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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Dislocation of Acriomioclavicular joint |
-acromion process normally superior -however in this case we will see an abnormally superior distal clavicle -most superior aspect of upper limb
-coracoclavicluar ligament may be damaged as well
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Glenohumeral joint capsule damage |
-head of humerus is anterior and inferior to normal joint -sensory deficits over superolateral portions of arm -subscapularis - anterior aspect of scapula attaches anterior to humeral head -axillary nerve at risk |
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anular ligament radial dislocation |
-guarding elbow, elbow flexed, forearm is pronated
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Colles fracture |
-fall forward onto wrist -wrist extended forearm and hand shaped like dinner fork
-distal radius damaged
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Motorcycle accident (Erb duchenne palsy) |
-sensory loss and difficulty raising arm -arm adducted and medially rotated (deltoid, and infraspinatus, supraspinatus injured, teres minor) (axillary nerve, suprascapular) paralysis- arm abduction elbow flexion(1/5) supination (3/5) (biceps brachii, brachioradialis) (supinator, biceps brachii ) (musculocutaneous, radial nerve) sensory loss: superolateral arm, posteriolateral arm and posteromedial arm, and posteriolateral forearm (axillary nerve, radial nerve)
(C5, C6) superior trunk, (c5-c6) |
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Carpal tunnel |
-wasted thenar eminence (abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, flexor pollicis brevis) pain on lateral palm Thenar flexion, extension, abduction, opposition Paresis: 2nd and 3rd digit metacarpophalangeal joint flexion and interphalangeal joint extension (lumbricals--> 1 ans 2 branches of median nerve, palmar interossei, dorsal interossei)
lumbricals 3 and 4 innervated by ulnar nerve
Sensory loss- anteriolateral half of hand, anterior medial half of hand, posterior distal end of digits 123 and half of 4 |
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Extensor hood(an expansion) |
an expansion of the extensor digitorum tendon, which anchors to the palmar plate (anterior connective tissue) |
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Pain in index finger after a cat bite |
5th digit swollen, held in slight flexion, tender with palpation palm and wrist were swollen paresthesia of thumb opposition (3/5)
bursa in hand will spread through sheaths
-Tenosynovitis
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Where will the blood flow around the scapula? |
dorsal scapular artery, surprascapular artery, and circumflex scapular artery |
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ER presentation impailed by arrow chest/shoulder through pec major/minor lacerating axillary artery what biomechanical deficit might he suffer
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protracting scapula |
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automotive collision compound proximal fraction ulna where would you put turnquet |
brachial artery of arm |
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When interossei contract... |
MCP joints flex and IP joints extend due to extnsor hood |
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The intricasies of flexion extension of digits Palmar Vs Doral Interossei |
Palmar -flex MCP and extend the IP joints -Adduct -1 head each - 3 muscles -Ulnar nerve Dorsal -flex MCP and extend IP -abduct -2 heads each 4 muscles ulnar nerve |
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All sheaths besides the |
middle 3 digit sheath does not communicate with common flexor sheath |
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If the radial artery is damaged with a fall on scaphoid bone it could become |
necrotic and painful |
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What are nutrient vessels? |
red blood cells, wbcs and platelets are produced in the marrow of long bones and enters ciculation via nutrient veins |
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Suprascapular nerves and vessles |
-deep and protected - to damage these you would have to go very deep near superior scaplula - if damaged you would lost supraspinatus muscle and infraspinatous muscle movement - no sensory loss |
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Axillar nerve/posterior circumflex humeral arteries |
-bundle is vulnerable during shoulder dislocation and fracture to surgical neck of humerus - if damaged you would have motor loss of deltoid and teres minor - you might see atrophy of deltoid - sensory loss to posteriolateral arm where deltoid is |
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Radial nerve/deep brachial artery damage |
vulnerable during midshaft humeral fractures -motor loss- extensors in arm and forarm --sensory loss-entire back of hand and arm and forarm |
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Median nerve/brachial vessels (arm only) |
bundle vulnerable during trauma to medial aspect of arm - anterior flexors except flexor carpi ulnaris -1st and second lumbricals -thenar eminence -Skin of palmar side of thumb, the index finger, middle finger and half of ring finger -skin on anterolateral forearm - nails beds of fingers mentioned
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Ulnar nerve/ulnar vessels |
medial aspect of distal forearm and carpus - sensory- little finger and half of ring finger supplies palmar side of these fingers and both the front and back of the tips
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In the forarm the ulnar nerve innervates |
flexor carpi ulnaris flexor digitorum profundus (medial half) |
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IN the hand the deep branch of ulnar nerve innervates |
hypothenar muscle -opponens digiti minimi -abductor digit minimi -flexor digiti minimi -dorsal interossei -palmar interossei adducto pollicis flexor pollics brevis
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Anterior interrosseus nerve and artery |
-this bundle is vulnerable to trauma to the midline of hte forearm |
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Proper palmar digital arteries and nerves |
laceration of lateral palmar aspect of all digits |
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Compartment syndrome |
-pressure in compartment rises and blood flow may be cut off - when pressure reaches diasatolic pressure 20-30mm Hg fasciotomy performed
-pain out of proportion to injury - paresthesias - pain with stretching muscle in compartment |
