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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How is clindamycin administered?
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orally, parenterally and topically
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What is the mechanism of action of clindamycin?
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inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunit
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What is the coverage of clindamycin?
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wide range of aerobic gram+ cocci, and some anaerobic gram + and gram -
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Which organisms are resistant to clindamycin?
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enterococci & gram negative
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What diseases are clindamycin useful for?
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osteomyelitis because good bone penetration
toxoplasma encephalitis |
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Which tissues does clindamycin have good penetration?
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bones
good at crossing placenta |
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What are side effects associated with clindamycin?
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pseudomembranous colitis
(also rashes, GI, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) |
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Name the streptogramins
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dalfospristin
quinupristin (used together called synercid) |
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What mechanism do streptogramins use?
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inhibit protein synthesis
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What is syncercid used for?
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vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium, and complicated skin infections due to MRSA, MSSA, and multi drug resistant streptococci
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How are streptogramins administered?
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IV
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What side effects are associated with streptogramins?
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hepatotoxicity, nausea/vomiting, pain, pruritus, rash
inhibit P450 drug metabolizing system |
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What are streptogramin contraindications?
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breast-feeding, children, hepatic disease, pregnancy, hypersensitivity
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Name the oxazolidinone
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linezolid
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What is the activity of the oxazolidinone?
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aerobic gram +
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What mechanism does the oxazolidinone use?
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inhibits protein synthesis by interfering with translation by binding to 50s subunit
**also a reversible, non-selective inhibitor of monoamine oxidase |
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What is oxazolidinone used for clinically?
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bacterial pneumonia, skin infections, vancomycin-resistant enterococcal, MRSA
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how is oxazolidinone administered?
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IV or oral
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What is half life of linezolid?
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4.26-5.4 hours
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How is linezolid metabolized?
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oxidative
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What side effects are associated with linezolid?
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diarrhea, headache, n/v, insomnia, constipation, rash, dizziness, fever, superinfection
MAO inhibitor |
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What are contraindications of linezolid?
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hypersensitivity
pheochromocytoma |
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linezolid can have drug interactions with which drugs?
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beta blockers, general anesthetics, local anesthetics, sympathomimetics, MAOIs, heterocyclic antidepressants, tricyclic antidepressants, SSRIs
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