Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Coag factor names:
x,xi,xii,xiii |
stuart
plasma thromboplastin antecedent hageman fibrin stabilizing factor |
|
|
Measures extrinisic factors that are K dependant
(i,ii,V,Vii,x) Monitor warfarin |
Prothrombin time
|
|
|
Drawn in blue top, have correct ratio of blood to anticoag, not older than 12 hours
|
Prothrombin time
|
|
|
INR of prothrombin
|
2-3
|
|
|
Interfere with Prothrombin time
|
Long-alcohol,diarrhea
Short-fat diet,benadryl |
|
|
Used post hip/knee surgery,a fib,PE,DVT,TIA
Slow acting Reversed with Vit. K |
Warfarin(Coumadin)
|
|
|
Measures intrinsic system (all factors but iii and vii)
Monitor Heparin |
Partial Thromboplastin time(PTT)
|
|
|
Interfere with PTT
|
short - malignancy
long - antihistamine,vit.c,salicylates |
|
|
Short lived
Inactivates prothrombin by acceleration of antithrombin Checked with PTT every 6 hours |
Heparin
|
|
|
Inhibits conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
Replaced by D-dimer Inc'd in thromboembolic conditions |
Fibrin Split Products
|
|
|
Most specific test of DIC
Inc'd in DIC,PE,DVT Produced by the break down of fibrin by plasmin |
Fibrin D-dimers
|
|
|
90min to 6 hours
Primary/secondary fibrinolysis detected |
Euglobin Lysis Time
|
|
|
Associated with primary fibrinolysins-measured by euglobin lysis time
|
proteins in malignancies/shock/sepsis and secondarily work on fibrin thru fibrinogen
|
|
|
Associated with secondary fibrinolysins-measured by euglobin lysis tim
|
proteins in normal response to blood clotting and primarily work on fibrin
|
|
|
Adults 200-400
<100 results in spontaenous bleeding Acute phase reaction protein Part of common coagulation cascade |
Fibrinogen
|
|
|
Low levels of this in large volume blood transfusions
|
Fibrinogen
|
|
|
NL 8-12 sec
Plasma sample + thrombin Assesses final stage of cascade Used to detect Heparin,dec'd fibrinogen, or evaluation of prolonged PTT |
Thrombin time
|
|
|
Pt who easily bruises has a short or long prothrombin time?
|
Long
|
|
|
NL 18-22 sec
Pit viper venom used in Thrombin time test |
Reptilase time
|
|
|
Natural occuring anticoagulant, inactivates thrombin
Deficiency may lead to thrombosis |
Antithrombin iii
|
|
|
Deficiencies in these two proteins can lead to hypercoaguable states and thromboembolic disease.
|
S and C they are Vit k dependant
|
|
|
Involves excessive repetitive bleeded
Congenital or acuired |
Bleeding disorders
|
|
|
Lab tests for bleeding disorders
|
CBC,platelet,bleeding time, PT,PTT,TT
|
|
|
Dec'd number of platelets
|
thrombocytopenia
|
|
|
Common in children with URI
Onset of petechiae/purpura Dec'd platelets Resolves spontaneously |
Acute idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura(ITP)
|
|
|
More common in women, autoimmunity present
Dec'd platelets Tx:corticosteroids,gamma globulin |
Chronic ITP
|
|
|
Prolonged PTT,PT,TT
Dec'd platelets,fibrinogen Shistocytes on smear Inc'd D-dimer Widespread deposition of thrombi |
Platelet consumption syndrome(DIC)
|
|
|
Key symptom is bleeding
Treat underlying cause Use FFP to replace clotting factors Ddimer test,Fibrin split products |
DIC
|
|
|
rare,fatal
Severe thrombocytopenia with purpura Hemolytic anemia Neg. Coombs Tx:corticosteroids,FFP,plasmapheresis |
Thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura (TTP)
|
|
|
Associated with Ecoli
In children, Similiar to TTP, limited to kidney |
Hemolytic uremic syndrome
|
|
|
Pregnancy induced-(preeclampsia/eclampsia,htn)
Abnormal prostaglandin metabolism Reversed by delivery |
Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets (HELLP)
|
|
|
Congenital or acquired
Acquired from ASA/NSAID use Seen in alcoholism NL platelet count with abnormal bleeding times tx:dialysis,discontinue drug use |
Platelet dysfunction
|
|
|
X-linked
Excessive bleeding everywhere Prolonged PTT,PT Factor viii reduced |
HEmophilia A
|
|
|
Tx: for hemophilia A
|
FFP
DDAVP cryoprecipitate |
|
|
Less frequent than hemophilia A
Christmas disease |
Hemophilia B
|
|
|
Congenital, autosomal dominant
Nasal,vaginal,Gi,sinus,hemarthroses bleeding dec'd factor viii |
Vonwillebrands disease
Tx: FFP,DDAVP,cryoprecipitate |
|
|
Common aquired coagulopathy
Malnutrion/malabsorption NL bleeding time |
Vit k deficiency
|
|
|
Labs for platelets
|
count
bleeding time |
|
|
Labs for coagulation
|
PT,aPTT,TT,fibrinogen
|
|
|
Labs for fibrinolysis
|
euglobin lysis time
|
|
|
Labs for clot degradation
|
D-dimer,FDPs
|
