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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Interviewing is defined as what?
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"A conversation with a purpose"
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Types of clinical interviews
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1. Intake
2. Problem identification 3. Orientation |
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Why are intake interviews important?
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They establish a good relationship with the client
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What are orientation interviews used for?
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Used in research and for people undergoing procedures (the interview indicates what is to come)
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Categories of problem identification interviews
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a. Psychiatric interview (diagnose and identify problems)
b. Mental status examination |
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What are the strengths of structured interviews?
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1. Epidemiology studies
2. Standard data collection proced. 3. High reliability across interviewers and situations |
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What are the three stages in an interview?
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1. Establish relationship
2. Gather information 3. Termination |
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What is the most important aspect of an intake interview?
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Establishing a relationship
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What does establishing a relationship include?
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a. Establishing a rapport
b. Demystifying the therapy process c. Provide a comfortable atmosphere |
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What are good non directive techniques to gather information?
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Opened ended questions, paraphrasing, reflection
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What are the goals of verbal communication during an interview?
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To convey patience, concern, and acceptance
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When speaking with a client, what may be a good indicator of things that need to be investigated further?
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What a client says vs. how they say it
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What are the 10 major categories of the mental status examination
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Appearance, Orientation, Speech, Thinking (Cognition), Attention / Concentration and Memory, Intellectual Functioning, Emotional state, Special preoccupations & experiences, Insight and Treatment History
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A pervasive and sustained emotion that colors the person's perception of the world
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Mood
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Range of expression
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Affect
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Mood is what you ________.
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Feel
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Affect is what you _______.
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Look like
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Foundations for behavior our set when?
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In childhood
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What is the importance of intrapsychic drives?
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They are often out of awareness
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What are the mental structures of the psychodynamic approach?
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Id, Ego and Superego
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Pleasure principle
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Id
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Executive - reality principle
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Ego
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Internalization of societal norms - ego ideal
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Superego
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Too much superego and not enough id and ego = what?
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Depression
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Which psychodynamic structure helps you figure out what you are actually going to do?
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Ego
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What are the 5 developmental stages of the psychodynamic approach?
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Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency and Genital
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Psychodynamic stage age 0-1
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Oral stage: taking in
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Psychodynamic stage age 1-2
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Anal stage: elimination issues, letting go
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Psychodynamic stage age 2-7
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Phallic stage: Oedipal conflict
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Psychodynamic stage age 7-11
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Latency stage: period of quiescence (practicing)
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Psychodynamic stage age 11-adulthood
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Genital stage: sexual, find and bind to a mate
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Erick Erickson's psychodynamic approach
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Eight stages of man
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Alfred Adler's psychodynamic approach
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Individual psychology
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Carl Jung's psychodynamic approach
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Spiritual aspects
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Karen Horney's psychodynamic approach
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Female perspective
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Weaknesses of the psychodynamic approach
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Difficult to measure objectively, generalized from Freud's patient sample (neurotic Europeans), limited view of personality development post childhood
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Strengths of the psychodynamic approach
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Intensive study of a single individual, 1:1 assessment and treatment sessions, psychological causes of physical symptoms, behavior related to unconscious issues, importance of early childhood experiences, symbolic significance of dream imagery
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People of classical conditioning
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Pavlov, Wolpe and Watson
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People of operant conditioning
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B.F. Skinner
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People of social learning and cognitive behavioral theories
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Bandura and Beck
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Operant Conditioning
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Relationship between behavior and the contingencies of reinforcement
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Classical Conditioning
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Paring of stimuli
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Social Learning (Cognitive behavioral)
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Modeling
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Strengths of the behavioral approach
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Scientific view of behavior, operationally defined, measurable concepts, commitment to ongoing veal of efficacy of treatment, best hope for scientific behavior
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Weaknesses of the behavioral approach
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Mechanistic: stimulus-response, oversimplify complex problems, generalizability of animal studies to humans
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All human behavior is comprehensible (understandable) when viewed from the point of view of the individual
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Humanistic Phenomenological approach
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Whole is greater than the sum of its parts. Importance of the study of perception
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Gestalt Psychologists
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Validation of personal constructs
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George Kelly
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Self actualization theory
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Carl Rogers
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Parts of Carl Rogers' self actualization theory
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a. self-actualization (difficult to do)
b. Congruence vs incongruence c. Conditions of worth d. Unconditional positive regard |
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Strengths of the humanistic phenomenological approach
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Central role to individuality, emphasizes uniqueness of the individual, optimistic: emphasizes the positive, based on growth (becoming more positive)
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Weaknesses of the humanistic phenomenological approach
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Overemphasizes immediate conscious experience, is vague regarding developmental processes, concepts are often vague and difficult to empirically study & verify
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What should you ALWAYS rule out first when diagnosing?
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Biological causes
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What is diatheses?
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The presence of some type of biological defect
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What are the pros of adopting a single perspective?
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Organizes clinicians thinking about behavior, guides clinical decisions & interviews, communicate with colleagues in a common language
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What are the cons of adopting a single perspective?
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May become a "set of blinders" limiting openness to new ideas
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What is reaction formation?
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Doing the exact opposite of what your impulse is
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Type of displacement. Take the unacceptable impulse & put it on someone else
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Projection
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Impulse that is enacted somewhere else
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Displacement
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When you are not aware of what is being repressed
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Repression
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When you know that you are working to stop the impulse or memory
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Suppression
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Which type of memory often has a lot to do with sexual abuse?
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Repressed memory
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