastrointestinal bleed below the splenic flexure of the colon.
|
|
|
hematoma:
|
a localized mass of extravasated blood.
|
|
|
hematuria:
|
any condition in which urine contains blood or red blood cells.
|
|
|
hemianopsia:
|
loss of vision for one-half of the visual field in one or both eyes.
|
|
|
hemolysis:
|
destruction of red blood cells in such a manner that hemoglobin is liberated.
|
|
|
hemoptysis:
|
the spitting of blood derived from lungs or bronchial tubes.
|
|
|
hemostasis:
|
the arrest of bleeding.
|
|
|
hepatitis:
|
inflammation of the liver.
|
|
|
hepatojugular reflux:
|
sustained distention of jugular veins seen when, on physical examination, you press just under the liver for 20-30 seconds
|
|
|
hernia:
|
the protrusion of an organ or other structure through the wall of a cavity that normally contains it.
|
|
|
hirsutism:.
|
presence of excessive body or facial hair, especially in women
|
|
|
hydrocephalus:
|
condition marked by excessive accumulation of fluid dilating the cerebral ventricles.
|
|
|
hyperemesis:
|
excessive vomiting.
|
|
|
hyperemia:
|
presence of an increased amount of blood in a part; similar to erythema.
|
|
|
hypertrophy:
|
overgrowth; general increase in bulk.
|
|
|
hysterectomy:
|
removal of the uterus.
|
|
|
ibuprofen:
|
the chemical name of an anti-inflammatory which is sold by several companies and goes under the brand names of Motrin, Advil, Nuprin, etc.
|
|
|
ictal:
|
as in a post-ictal state. Refers to the condition of a patient after a seizure.
|
|
|
icterus:
|
jaundice.
|
|
|
ileus:
|
an obstruction of the intestines, can be due to lack of bowel motility or obstruction mechanically by a tumor or other hard substance.
|
|
|
immune:
|
resistant to an infectious disease.
|
|
|
impetigo:
|
streptococcal infection of the skin characterized by fragile vesicles or pustules that become confluent and rupture forming erosions with bright yellow crusts, a common condition in children.
|
|
|
incontinence:
|
the inability to control bodily functions including defecation, urination, also used to refer to emotional incontinence such as uncontrollable persistent crying.
|
|
|
induration:
|
process of becoming extremely firm or hard.
|
|
|
infarct:
|
an area of necrosis resulting from arrest or insufficiency of blood supply.
|
|
|
inflammation:
|
reaction of body tissues to injury as manifested by swelling, warmth and/or pain
|
|
|
influenza:
|
acute viral infection of the respiratory tract sometimes occurring in epidemics. In severe cases there may be secondary bacterial infection causing bronchitis or pneumonia. Note that hemophilus influenza is a bacterium. The flu shot is developed to combat whatever strains of influenza virus seem to present in the community at a given time.
|
|
|
intoxication:
|
conditions caused by intake of an excess of a drug or a poisonous substance.
|
|
|
intrapartum:
|
that period of time from the onset of labor until delivery
|
|
|
intussusception:
|
the infolding of one segment of intestine within another. Like a telescope.
|
|
|
ischemia:
|
local anemia due to mechanical obstruction to the blood supply.
|
|
|
jaundice:
|
yellow skin caused by deposition of bile pigment in the skin and mucus membranes, associated hyperbilirubinemia. Occurs most commonly in newborns or adults with liver disease.
|
|
|
jugular venous distention:
|
engorged appearance of jugular veins seen when pressure on the right side of the heart is elevated.
|
|
|
karyotype:
|
the chromosome characteristics of an individual or of a cell line.
|
|
|
keloid:
|
hyperplastic scar tissue.
|
|
|
keratin:
|
the protein which is the principal component of epidermis, hair, nails, horny tissues, and the enamel of the teeth.
|
|
|
keratitis:
|
inflammation of the cornea of the eye.
|
|
|
ketonemia and ketonuria:
|
the presence of ketone bodies in the blood and the urine as in diabetes mellitus or starvation.
|
|
|
kwashiorkor:
|
severe malnutrition due to dietary deficiency of protein not necessarily associate with calorie deficiency (e.g., in the tropics sugar cane may provide adequate calories but not protein).
|
|
|
kyphosis:
|
means hump-backed in Greek and refers to the abnormally increased of the thoracic spine which can occur with aging and with several types of disease, as in kyphotic spine.
|
|
|
labia:
|
pertaining to a lip, used for the mouth or the labia majora/minora in the female external genitalia.
|
|
|
labile:
|
unpredictably changeable
|
|
|
labyrinthitis:
|
inflammation of the labyrinth, otitis interna, a condition which often results in problems with balance and vertigo.
|
|
|
lacrimal:
|
pertaining to tears.
|
|
|
lanugo:
|
very fine, soft embryonic hair
|
|
|
laparoscopy:
|
examination of the interior of the abdomen using a laparoscope which is an endoscope which can be inserted through a small incision in the skin and interior abdominal wall.
|
|
|
last menstrual period (LMP)
|
: date of onset of the last menses
|
|
|
lethargy:
|
decreased alertness and excessive drowsiness
|
|
|
leukocyte:
|
any one of the white blood cells.
|
|
|
leukopenia:
|
a decrease in the normal number of circulating white blood cells.
|
|
|
leukoplakia:
|
white thickened patches of mucous membrane of the cheeks, gums, or tongue which cannot be rubbed off and sometimes show a tendency to fissure. This is common in smokers and can become malignant.
