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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Basic structural and functional unit of the kidney |
Nephron |
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The _____ is is highly impermeable to water |
Ascending loop of henle |
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Renal blood flow volume |
1200 ml/min |
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Renal plasma flow? |
600-700mL/min |
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Resembles a Sieve |
Glomerulus |
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Glomeruluz can filter plasma substances with MW of? |
<70,000 daltons |
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Why does Albumin(69,000Da) cannot pass through glomerulus |
Because of shield of negativity |
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What are the plasma substances that cannpasz through glomerulus |
Salts, Water, amino acids, glucose and urea |
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Renal threshold for glucose |
160-180 mg/dL |
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Major site of reabsroption of plasma substances |
Proximal convoluted tubules |
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Regulates water reabsorption |
Anti diuretic hormone |
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Regulates sodium reabsorption |
Aldosterone |
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Effects of angiotensin II |
Release of ADH and aldosterone, vasoconstriction, corrects renal blood flow |
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Where does renin being produced |
Juxtaglomerular cells |
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Inability to produce an acid urine |
Renal tubular acidosis |
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Used to evaluate glomerular filtration |
Clearance tests |
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Most common clearance test |
Creatinine |
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Gold standard clearance test |
Inulin |
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Creatinine clearance formula |
C=UV/P x 1.73m2/A |
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Variables in cockgroft and gault |
Age, sex and bodyweight in kg |
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Patient is deprived of fluid for 24 hours |
Fishberg test(obsolete) |
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Major organic substance in urine |
Urea |
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Major inorganic substance in urine |
Chloride |
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Principal salt in urine |
NaCl |
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For routine and qualitative UA |
Random specimen |
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Ideal specimen for routine UA and pregnancy test |
First morning |
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For routine screening and bacterial culture |
Midstream cleancatch |
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For bacterial culture |
Catheterized |
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Bladder urine for anaerobic bacterial culture and urine cytology |
Suprapubic aspiration |
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Specimen for prostatic infection |
Three-glass technique |
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How to determine prostatic infection in urine using 3 glass technique |
If the no. Of WBC and bacteria in the 3rd spx is 10x > 1st spx |
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What is the use of 2nd spx in 3d glass technique |
For control |
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Process that provides documentation of proper sample identification from the time of collection to the receipt of laboratory results |
Chain of custody |
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Required urine volume for drug specimen |
30-45 mL |
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Temperature of urine for drug specimen |
32.5 - 37.5 °c within 4 minutes |
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Least affected in unpreserved urine |
Protein |
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Preservative of choice for routine UA and urine culture |
Refrigeration |
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Use for culture transport of urine |
Boric acid |
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Excellent sediment preservative |
Formalin |
