Clinical Knowledge Of Midwifery Practice

Front 1

Invasive placenta

Back 1

when the placenta adheres abnormally to the utreus. there is three types placenta accreta, placenta increata and placenta percreta.

Front 2

Diabetes

Back 2

inability to produce or use sufficient endogenous insulin to metabolize glucose properly. There is 3 types - type 1, type 2 and GDM

Front 3

Gestational diabetes mellitus

Back 3

carbohydrate intolerance that is first recognized during pregnancy.

Front 4

Pregnancy is a diabetogenic state because?

Back 4

Hyperinsulinemia - increased insulin production
increased tissue resistance to insulin

Front 5

GDM - signs and symptoms

Back 5

prior delivery of an infant greater then 9 pounds
macrosomia of the fetus
polyhydramnios
fruity odor to the breath
abdo pain, hypotension

Front 6

GDM - increased risk for maternal

Back 6

spontaneous abortion, PE, preterm labour, polyhydramnios, infection, diabetic ketoacidosis, C-Section, hypoglycemia

Front 7

GDM - increased risk for feotus

Back 7

Hyperglycemia - macrosomia, IUGR, intrauterine fetal death, delayed lung maturity, neonatal hypoglycemia, childhood obestity

Front 8

Obstetric cholestasis

Back 8

pregnancy hormones (particularly oestrogen) affect the liver by preventing the flow of bile into the intestines. So bile and other toxins accumulate in the bloodstream.

Front 9

Obstetric cholestasis - symptoms

Back 9

itchiness, Jaundice, dark urine or pale stools, urinary tract infections and exhaustion and sluggishness

Front 10

Obstetric cholestasis - complications postpartum

Back 10

Women who have had obstetric cholestasis have a slight risk of excessive bleeding and post-partum haemorrhaging during and immediately after childbirth

Front 11

Candidiasis or thursh - signs and symptoms

Back 11

vaginal irritation, vaginal discharge, yeasty odor, dysuria, dyspareunia.

Front 12

Chlamydia

Back 12

is a STI that is caused by a bacteria - like parasite.

Front 13

Chlamydia 0 signs and symptoms

Back 13

increased clear, white or yellow vaginal discharge
painful and frequent urination
dyspareunia
rectal pain or bleeding
neonatal conjunctivitis at birth to blindness

Front 14

Hep B - signs and symptoms

Back 14

chronic low-grade fever
anorexia
nausea and vomiting
skin rashes
or/ asymptomatic

Front 15

Hep B - in pregnancy

Back 15

preterm labour
can be transferred to foetus during 3rd trimester
Can be transferred neonatal
Breastfeeding is not contraindicated if the infant has been immunized.

Front 16

Hep C- signs and symptoms

Back 16

asymptomatic
chronic liver dysfunction

Front 17

Hep C and pregnancy

Back 17

low risk of transfer to fetus
Breastfeeding is not contraindicated unless nipples are cracked or bleeding

Front 18

HIV and pregnancy

Back 18

can be transfer to Fetus or neonate
Breastfeeding is not recommended due to chance of transfer.

Front 19

UTI - signs and symptoms

Back 19

urinary frequency
urinary urgency
dysuria
suprapubic tenderness

Front 20

Pyelonephritis

Back 20

bacterial infection of the kidneys. In most cases, the infection first develops in the lower urinary tract. If not diagnosed and treated properly, the infection may ascend from the urethra and genital area to the bladder, then to one or both kidneys.

Front 21

Pyelonephritis - signs and symptoms

Back 21

frequency (the need to urinate often);
urgency (the need to urinate immediately);
dysuria (painful urination); and
hematuria (blood in the urine).

Front 22

How Is Pyelonephritis Diagnosed?

Back 22

A urine test can determine whether your symptoms are the result of a kidney infection. identify whether white blood cells and bacteria are present. White blood cells casts mean that the kidney has been infected.