|
|
|
ligament:
|
a band or sheet of fibrous tissue generally connecting two or more bones.
|
|
|
lochia
|
: discharge from the vagina of mucous, blood, and tissue debris following childbirth.
|
|
|
dyspareunia:
|
pain in the sexual act.
|
|
|
dyspepsia:
|
indigestion or upset stomach.
|
|
|
dysphagia:
|
difficulty in swallowing.
|
|
|
dysphonia:
|
hoarseness or difficulty or pain in speaking.
|
|
|
dysphoria:
|
feeling of unpleasantness or discomfort.
|
|
|
dysplasia:
|
abnormal tissue development, i.e., cervical dysplasia on pap test.
|
|
|
dyspnea:
|
shortness of breath, "short-winded."
|
|
|
dystocia:
|
difficult childbirth.
|
|
|
dysuria:
|
painful urination.
|
|
|
eburneous:
|
who cares?
|
|
|
ecchymosis:
|
purplish patch caused by extravasation of blood into the skin, i.e., a bruise.
|
|
|
echocardiagram:
|
use of ultrasound to view the heart and valvular structures.
|
|
|
eclampsia:
|
is the occurrence of seizures superimposed upon the preeclampsia syndrome.
|
|
|
ectasia:
|
dilatation of a tubular structure.
|
|
|
ectopic:
|
aberrant or out of place, i.e., an organ which is not in its proper place. Example: ectopic pregnancy.
|
|
|
edema:
|
accumulation of an excessive amount of fluid in cells, tissues, or serous cavities, "swelling."
|
|
|
effacement:
|
refers to the softening and thinning of the cervix in preparation for dilation.
|
|
|
ejection fraction:
|
the amount of blood expelled from the ventricular cavity when the heart contracts in systole.
|
|
|
embolism:
|
obstruction or occlusion of a vessel by a transported clot of vegetation or other foreign material, i.e., pulmonary embolism.
|
|
|
embryo:
|
in man, the developing organism from conception until approximately the end of the second month. Generally referred to as fetal after this stage of development.
|
|
|
emollient:
|
soothing to skin or mucus membrane. An agent that softens the skin.
|
|
|
empiric:
|
founded on practical experience, but not proven scientifically.
|
|
|
empyema:
|
pus in a body cavity, generally referring to pus in the pleural cavity.
|
|
|
encephalitis:
|
inflammation of the brain.
|
|
|
encephalopathy:
|
any disease of the brain.
|
|
|
end-organ:
|
also called “target organ” – the organ on which a substance or process exerts its influence or action.
|
|
|
endarteritis:
|
an inflammation of the inner coat of the artery.
|
|
|
endocarditis:
|
inflammation of the endocardium or the lining membrane of the heart and heart valves.
|
|
|
endocrine:
|
secreting internally, most common in systemic circulation.
|
|
|
genome:
|
complete set of chromosomes derived from one parent.
|
|
|
geriatrics:
|
science of old age.
|
|
|
gestation:
|
related to pregnancy, i.e., 24 weeks gestational age.
|
|
|
gingivitis:
|
inflammation of the gums of the mouth.
|
|
|
glaucoma:
|
a disease of the eye characterized by increased pressure within the eyeball.
|
|
|
glomerulonephritis:
|
renal disease characterized by bilateral inflammatory changes of the glomeruli or filtering apparatus of the kidneys. Not the result of infection of the kidneys.
|
|
|
glossitis:
|
inflammation of the tongue.
|
|
|
gravida:
|
the number of times a woman has been pregnant
|
|
|
habitus:
|
the physical characteristics of a person.
|
|
|
hallux:
|
the great toe (the big toe).
|
|
|
hemangioma:
|
a proliferation of vascular endothelium that leads to a mass that resembles neoplastic tissue. A benign collection of vascular tissue.
|
|
|
hematemesis:
|
might expect to see bright red blood when a nasogastric tube is inserted and suction is applied.
|
|
|
hematochezia:
|
maroon or bright red stool related to a lower gastrointestinal bleed below the splenic flexure of the colon.
|
|
|
hematoma:
|
a localized mass of extravasated blood.
|
|
|
hematuria:
|
any condition in which urine contains blood or red blood cells.
|
|
|
hemianopsia:
|
loss of vision for one-half of the visual field in one or both eyes.
|
|
|
hemolysis:
|
destruction of red blood cells in such a manner that hemoglobin is liberated.
|
|
|
hemoptysis:
|
the spitting of blood derived from lungs or bronchial tubes.
|
|
|
hemostasis:
|
the arrest of bleeding.
|
|
|
hepatitis:
|
inflammation of the liver.
|
|
|
hepatojugular reflux:
|
sustained distention of jugular veins seen when, on physical examination, you press just under the liver for 20-30 seconds
|
|
|
hernia:
|
the protrusion of an organ or other structure through the wall of a cavity that normally contains it.
|
|
|
hirsutism:.
|
presence of excessive body or facial hair, especially in women
|
|
|
hydrocephalus:
|
condition marked by excessive accumulation of fluid dilating the cerebral ventricles.
|
|
|
hyperemesis:
|
excessive vomiting.
|
|
|
hyperemia:
|
presence of an increased amount of blood in a part; similar to erythema.
|
|
|
hypertrophy:
|
overgrowth; general increase in bulk.
|
|
|
hysterectomy:
|
removal of the uterus.
