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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What antibiotics work at 30s?
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AT
Aminoglycosides Tetracyclines |
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What antibiotics work at 50s?
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LMC
Lincosamides Macrolides Chloramphenicol |
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Which antibiotics are bacteriostatic?
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LCM ATS
Lincosamides Marcolides Chloramphenicol Aminoglycosides (C+S) Tetracyclines Sulfonimides |
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What antibiotics can be used for gram + organisms?
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Everyone except the Am Metro
Aminoglycoside Metronidazole CANNOT do gram + |
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What antibiotics can be used for gram - organisms?
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FACS
Fluorquinolones Aminoglycosides Choloramphenicol Sulfonimides |
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What antibiotics can you use for anaerobic organisms?
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Metro LCP
Metronidazole Lincosamides Chloramphenicol Penicillins - esp clavamox |
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What type of organism is most likely to cause a UTI? What antibiotics would you choose to treat this?
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E. Coli
Clavamox, Amoxicillin |
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What type of organisms are likely to cause superficial pyoderma? What antibiotic would you choose to treat this?
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B-lactamase + Staph
First generation Cephalosporins |
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What antibiotics have good penetration into tissues?
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Lincosamides
Macrolides Rifamycins Phenols Sulfonamides Metronidazole |
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What antibiotic would have best penetration into the lungs?
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Fluoroquinolones
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What antibiotics are the best for bovine respiratory pathogens?
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Cetiofur (1st generation cephalosporin) and Florphenicol (phenicol)
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Which antibiotics should NOT be used in horses?
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Vancomycin
Lincosamides Macrolides (adults - colitis) Florphenicol |
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What antibiotics should be avoided in young animals?
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Tetracyclines - stain teeth
Fluorquinolones - cartilage damage |
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What antibiotics are used for Tick-borne diseases (Ehrlichia, Ricketssia, Borrelia)
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Tetracycline/doxycycline
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What antibiotics can be used for toxoplasma?
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Clindamycin
Sulfonamides |
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What antibiotics can be used for coccidia?
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Sulfonamides
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What antibiotics would you use for Chlamydia or Mycoplasma?
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ET has Chlamydia!
Erythromycin Tetracycline |
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What are the side effects of Penicillins/cephalosporins?
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Rare anaphylaxis
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What are the side effects associated with Vancomycin?
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Renal toxic
Illegal in food animals |
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What are the side effects associated with Aminoglycosides?
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Renal toxicity
Ototoxicity NMJ blockage Long withdrawal time in food animals Inactivated in acidic material - necrotic/purulent |
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What are the side effects associated with Lincosamides?
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Fatal diarrhea esp in horses
NMJ blockage |
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What are the side effects associated with Chloramphenicol?
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Bone marrow toxicity
Illegal in food animals Inhibits hepatic CP450 |
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What are the side effects associated with Macrolides?
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erythromycin enhanced ability to cause vomiting
Don't use in adult horses - colitis |
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What are the side effects associated with Tetracyclines?
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Outdated products cause...
Renal tubular damage inhibited protein synthesis Yellow teeth Bind calcium - be careful w/ IV infusion |
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What are the side effects associated with Sulfonamides?
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Renal tubular damage
KCS IMHA ITP Hepatotoxicity Carcinogenicity - cannot use in food animals |
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What are the side effects associated with Fluoroquinolones?
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Cartilage damage
Retinal damage in cats Limited use in food animals - Baytril (Enrofloxacin) only |
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What are the side effects associated with Metronidazole?
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Vestibular syndrome
Carcinogenicity in lab animals - limited used in food animals |
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What antibiotics are highly protein bound?
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Clindamycin (Lincosamide)
Doxycycline Sulfonimides |
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Why do we only use aminoglycosides once per day?
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Dose dependent
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What antibiotics are excreted unchanged in urine?
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Penicillins and cephalosporins
Aminoglycosides Tetracyclines |
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Why is it important to know if an antibiotic is excrete unchanged in urine?
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High concentrations in urine enhances the antibiotic spectrum when treating UTI and you might need to adjust the dose in renal failure
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Which is a better choice to treat Lyme disease in a animal with CRF, Tetracycline or Doxycycline?
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Doxycycline because it is eliminated through the GI tract. Tetracycline is excreted unchanged in urine.
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What drugs can you only give parenterally?
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Aminoglycosides
2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins Extended spectrum penicillins Vancomycin |
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What is the MoA of Enrofloxacine (Fluoroquinolones)?
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Inhibits DNA gyrase
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What is the MoA of Sulfonimides?
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Block bacterial synthesis of folate
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How long should you treat a patient receiving prophylactic antibiotics after a surgery such as an orthopedic procedure?
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Give before and during procedure
Continue for 24hrs after (no benefit beyond this) |
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Why are lincosamides are bad choice tor treating bacterial meningitis?
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Highly protein bound and fast CNS elimination
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What antibiotic reduces the bioavailability of fluoroquinolones?
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Cholamphenicol
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What is the most important resistance mechanism in gram - bacteria?
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B-lactamase
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What is the MoA of Metronidazole?
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UNKNOWN!!
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