Client Centered Issues

Front 1

Academic honesty

Back 1

-principles of veracity and integrity are core to academic honesty and to ethical treatment of research data

Front 2

Plagarism

Back 2

taking anothers ideas or work and presenting as own

Front 3

Cheating

Back 3

refers to dishonesty and deception regarding examinations, projects, or papers

Front 4

Forgery

Back 4

fraud or intentional misrepresentation

Front 5

Nuremburg Code

Back 5

developed as a set of principles for the ethical conduct of research against which the experiments in the concentration camps could be judged

Front 6

Belmont Report

Back 6

set forth codes to serve as the basis for policies developed by the United States National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Front 7

Beneficence

Back 7

-implies the right to protection from the harm and discomfort, including a balance between the benefits and risks of a study
-studies need to be developed to protect participants from physical, mental, emotional, spiritual, economic, and social harm
-if the risks of research outweigh the benefits, the study needs to be redesigned or discontinued

Front 8

Respect for Human Dignity

Back 8

-implies that a person's participation is voluntary and free from coercion of any type
-coercion includes threat of harm or penalty for not participating in the research

Front 9

Full Disclosure

Back 9

requires that the potential participant be fully informed of:
-the nature of the study
-the anticipated risks and benefits
-the time commitment
-what is expected
-the right to refuse

Front 10

Justice

Back 10

-includes the rights to privacy and fair treatment
-participants determine when, where, and what kind of info is shared, with the assurance this info is kept in confidence
-confidentiality is maintained by not using personal identification on forms
-right to fair treatment requires that participants receive equitable treatment in the selection process, during the study, and after the completion of the study

Front 11

Informed Consent

Back 11

-written consent must be obtained from the participants in a research study
-participants must be given opportunities to receive clarification and additional info when needed
-The Code of Federal Regulations provides elements that need to be included in informed consent

Front 12

Vulnerable populations

Back 12

-physically, mentally, emotionally disabled
-children or elderly
-dying or sedated or unconscious
-institutionalized or incarcerated
-pregnant women
-fetuses
*Researchers must take extra steps to assure these populations' rights are protected when used in research studies

Front 13

More that protection of human rights

Back 13

characteristics of ethical research that go beyond the protection of human rights include:
-scientific objectivity
-cooperation
-nobility
-integrity and trustfulness
-impeccability
-illumination
-equitability
-courage

Front 14

Nursing role in protection of human rights

Back 14

-nurses are held to standards of professional practice of ethical research when conducting research
-when there is a question of potential to a patient involved in a research study, the nurse's advocacy role and therapeutic imperative takes precedence over the integrity of the research protocol

Front 15

Ethical Treatment of Data

Back 15

-implies integrity of research protocols and honesty in reporting findings
-data, whether supportive or against the researcher's hypothesis, must be given equal weight and analysis in order for the finding to be considered authentic and faithful