|
|
|
ibuprofen:
|
the chemical name of an anti-inflammatory which is sold by several companies and goes under the brand names of Motrin, Advil, Nuprin, etc.
|
|
|
ictal:
|
as in a post-ictal state. Refers to the condition of a patient after a seizure.
|
|
|
icterus:
|
jaundice.
|
|
|
ileus:
|
an obstruction of the intestines, can be due to lack of bowel motility or obstruction mechanically by a tumor or other hard substance.
|
|
|
immune:
|
resistant to an infectious disease.
|
|
|
impetigo:
|
streptococcal infection of the skin characterized by fragile vesicles or pustules that become confluent and rupture forming erosions with bright yellow crusts, a common condition in children.
|
|
|
incontinence:
|
the inability to control bodily functions including defecation, urination, also used to refer to emotional incontinence such as uncontrollable persistent crying.
|
|
|
induration:
|
process of becoming extremely firm or hard.
|
|
|
infarct:
|
an area of necrosis resulting from arrest or insufficiency of blood supply.
|
|
|
inflammation:
|
reaction of body tissues to injury as manifested by swelling, warmth and/or pain
|
|
|
influenza:
|
acute viral infection of the respiratory tract sometimes occurring in epidemics. In severe cases there may be secondary bacterial infection causing bronchitis or pneumonia. Note that hemophilus influenza is a bacterium. The flu shot is developed to combat whatever strains of influenza virus seem to present in the community at a given time.
|
|
|
intoxication:
|
conditions caused by intake of an excess of a drug or a poisonous substance.
|
|
|
intrapartum:
|
that period of time from the onset of labor until delivery
|
|
|
intussusception:
|
the infolding of one segment of intestine within another. Like a telescope.
|
|
|
ischemia:
|
local anemia due to mechanical obstruction to the blood supply.
|
|
|
jaundice:
|
yellow skin caused by deposition of bile pigment in the skin and mucus membranes, associated hyperbilirubinemia. Occurs most commonly in newborns or adults with liver disease.
|
|
|
jugular venous distention:
|
engorged appearance of jugular veins seen when pressure on the right side of the heart is elevated.
|
|
|
karyotype:
|
the chromosome characteristics of an individual or of a cell line.
|
|
|
keloid:
|
hyperplastic scar tissue.
|
|
|
keratin:
|
the protein which is the principal component of epidermis, hair, nails, horny tissues, and the enamel of the teeth.
|
|
|
keratitis:
|
inflammation of the cornea of the eye.
|
|
|
ketonemia and ketonuria:
|
the presence of ketone bodies in the blood and the urine as in diabetes mellitus or starvation.
|
|
|
kwashiorkor:
|
severe malnutrition due to dietary deficiency of protein not necessarily associate with calorie deficiency (e.g., in the tropics sugar cane may provide adequate calories but not protein).
|
|
|
kyphosis:
|
means hump-backed in Greek and refers to the abnormally increased of the thoracic spine which can occur with aging and with several types of disease, as in kyphotic spine.
|
|
|
labia:
|
pertaining to a lip, used for the mouth or the labia majora/minora in the female external genitalia.
|
|
|
labile:
|
unpredictably changeable
|
|
|
labyrinthitis:
|
inflammation of the labyrinth, otitis interna, a condition which often results in problems with balance and vertigo.
|
|
|
lacrimal:
|
pertaining to tears.
|
|
|
lanugo:
|
very fine, soft embryonic hair
|
|
|
laparoscopy:
|
examination of the interior of the abdomen using a laparoscope which is an endoscope which can be inserted through a small incision in the skin and interior abdominal wall.
|
|
|
last menstrual period (LMP)
|
: date of onset of the last menses
|
|
|
lethargy:
|
decreased alertness and excessive drowsiness
|
|
|
leukocyte:
|
any one of the white blood cells.
|
|
|
leukopenia:
|
a decrease in the normal number of circulating white blood cells.
|
|
|
leukoplakia:
|
white thickened patches of mucous membrane of the cheeks, gums, or tongue which cannot be rubbed off and sometimes show a tendency to fissure. This is common in smokers and can become malignant.
|
|
|
ligament:
|
a band or sheet of fibrous tissue generally connecting two or more bones.
|
|
|
lochia
|
: discharge from the vagina of mucous, blood, and tissue debris following childbirth.
|
|
|
dyspareunia:
|
pain in the sexual act.
|
|
|
dyspepsia:
|
indigestion or upset stomach.
|
|
|
dysphagia:
|
difficulty in swallowing.
|
|
|
dysphonia:
|
hoarseness or difficulty or pain in speaking.
|
|
|
dysphoria:
|
feeling of unpleasantness or discomfort.
|
|
|
dysplasia:
|
abnormal tissue development, i.e., cervical dysplasia on pap test.
|
|
|
dyspnea:
|
shortness of breath, "short-winded."
|
|
|
dystocia:
|
difficult childbirth.
|
|
|
dysuria:
|
painful urination.
|
|
|
eburneous:
|
who cares?
|
|
|
genome:
|
complete set of chromosomes derived from one parent.
|
|
|
geriatrics:
|
science of old age.
|
|
|
gestation:
|
related to pregnancy, i.e., 24 weeks gestational age.
|
|
|
gingivitis:
|
inflammation of the gums of the mouth.
|
|
|
glaucoma:
|
a disease of the eye characterized by increased pressure within the eyeball.
