Clicker Quizzes

Front 1

In general, in a sample of n individuals, the frequency of an allele is

Back 1

The number of occurrences of the allele divided by twice the number of individuals in the sample (2n)

Front 2

At a genetic level, evolution is

Back 2

A change in the frequency of an allele or genotype over time

Front 3

A differential success of alleles is called_______.

Back 3

Selection

Front 4

Natural Selection that increases the frequency of a favorable allele is called

Back 4

Positive Selection

Front 5

The non adaptive mechanism of of evolutionary changes are

Back 5

Migration, Mutation, and Genetic Drift

Front 6

When you use a field guide to identify a species by its appearance, you are applying the

Back 6

Morphospecies concept

Front 7

A population that exhibits only one allele at a particular gene is said to be _________ for that allele

Back 7

Fixed

Front 8

A hypothetical endangered species of
wildflower has been reduced to a single small
population in a mountain meadow. A rare early
spring blizzard kills all but 3 of the remaining
plants, one of which has a rare mutation.
This is an example of:

Back 8

Genetic drift/Bottleneck.

Front 9

For species determination of asexual
organisms, it is useful to use:

Back 9

Ecological Species Concept and the Evolutionary species concept.

Front 10

Unlike the biological species concept,
the morphospecies concept relies on

Back 10

Phenotype

Front 11

The Biological species concept cannot be applied to

Back 11

A. extinct organisms.
B. asexual organisms such as bacteria.
C. polymorphic species.
D. extinct and asexual organisms

Front 12

Two populations are the same species if they can successfully breed with each other. (true or false)

Back 12

True

Front 13

You are studying reproduction in a species of frog. Two gametes that are diploid join to
form a viable zygote. If the F1 mates with one of the parents will there be viable offspring?

Back 13

NO

Front 14

Two individuals are members of the
same species if:

Back 14

They can produce fertile offspring.

Front 15

Horses and donkeys can interbreed, but their offspring (mules) are infertile. This is an
example of what kind of reproductive isolating mechanism?

Back 15

post-zygotic, genetic separation

Front 16

_____ is the process in which two groups
of organisms living in the same habitat

Back 16

sympatric speciation

Front 17

_____ is the process by which diverging
populations undergo natural selection in favor
of enhanced pre-zygotic isolation.

Back 17

Reinforcement

Front 18

Several species of fireflies are active on the same summer nights in the same fields. Males
and females recognize one another by their distinctive flashing patterns. This is an example of
what kind of reproductive isolation?

Back 18

Pre-zygotic, Behavioral isolation

Front 19

Which of the following characteristics of
development is unique to animals?

Back 19

Changes in cell position

Front 20

2. The major evolutionary split of bilaterian
animals was based on_____.

Back 20

Developmental Patterns

Front 21

The advantages of the amniotic egg includes
A. relatively short development times.

Back 21

the ability to resist desiccation in dry terrestrial
habitats.

Front 22

true coelom arises between layers of:

Back 22

Mesoderm only

Front 23

Comparative embryology helped clarify the relationships among major groups of animals.
The bilaterians, for example, can be divided into the _____ based on the developmental
fate of the blastopore.

Back 23

protostomes and deuterostomes

Front 24

A close evolutionary relationship between annelids and mollusks is suggested by the
presence of a _____ in both phyla as well as by molecular sequence comparisons.

Back 24

Trocophore

Front 25

Cnidarians are able to capture prey with the
aid of _____, harpoon-like organelles that are
often tipped with neurotoxins.

Back 25

Cnidocyte

Front 26

Diploblastic organisms lack which germ
layer?

Back 26

Mesoderm

Front 27

Bilaterians develop specialized organs because they have:

Back 27

Three Germ Layers

Front 28

Cnidarians form true epithelial tissue

Back 28

True

Front 29

_____, such as sea squirts, share
features of the chordate body plan
during early development.

Back 29

Tunicates

Front 30

The ____, which includes the sharks, skates, and rays,
are unique in possessing skeletons made of _____.

Back 30

Chondrichthyes; cartilage

Front 31

Macroscopic fossils of organisms
thought to be animals first appeared in
rocks deposited around _____ million

Back 31

542 Million Years Ago

Front 32

The _____, which include lobsters and crabs,
have _____ legs and, in the ocean, fill many of the
ecological roles filled by insects on land.

Back 32

Crustaceans; branched

Front 33

Within insects, the main evolutionary dividing line is between those that

Back 33

Undergo full metamorphosis and those that don’t.

