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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List two examples of enveloped viruses
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HIV and herpesvirus
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There are five possible forms of the genetic material for viruses, what are they?
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1. dsDNA
2. ssDNA 3. dsRNA 4. ssRNA+ (mRNA) 5. ssRNA- |
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What is the only virus with two genome copies in its core?
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HIV
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What are the three stages to a virus life cycle?
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1. Attachment and entry
2. Replication of genome and protein synthesis. 3. Assembly and release of virions |
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What receptors does HIV target?
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CD4 and CCR5
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What two host polymerases may viruses hijack?
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DNA-dependent DNA polymerase
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase |
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Where in the cell do most DNA viruses replicate?
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In the nucleus
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Positive single stranded RNA viruses have RNA genomes that are similar to what?
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Our own mRNA molecules, so the proteins can directly be made from the viral genome.
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What is critically important about the life cycle of (+) RNA viruses?
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Their life cycle is completely cytoplasmic.
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(-) RNA viruses have a unique feature, what is it?
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The proteins can't be directly translated, but rather the (-) RNA is first copied to (+) RNA by a viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
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What type of replication cycle do retroviruses like HIV have?
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(+) RNA → ssDNA → integrated → (+) progeny and mRNA → proteins
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Which viruses get released from the cell by budding?
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Enveloped viruses.
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List five important DNA viruses.
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HAPPP: Herpesvirus, Adenovirus, Papilloma/polymavirus, Parvovirus, Poxvirus
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What is the smallest DNA virus?
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Parvovirus
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What are two important features of parvovirus infections?
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Rash/arthralgia (5th disease) and replication in erythroid precursors.
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What causes the rash symptoms of parvovirus infection?
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virus-specific IgG
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When can acute papilloma virus infection become life-threatening?
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Laryngeal infections in children can obstruct their airways.
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What does HPV E6 protein do?
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Think 356: E6 binds P53 preventing activation of CDK checkpoint protein in response to damaged DNA.
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What does HPV E7 protein do?
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It binds Rb, so factor Ef is always on.
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What is gardasil?
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A quadrivalent L1 coat protein vaccine for HPV 6, 11, 16, 18.
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What disease does Adenovirus cause?
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conjunctivitis
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