|
|
|
glomerulonephritis:
|
renal disease characterized by bilateral inflammatory changes of the glomeruli or filtering apparatus of the kidneys. Not the result of infection of the kidneys.
|
|
|
glossitis:
|
inflammation of the tongue.
|
|
|
gravida:
|
the number of times a woman has been pregnant
|
|
|
habitus:
|
the physical characteristics of a person.
|
|
|
hallux:
|
the great toe (the big toe).
|
|
|
hemangioma:
|
a proliferation of vascular endothelium that leads to a mass that resembles neoplastic tissue. A benign collection of vascular tissue.
|
|
|
hematemesis:
|
might expect to see bright red blood when a nasogastric tube is inserted and suction is applied.
|
|
|
hematochezia:
|
maroon or bright red stool related to a lower gastrointestinal bleed below the splenic flexure of the colon.
|
|
|
hematoma:
|
a localized mass of extravasated blood.
|
|
|
hematuria:
|
any condition in which urine contains blood or red blood cells.
|
|
|
hemianopsia:
|
loss of vision for one-half of the visual field in one or both eyes.
|
|
|
hemolysis:
|
destruction of red blood cells in such a manner that hemoglobin is liberated.
|
|
|
hemoptysis:
|
the spitting of blood derived from lungs or bronchial tubes.
|
|
|
hemostasis:
|
the arrest of bleeding.
|
|
|
hepatitis:
|
inflammation of the liver.
|
|
|
hepatojugular reflux:
|
sustained distention of jugular veins seen when, on physical examination, you press just under the liver for 20-30 seconds
|
|
|
hernia:
|
the protrusion of an organ or other structure through the wall of a cavity that normally contains it.
|
|
|
hirsutism:.
|
presence of excessive body or facial hair, especially in women
|
|
|
hydrocephalus:
|
condition marked by excessive accumulation of fluid dilating the cerebral ventricles.
|
|
|
hyperemesis:
|
excessive vomiting.
|
|
|
hyperemia:
|
presence of an increased amount of blood in a part; similar to erythema.
|
|
|
hypertrophy:
|
overgrowth; general increase in bulk.
|
|
|
hysterectomy:
|
removal of the uterus.
|
|
|
ibuprofen:
|
the chemical name of an anti-inflammatory which is sold by several companies and goes under the brand names of Motrin, Advil, Nuprin, etc.
|
|
|
ictal:
|
as in a post-ictal state. Refers to the condition of a patient after a seizure.
|
|
|
icterus:
|
jaundice.
|
|
|
ileus:
|
an obstruction of the intestines, can be due to lack of bowel motility or obstruction mechanically by a tumor or other hard substance.
|
|
|
immune:
|
resistant to an infectious disease.
|
|
|
impetigo:
|
streptococcal infection of the skin characterized by fragile vesicles or pustules that become confluent and rupture forming erosions with bright yellow crusts, a common condition in children.
|
|
|
incontinence:
|
the inability to control bodily functions including defecation, urination, also used to refer to emotional incontinence such as uncontrollable persistent crying.
|
|
|
induration:
|
process of becoming extremely firm or hard.
|
|
|
infarct:
|
an area of necrosis resulting from arrest or insufficiency of blood supply.
|
|
|
inflammation:
|
reaction of body tissues to injury as manifested by swelling, warmth and/or pain
|
|
|
influenza:
|
acute viral infection of the respiratory tract sometimes occurring in epidemics. In severe cases there may be secondary bacterial infection causing bronchitis or pneumonia. Note that hemophilus influenza is a bacterium. The flu shot is developed to combat whatever strains of influenza virus seem to present in the community at a given time.
|
|
|
intoxication:
|
conditions caused by intake of an excess of a drug or a poisonous substance.
|
|
|
intrapartum:
|
that period of time from the onset of labor until delivery
|
|
|
intussusception:
|
the infolding of one segment of intestine within another. Like a telescope.
|
|
|
ischemia:
|
local anemia due to mechanical obstruction to the blood supply.
|
|
|
jaundice:
|
yellow skin caused by deposition of bile pigment in the skin and mucus membranes, associated hyperbilirubinemia. Occurs most commonly in newborns or adults with liver disease.
|
|
|
jugular venous distention:
|
engorged appearance of jugular veins seen when pressure on the right side of the heart is elevated.
|
|
|
karyotype:
|
the chromosome characteristics of an individual or of a cell line.
|
|
|
keloid:
|
hyperplastic scar tissue.
|
|
|
keratin:
|
the protein which is the principal component of epidermis, hair, nails, horny tissues, and the enamel of the teeth.
|
|
|
keratitis:
|
inflammation of the cornea of the eye.
|
|
|
ketonemia and ketonuria:
|
the presence of ketone bodies in the blood and the urine as in diabetes mellitus or starvation.
|
|
|
kwashiorkor:
|
severe malnutrition due to dietary deficiency of protein not necessarily associate with calorie deficiency (e.g., in the tropics sugar cane may provide adequate calories but not protein).
|
|
|
kyphosis:
|
means hump-backed in Greek and refers to the abnormally increased of the thoracic spine which can occur with aging and with several types of disease, as in kyphotic spine.
|
|
|
labia:
|
pertaining to a lip, used for the mouth or the labia majora/minora in the female external genitalia.
|
|
|
labile:
|
unpredictably changeable
|
|
|
labyrinthitis:
|
inflammation of the labyrinth, otitis interna, a condition which often results in problems with balance and vertigo.
|
|
|
lacrimal:
|
pertaining to tears.
