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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Clinical psychology |
subspecialty focused on study of human behavior and mental processes, systematic research methodologies, assessment and measurement of psychological constructs, Character of the individual |
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clinical approaches |
Nomothetic and Idiographic |
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Nomothetic |
Populations |
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Idiographic |
individuals |
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Professional activities |
Treatment (#1), research, assessment, consulting, teaching, administration |
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Wilhelm Wundt |
Leipzig: first psy. lab |
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General Paresis |
Paralysis from syphilis |
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Charcot and mesmer |
Hypnosis |
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Lightner and witmer |
first psych. clinic, use of clinical approach |
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Clinical Approach |
Combine research with indiv. assessment to help a particular person |
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Clinical psychologist must have |
strong interest in human beings, honesty, integrity, emotional stability |
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Mental health literacy |
Accurate understanding of psychological disorers |
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Most common disorders |
anxiety, mood, impulse control, substance abuse |
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Most frequent activity |
Therapy |
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Binet |
mental ability, Iq testing |
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Witmer |
Strong debt to psycho analysis |
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Most common interview |
Intake |
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Projective test |
Predictive |
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Deviation IQ |
100 average, +/- 16 SD |
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What do psychological tests measure |
Intellectual functioning. Personality. Attitudes, interests, preferences. Abilities |
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Intel testing |
General characteristics vs. Constellation of intellectual abilities, g vs s, spearmen |
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Test construction |
Analytical method. Empirical method. Sequential method |
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Empirical method of test construction |
Identify items that correlate with behavior. Administer items. Identify items that best discriminate characteristic |
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Verbal IQ scales |
Information, similarities, vocab., arithmetic, comprehension, digit span, generally left hemisphere |
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Performance IQ scales |
Picture completion, object assembly, picture arrangement, symbol search, block design, right hemisphere |
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Boulder model |
scientist-practitioner model, proficiency in research and professional practice, earn phd and then intern |
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phenomenological approach |
personal view of individual |
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Objective tests |
over-generalize, pencil & paper, more difficult to take, MMPI |
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projective tests |
ambiguous, unstructured, interpreted by clinician. |
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MMPI validity scales |
groups of items designed to detect test-taking attitudes and distortions |
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MCMI |
MMPI alternative, lower reliability, still popular |
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Systematic desensitization |
gradual reduction of anxiety, relaxation techniques |
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heath psychology |
psychological influences on how people stay healthy, why they become ill, how they respond to illness |
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general adaptation syndrome |
Hans selye, alarm reaction, stage of resistance, stage of exhaustion |
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alarm reaction |
release of stress hormones and endogenous opiates |
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Stage of resistance |
if prolonged- muscle damage |
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stage of exhaustion |
organ systems break down |
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immunosuppression |
stress causes lowered effectiveness of immune system, greater risk of illness |
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coping strategies |
problem focused, emotion focused |
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problem focused coping |
males, work related stressors |
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emotion focused coping |
family and uncontrollable problems |
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social support |
buffer model, social competence model |
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buffer model |
support acts as buffer to neutralize effects of stress |
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social competence model |
particular characteristics of person reduce stress |
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group therapy for breast cancer patients |
increases life expectancy |
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miscommunication with physician |
primary cause o noncompliance |
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noncompliance interventions |
education,modify treatment plan to make compliance easier, b-mod techniques (contingency contracts, token economy) |
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neuropcychology |
define relationships between brain processes and behavior and psychological functioning |
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aristotle |
mind is in heart, brain is radiator |
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galen |
localized mind in brain |
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franz gall |
phrenology |
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pierre florens |
localization of function (parts of the brain have particular functions), sheep and pigs |
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karl lashley |
equipotentiality (other brain processes can compensate for deficits) |
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Paul Broca |
Broca's area |
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ward halstead |
assessment that reliably differentiates between brain damaged and normal people |
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halstead-reitan |
most widely used neurological assessment |
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alexander luria |
integration of function |
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brain stem |
tone, waking state |
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posterior cortex |
sensory information |
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anterior cortex |
planning and regulating mental operations |
