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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Whole blood |
Composed of fluid and cellular components |
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Plasma |
Fluid portion of whole blood |
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Erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes |
Compose cells of whole blood |
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Plasma |
Fluid portion of blood in which cells are suspended 90% water and 10% dissolved proteins, hormones, lipids, enzymes, salts, carbohydrates, vitamins, electrolytes, and waste materials |
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Serum |
Fluid portion of blood with fibrinogen removed Derived when whole blood has been allowed to clot |
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Heparin |
Available in sodium, potassium, lithium, and ammonium salts Good choice for plasma samples because there is little interference with chemical assays; use at 20 units/mL of blood |
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Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) |
Anticoagulant of choice for hematological tests because it has little effect on morphology DO NOT use for chemical assays of plasma |
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Sodium fluoride |
Glucose preservative with some anticoagulant properties Useful when running glucose assays and blood will not be processed quickly. Prevents continued metabolism of glucose by RBCs in sample |
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75 |
More than ___% of golmeruli of both kidneys must be nonfunctional before elevations in chemistry values occur |
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Creatinine |
By-product of muscle metabolism that is produced at constant rate and filtered out almost entirely by glomeruli Used to evaluate glomerular function Sample: serum/plasma, hemolysis doesn't influence results, bilirubinemia will cause false increases |
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Urea (Urea nitrogen) |
End product of protein metabolism and is excreted primarily by kidneys Up to 40% reabsorbed by tubules for reexcretion Evaluates glomerular filtration and renal function Sample: serum/plasma |
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Glycosuria (glucosuria) |
Exists when blood glucose levels exceed renal threshold for absorption of glucose in proximal convoluted tubules Sample: freshly voided, midstream sample; catheterized/cystocentesis; 1st morning urine preferred because of higher SG |
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Amylase |
Enzyme that acts to break down complex starches and glycogen Sample: nonlipemic serum or heparinized plasma, hemolysis may elevate values |