|
|
|
lanugo:
|
very fine, soft embryonic hair
|
|
|
laparoscopy:
|
examination of the interior of the abdomen using a laparoscope which is an endoscope which can be inserted through a small incision in the skin and interior abdominal wall.
|
|
|
last menstrual period (LMP)
|
: date of onset of the last menses
|
|
|
lethargy:
|
decreased alertness and excessive drowsiness
|
|
|
leukocyte:
|
any one of the white blood cells.
|
|
|
leukopenia:
|
a decrease in the normal number of circulating white blood cells.
|
|
|
leukoplakia:
|
white thickened patches of mucous membrane of the cheeks, gums, or tongue which cannot be rubbed off and sometimes show a tendency to fissure. This is common in smokers and can become malignant.
|
|
|
ligament:
|
a band or sheet of fibrous tissue generally connecting two or more bones.
|
|
|
lochia
|
: discharge from the vagina of mucous, blood, and tissue debris following childbirth.
|
|
|
abductor:
|
that which draws something in the direction away from the midline. The opposite of adductor.
|
|
|
ablation:
|
the removal of a part of the body, growth, or noxious substance.
|
|
|
abscess:
|
a circumscribed collection of pus, "a pus pocket."
|
|
|
achalasia:
|
failure to relax; referring especially to visceral openings, i.e., esophagus.
|
|
|
acromegaly:
|
a disorder marked by a progressive enlargement of the head, face, hands and feet, and thorax due to the excessive secretion of growth hormone.
|
|
|
acute:
|
rapid onset; having a short course.
|
|
|
adductor:
|
that which draws something toward the midline. Opposite of abductor.
|
|
|
adenoma:
|
an ordinarily benign neoplasm or growth of epithelial tissue, usually well circumscribed. The tumor cells form at glands or gland-like structures.
|
|
|
adipose:
|
fatty; relating to fat.
|
|
|
afterload:
|
the resistance to flow encountered in the systemic circulation.
|
|
|
ageneses:
|
absence; failure of formation of any part.
|
|
|
agranulocytosis:
|
condition characterized by pronounced reduction in the number of white blood cells specifically polymorphonuclear leukocytes, i.e., segs and bands.
|
|
|
akinesia:
|
absence or loss of the power of voluntary motion; immobility.
|
|
|
akinesthesia:
|
absence of the sense of the perception of movement.
|
|
|
alexia:
|
loss of the power to grasp the meaning of written or printed words and sentences.
|
|
|
alkalosis:
|
abnormally high alkali (bicarbonate) in the blood or other body fluids causing an increase pH.
|
|
|
alopecia:
|
baldness or loss of hair.
|
|
|
amaurosis:
|
blindness, especially that occurring without apparent change in the eye itself.
|
|
|
amenorrhea:
|
absence of menses, "no period."
|
|
|
amniocentesis:
|
transabdominal aspiration of fluid from the amniotic sack during pregnancy.
|
|
|
analgesia:
|
relief of pain.
|
|
|
anaphylaxis:
|
a significant allergic reaction following exposure to antigen in a subject previously sensitized to that specific antigen. This generally occurs very rapidly after exposure and often is accompanied by swelling, breathing difficulties, hypotension.
|
|
|
anemia:
|
a condition in which the number of red blood cells are less than normal. Often measured with a low hemoglobin or hematocrit (the low blood).
|
|
|
anencephaly:
|
marked defective development of the brain and bony structure usually with only rudimentary brain stem present. Generally not compatible with life.
|
|
|
angina pectoris:
|
literally, strangulation of the chest; a paroxysmal, constricting substernal pain of brief duration, which frequently accompanies myocardial ischemia.
|
|
|
angle closure:
|
narrowing of the angle formed inside the lateral aspects of the anterior chamber of the eye where the aqueous humor drains.
|
|
|
anorexia:
|
loss of appetite.
|
|
|
anoxia:
|
absence of oxygen in the blood or tissues.
|
|
|
antenatal:
|
period in pregnancy from the time of conception until the onset of labor (prenatal).
|
|
|
anticipatory guidance:
|
patient/family counseling which includes information, advice, and suggestions about expected health-related life occurrences, health maintenance, and preventive plans.
|
|
|
antigen:
|
a foreign protein that can cause an allergic reaction in a sensitized host.
|
|
|
anuresis:
|
absence of the act of urination.
|
|
|
aphasia:
|
impaired or absence communication by speech, writing, or signs due to brain disfunction in the dominate hemisphere.
|
|
|
apnea:
|
absence of breathing.
|
|
|
ascites:
|
accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity.
|
|
|
ataxia:
|
a loss of the power of motor coordination.
|
|
|
atelectasis:
|
compressed lung tissue with collapsed alveolar air spaces.
|
|
|
benign:
|
mild or noncancerous.
|
|
|
biparietal diameter:
|
used in fetal ultrasounds. Refers to the greatest transverse diameter of the head which extends from one parietal boss to the other.
|
|
|
blepharitis:
|
inflammation of the eyelids.
|
|
|
body mass index (BMI):
|
weight in kilograms divided by the height in meters squared.
|
|
|
bradycardia:
|
a slow heartbeat generally defined as a rate under 60 beats/minute.
|
|
|
breathlessness:
|
appropriate shortness of breath, e.g., following heavy exercise.
|
|
|
bronchiectasis:
|
an abnormal dilatation of the bronchus or the bronchial tubes.
