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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is climate? |
• The long term behaviour of the weather in bounded area, usually averages over decades or centuries |
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What is weather? |
• The short term, fluctuating behaviour of precipitation, cloud cover, temperature and wind, usually over timescales less than a year |
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What are some factors affecting climate? |
• Latitude • Proximity to water (continental vs. coastal) • Elevation • Precipitation • Ocean currents |
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What kind of climate does the Pacific region have and why? |
• Marine climate influenced by the Pacific Ocean |
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What is a marine climate? |
• Warm summers and cool winters • Seasonal variation in temperature with a wetter winter season, and is dominated by a type of precipitation known as orographic - Due to the lifting of moist air over a mountain barrier |
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What does the higher elevation of the Pacific Cordillera cause? |
• The average temperature to be lower, with higher levels of precipitation on the leeward side of the mountains |
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What kind of climate does The Prairies have? |
• Continental climate |
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What is a continental climate? |
• Hot summers and cold winters • Polar and tropical air current convergence, and precipitation patterns decrease east to west |
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What kind of climates due the southern-most parts of Quebec and Ontario feature? |
• Humid, continental climate |
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What produce a moderating effect on the winter temperatures in Southern Quebec/Ontario? |
• The Great Lakes |
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The Carolinian Forest encompasses ____% of Canada's area, yet holds ___% of Canada's biodiversity |
• .25% • 33% |
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Where is the Carolinian forest located? |
• It is a sub area of Great Lakes/St. Lawrence Lowlands |
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Why does the Carolinian forest get it's nickname Canada's "Deep South"? |
• It has the warmest average annual temperature in Canada, as well as the longest frost free season |
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How much of Canada's population are located in the Carolinian forest? |
• Nearly half in the industrial heartland |
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What kind of climate does the Atlantic have? |
• Maritime climate |
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What is a Maritime climate? |
• Cool winters and warm summers |
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What is the Atlantic's climate influenced by? |
• This region is influenced by ocean currents, with warm water from the Caribbean brought north by the Gulf Stream, and cold water brought south by the Labrador current |
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Why does the Arctic experience very cold temperatures throughout the year? |
• Due to its high latitude |
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What is the mean annual temperature of the Arctic? |
• -20 |
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What else is caused by the Arctic's high latitude? |
• Experiences total darkness during the winter and 100 percent sunlight in the summer |
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What is Canada's largest climate region? |
• The Subarctic |
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What does the Subarctic region experience? |
• Cold winters, with a high temperature range from winter to summer |
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What is anthropocene? |
• A new geologic era deeming the arrival of humans and the permanent geologic mark left on earth - Prominent since the Industrial Revolution in the 1800s |
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What is global warming? |
• Term for the rising trend in temperature most likely causes by the recent influx of greenhouse gases |
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What is climate change? |
• Anthropromorphic induced or natural causes of changing climate patterns |
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How might Canada benefit directly/physically from climate change? |
• It will free up a lot of land for agriculture and economic activities • Make the near and far north more habitable due to rising temperatures |
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What is the major downside of climate change in Canada? |
• Massive released of potent greenhouse gases from the permafrost in the Canadian North |
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What are 8 possible impacts of climate change other than increasing temperatures? |
• Warming temperatures will cause permafrost to thaw and move northward - Releasing potent greenhouse gases • Boreal treeline will also move northward, drastically changing the ecosystems of the near and far north • Canadian coasts will flood in the coming centuries due to melting glaciers • Melting glaciers will free up the Arctic Northwest passage - Important shipping route • Infrastructure damage due to melting permafrost, shifting biomes and weather patterns • Ecological change and species regime shift due to warming climate - Introduced more pest species which can affect agriculture and logging • Increased capacity for mining, agricultural activities due to melting permafrost and glaciers • Increased immigration of 'environmental refugees' |