|
|
|
bruit:
|
sound produced by disturbance in laminar blood flow through an artery.
|
|
|
bursa:
|
a closed sack lined with a synovial type membrane containing fluid usually found in areas of friction, i.e., where a tendon passes over a bone.
|
|
|
cachexia:
|
generally lack of nutrition and wasting.
|
|
|
calculus:
|
a stone-like concretion usually composed of salts of inorganic and organic acids or other material such as cholesterol (a stone).
|
|
|
carcinoma:
|
malignant neoplasm derived from epithelial tissue.
|
|
|
caries:
|
destruction or necrosis of teeth.
|
|
|
caseation:
|
necrosis in which the necrotic tissues resemble cheese. Contains a mixture of protein and fat. Occurs particularly in reference to tuberculosis.
|
|
|
causalgia:
|
persistent severe burning sensation of the skin; usually involves injury to the sensory fibers of the peripheral nerve.
|
|
|
chalazion:
|
chronic inflammatory granuloma in the tarsus of the eyelid due to the inflammation of the meibomian gland.
|
|
|
chorea:
|
a disorder characterized by irregular spasmodic involuntary movement of limbs and facial muscles.
|
|
|
chronic:
|
a condition that develops slowly and persists over time.
|
|
|
cirrhosis:
|
progressive disease of the liver with fibrosis and damage to the prankmul cells.
|
|
|
climacteric:
|
perimenopausal time of a woman's life "the change."
|
|
|
clonus:
|
a form of movement marked by contractions and relaxations of the muscle in rapid succession.
|
|
|
coffee ground emesis
|
: vomitus of coffee ground appearing particles that represents a upper gastrointestinalbleed that has occurred slowly enough for the gastric acid to denature the blood.
|
|
|
colic:
|
spasmodic pains in the abdomen. Generally described as spasms and is usually secondary to some degree of obstruction of a hollow organ.
|
|
|
colitis:
|
inflammation of the large bowel.
|
|
|
concussion:
|
any alteration in mental status induced by trauma.
|
|
|
confabulation:
|
the making-up of tales in a fluid fashion with no regard to facts or the question put forward. Generally seen in alcoholic CNS disease.
|
|
|
contusion:
|
bleeding and damage in the soft tissues, resulting from a direct blow injury.
|
|
|
crepitation:
|
crackling sound or sensation as would be produced by the rubbing together of irregular surfaces.
|
|
|
cul-de-sac:
|
a blind pouch or tubular cavity closed at one end.
|
|
|
curettage:
|
a scraping of the interior lining of a cavity, i.e., "D&C."
|
|
|
cyanosis:
|
a dark blue or purplish discoloration of the skin or mucus membrane secondary to deficiency of oxygenation to the blood.
|
|
|
cystitis:
|
inflammation of a bladder, i.e., "bladder infection."
|
|
|
degeneration:
|
gradual deterioration of normal cells and body functions.
|
|
|
dehiscence:
|
a bursting open, splitting, or gaping.
|
|
|
delirium:
|
extreme promental excitement with confused and unconnected ideas often with illusions or hallucinations.
|
|
|
delusion:
|
a false belief or wrong judgement.
|
|
|
dementia
|
: a general mental deterioration due to organic or psychological factors, i.e., Alzheimer's Disease (old-timer's disease).
|
|
|
depression:
|
mood disorder characterized by sadness and inability to experience pleasure.
|
|
|
dermatitis:
|
inflammation of the skin.
|
|
|
desensitization:
|
reduction of allergic sensitivity to a specific antigen, i.e., allergy shots.
|
|
|
diagnosis:
|
determination of the presence of a disease based on an evaluation of symptoms, signs, and test findings.
|
|
|
diastolic dysfunction:
|
stiffening or poor relaxation of the left ventricle which causes inefficient fillings.
|
|
|
dilation:
|
(in obstetric terms) is the enlargement of the transverse diameter of the cervical opening. In the non-pregnancy patient, it is less than 5mm; at complete dilation in labor, it is 10cm.
|
|
|
dissection:
|
in reference to the aorta, dissection occurs when the intimal layer of the vessel splits apart from the deeper muscle layers and blood flows into the tears apart the layers.
|
|
|
distal:
|
situated away from the center of the body or from the point of origin, i.e., the farthest away part (versus proximal).
|
|
|
distention:
|
swelling or stretching.
|
|
|
diverticula:
|
small pouches usually found extending from the wall of the colon.
|
|
|
dorsum:
|
the posterior or back part.
|
|
|
dysdiadochokinesia:
|
alternately moving a limb in the opposite direction, i.e., rapidly alternating movements.
|
|
|
dysentery:
|
a disease marked by frequent watery stools often with blood and mucus and characterized by pain, tenesmus, fever and dehydration.
|
|
|
dyskinesia:
|
difficulty in performing voluntary movements.
|
|
|
dysostosis:
|
defective bone formation.
|
|
|
colic:
|
spasmodic pains in the abdomen. Generally described as spasms and is usually secondary to some degree of obstruction of a hollow organ.
|
|
|
colitis:
|
inflammation of the large bowel.
|
|
|
concussion:
|
any alteration in mental status induced by trauma.
|
|
|
confabulation:
|
the making-up of tales in a fluid fashion with no regard to facts or the question put forward. Generally seen in alcoholic CNS disease.
|
|
|
contusion:
|
bleeding and damage in the soft tissues, resulting from a direct blow injury.
|
|
|
crepitation:
|
crackling sound or sensation as would be produced by the rubbing together of irregular surfaces.
|
|
|
cul-de-sac:
|
a blind pouch or tubular cavity closed at one end.
|
|
|
curettage:
|
a scraping of the interior lining of a cavity, i.e., "D&C."
|
|
|
cyanosis:
|
a dark blue or purplish discoloration of the skin or mucus membrane secondary to deficiency of oxygenation to the blood.
|
|
|
colic:
|
spasmodic pains in the abdomen. Generally described as spasms and is usually secondary to some degree of obstruction of a hollow organ.
|
|
|
colitis:
|
inflammation of the large bowel.
|
|
|
concussion:
|
any alteration in mental status induced by trauma.
|
|
|
confabulation:
|
the making-up of tales in a fluid fashion with no regard to facts or the question put forward. Generally seen in alcoholic CNS disease.
|
|
|
contusion:
|
bleeding and damage in the soft tissues, resulting from a direct blow injury.
|
|
|
crepitation:
|
crackling sound or sensation as would be produced by the rubbing together of irregular surfaces.
|
|
|
cul-de-sac:
|
a blind pouch or tubular cavity closed at one end.
|
|
|
curettage:
|
a scraping of the interior lining of a cavity, i.e., "D&C."
|
|
|
cyanosis:
|
a dark blue or purplish discoloration of the skin or mucus membrane secondary to deficiency of oxygenation to the blood.
|
|
|
cystitis:
|
inflammation of a bladder, i.e., "bladder infection."
|
|
|
degeneration:
|
gradual deterioration of normal cells and body functions.
|
|
|
dehiscence:
|
a bursting open, splitting, or gaping.
|
|
|
delirium:
|
extreme promental excitement with confused and unconnected ideas often with illusions or hallucinations.
|
|
|
delusion:
|
a false belief or wrong judgement.
|
|
|
dementia
|
: a general mental deterioration due to organic or psychological factors, i.e., Alzheimer's Disease (old-timer's disease).
|
|
|
depression:
|
mood disorder characterized by sadness and inability to experience pleasure.
|
|
|
dermatitis:
|
inflammation of the skin.
|
|
|
desensitization:
|
reduction of allergic sensitivity to a specific antigen, i.e., allergy shots.
|
|
|
diagnosis:
|
determination of the presence of a disease based on an evaluation of symptoms, signs, and test findings.
|
|
|
diastolic dysfunction:
|
stiffening or poor relaxation of the left ventricle which causes inefficient fillings.
|
|
|
dilation:
|
(in obstetric terms) is the enlargement of the transverse diameter of the cervical opening. In the non-pregnancy patient, it is less than 5mm; at complete dilation in labor, it is 10cm.
|
|
|
dissection:
|
in reference to the aorta, dissection occurs when the intimal layer of the vessel splits apart from the deeper muscle layers and blood flows into the tears apart the layers.
|
|
|
distal:
|
situated away from the center of the body or from the point of origin, i.e., the farthest away part (versus proximal).
|
|
|
distention:
|
swelling or stretching.
|
|
|
diverticula:
|
small pouches usually found extending from the wall of the colon.
|
|
|
dorsum:
|
the posterior or back part.
|
|
|
dysdiadochokinesia:
|
alternately moving a limb in the opposite direction, i.e., rapidly alternating movements.
|
|
|
dysentery:
|
a disease marked by frequent watery stools often with blood and mucus and characterized by pain, tenesmus, fever and dehydration.
|
|
|
dyskinesia:
|
difficulty in performing voluntary movements.
|
|
|
dysostosis:
|
defective bone formation.
|
|
|
dyspareunia:
|
pain in the sexual act.
|
|
|
dyspepsia:
|
indigestion or upset stomach.
|
|
|
dysphagia:
|
difficulty in swallowing.
|
|
|
dysphonia:
|
hoarseness or difficulty or pain in speaking.
|
|
|
dysphoria:
|
feeling of unpleasantness or discomfort.
|
|
|
dorsum:
|
the posterior or back part.
|
|
|
dysdiadochokinesia:
|
alternately moving a limb in the opposite direction, i.e., rapidly alternating movements.
|
|
|
dysentery:
|
a disease marked by frequent watery stools often with blood and mucus and characterized by pain, tenesmus, fever and dehydration.
|
|
|
dyskinesia:
|
difficulty in performing voluntary movements.
|
|
|
dysostosis:
|
defective bone formation.
|
|
|
dyspareunia:
|
pain in the sexual act.
|
|
|
dyspepsia:
|
indigestion or upset stomach.
|
|
|
dysphagia:
|
difficulty in swallowing.
|
|
|
dysphonia:
|
hoarseness or difficulty or pain in speaking.
|
|
|
dysphoria:
|
feeling of unpleasantness or discomfort.
|
|
|
dysplasia:
|
abnormal tissue development, i.e., cervical dysplasia on pap test.
|
|
|
dyspnea:
|
shortness of breath, "short-winded."
|
|
|
dystocia:
|
difficult childbirth.
|
|
|
dysuria:
|
painful urination.
|
|
|
eburneous:
|
who cares?
|
|
|
ecchymosis:
|
purplish patch caused by extravasation of blood into the skin, i.e., a bruise.
|
|
|
echocardiagram:
|
use of ultrasound to view the heart and valvular structures.
|
|
|
eclampsia:
|
is the occurrence of seizures superimposed upon the preeclampsia syndrome.
|
|
|
ectasia:
|
dilatation of a tubular structure.
|
|
|
ectopic:
|
aberrant or out of place, i.e., an organ which is not in its proper place. Example: ectopic pregnancy.
|
|
|
edema:
|
accumulation of an excessive amount of fluid in cells, tissues, or serous cavities, "swelling."
|
|
|
effacement:
|
refers to the softening and thinning of the cervix in preparation for dilation.
|
|
|
ejection fraction:
|
the amount of blood expelled from the ventricular cavity when the heart contracts in systole.
|
|
|
facia:
|
a sheet of fibrous tissue which envelopes the body beneath the skin.
|
|
|
fasciitis:
|
inflammation of the facia, i.e., plantar fascitis.
|
|
|
fasting:
|
no caloric intake for at least 8 hours
|
|
|
febrile:
|
relates to a fever (elevated temperature)
|
|
|
fenestration:
|
presence of openings, i.e., a fenestrated drape.
|
|
|
fetal heart tones:
|
the sound generated by the beating of the fetal heart which may be auscultated over the fundus.
|
|
|
fetus:
|
in man generally represents products of conception from the end of the eighth week to the moment of birth.
|
|
|
fibroma:
|
a benign neoplasm derived from fibrous connective tissue.
|
|
|
fibrosarcoma
|
: a malignant neoplasm derived from fibrous connective tissue characterized by immature prolifium fibroblast.
|
|
|
fibrosis:
|
scarring
|
|
|
fissure
|
: a deep furrow, cleft, or slit.
|
|
|
fistula:
|
a pathological sinus or abnormal passage leading from an abscess cavity or hollow organ to the surface or from one abscess cavity or organ to another, i.e., rectal/vaginal fistula - an opening from the rectum to the vagina.
|
|
|
flatulence:
|
a presence of an excessive amount of gas in the intestines or stomach.
|
|
|
folliculitis:
|
inflammation reaction in the hair follicles; generally with small pustules associated with each individual hair shaft.
|
|
|
friable:
|
tissue that is not strong and bleeds easily upon manual irritation.
|
|
|
fundus:
|
the portion of the uterus above the cervix which expands during pregnancy and contains the growing fetus
|
|
|
galactorrhea:
|
continued discharge of milk from the breast in intervals of nursing or after the child has been weaned; not involving stimulation of the nipples.
|
|
|
gastritis:
|
inflammation of the stomach.
|
|
|
gastroenteritis:
|
inflammation of the mucus membrane of both stomach and intestine; generally caused by a viral illness.
|
|
|
embolism:
|
obstruction or occlusion of a vessel by a transported clot of vegetation or other foreign material, i.e., pulmonary embolism.
|
|
|
embryo:
|
in man, the developing organism from conception until approximately the end of the second month. Generally referred to as fetal after this stage of development.
|
|
|
emollient:
|
soothing to skin or mucus membrane. An agent that softens the skin.
|
|
|
empiric:
|
founded on practical experience, but not proven scientifically.
|
|
|
empyema:
|
pus in a body cavity, generally referring to pus in the pleural cavity.
|
|
|
encephalitis:
|
inflammation of the brain.
|
|
|
encephalopathy:
|
any disease of the brain.
|
|
|
end-organ:
|
also called “target organ” – the organ on which a substance or process exerts its influence or action.
|
|
|
endarteritis:
|
an inflammation of the inner coat of the artery.
|
|
|
endocarditis:
|
inflammation of the endocardium or the lining membrane of the heart and heart valves.
|
|
|
endocrine:
|
secreting internally, most common in systemic circulation.
|
|
|
endometriosis:
|
a condition involving ectopic location of endometrial or uterine lining tissue outside the uterine cavity.
|
|
|
endometritis:
|
inflammation of the endometrium or uterine lining.
|
|
|
endophthalmitis:
|
inflammation of the internal structures in the eyeball.
|
|
|
engagement
|
: is the descent of the biparietal diameter of the fetal head into the pelvic inlet.
|
|
|
enteritis:
|
inflammation of the intestine.
|
|
|
epidermis:
|
the outer epithelial portion of the skin.
|
|
|
epigastrium:
|
referring to the upper central abdominal region, i.e., upper gastric pain.
|
|
|
epistaxis:
|
nosebleed.
|
|
|
erythema:
|
redness or inflammation of the skin.
|
|
|
eschar:
|
a thick, coagulated crust which develops after a burn to the skin.
|
|
|
esotropia:
|
"cross-eyed."
|
|
|
estimated Date of Confinement (EDC):
|
that point in time when labor might be reasonable expected.
|
|
|
estradiol:
|
the most potent naturally occurring estrogen in mammals.
|
|
|
etiology:
|
cause of a disease
|
|
|
euphoria:
|
a feeling of well-being commonly exaggerated and not necessarily well-founded.
|
|
|
eventration:
|
protrusion of intestine through an opening in the abdominal wall.
|
|
|
exanthem:
|
a skin eruption occurring as a symptom of an acute viral or coccal disease.
|
|
|
excitement:
|
what Pontiac builds.
|
|
|
exocrine:
|
glandular secretion that is delivered to the surface as opposed to endocrine.
|
|
|
extrasystole:
|
an ectopic or premature heartbeat.
|
|
|
extravasate
|
: to exude or pass out of a vessel into the tissues such as blood, urine or x-ray dye.
|
|
|
exudate:
|
a thick fluid with a high protein and leukocyte count.
|