Front 34

The water-to-land transition was achieved through a series of significant morphological and
physiological changes. Which of the following did not contribute to the transition?

Back 34

The evolution of jaws for better prey capture and feeding.

Front 35

The Deuterostomia include

Back 35

Chordates

Front 36

The most diverse group of
arthropods is the

Back 36

Insects

Front 37

The Ecdysozoa include

Back 37

Arthropods

Front 38

Insects exchange gasses through pores called _____, which connect to an internal system
of tubes called _____, which are in turn connected to respiring tissues.

Back 38

spiracles; tracheae

Front 39

Hominins are defined as:

Back 39

members of species in the lineage
leading to humans.

Front 40

Which is a major trend in the evolution of modern
humans?

Back 40

A. body size increase
B. cranium size increase
C. opposable thumb complexity increase

Front 41

3. Approximately what percentage of
modern human mtDNA is Neanderthal
derived?

Back 41

0%

Front 42

Our ancestors were bipedal by at least
_________ million years ago, as evidenced by the
Lucy skeleton

Back 42

3.2

Front 43

Denaturing hybrid double-helixes is used to compare evolutionary relatedness.
Complementary strands denature at 95 degrees. Some hybrid strands tested denature at 93
degrees. What does this mean?

Back 43

They are less complementary

Front 44

Approximately 85% of human genetic variation
occurs between individuals within a population (e.g.,
Swedes), whereas ________ occurs between races.

Back 44

Much less variation

Front 45

Neonaty is the acquisition of sexual
maturity in an otherwise _______ state

Back 45

Juvenile

Front 46

'Displays’ are patterns of behavior that:

Back 46

Are species specific, are highly
repeatable, and function as signals.

Front 47

Male Australian bowerbirds build and decorate
elaborate structures, called bowers, out of
grasses and other vegetation. If we want to
understand how this behavior promotes a male
bowerbird’s ability to survive and reproduce, we
want to understand its:

Back 47

adaptive function

Front 48

Which of the following best describes the genetic basis of behavior?

Back 48

Most behaviors are influenced by many genes, and a few behaviors are strongly influenced by
a single gene.

Front 49

When allele frequencies change because of
genetic drift,_____.

Back 49

The effect of drift on average fitness is not
predictable

Front 50

“An individual with a novel adaptation has evolved that
adaptation.” This statement is

Back 50

False

Front 51

A biologist doing a long-term study on a wild spider
population observes increased variation in silk
thickness. Which of the following could the spider
population be experiencing?

Back 51

Disruptive Selection

Front 52

In which taxonomic group do whales
belong?

Back 52

A. Chordata
B. Cetacea
C. Mammalia

Front 53

The protostome developmental sequence arose just once in evolutionary history, resulting in two main subgroups: Lophotrochozoa and Ecdysozoa. What does this finding suggest?

Back 53

Division of these two groups occurred after the
protostome developmental sequence appeared.

Front 54

The common ancestor of the protostomes had a coelom. What does this
suggest?

Back 54

The body cavity evolved before the lophophore.

Front 55

The major evolutionary split of protostome animals
was based on _____.

Back 55

way that the organism grows

Front 56

Which adaptation is unique to insects
among all protostomes?

Back 56

The ability to move by flying

Front 57

Which one of these groups does not
molt?

A. Crustaceans
B. Arthropods
C. Mollusks
D. Chelicerata
E. Nematoda

Back 57

Mollusks

Front 58

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder in homozygous recessive humans. It typically causes death in the early 30s. Over time we would expect the allele frequency to _________for
this trait.

A. Remain the same
B. Increase
C. Decrease
D. Fluctuate randomly
E. Drive disruptive selection

Back 58

Remain the same

Front 59

Two plants are crossed, resulting in offspring with a 3:1 ratio for a particular trait. What does this suggest?

Back 59

That the parents were both heterozygous for a single trait

Front 60

Which of the following statements best describes
theories?

A) They are nearly the same things as hypotheses.
B) They are supported by, and make sense of, many
observations.
C) They cannot be tested because the described events
occurred only once.
D) They are predictions of future events.

Back 60

They are supported by, and make sense of, many
observations.

Front 61

Why does recombination between linked genes
continue to occur?

Back 61

New allele combinations are acted upon by natural selection.

Front 62

In the formula for determining a population’s genotype
frequencies, the pq in the term 2pq is necessary
because

Back 62

Heterozygotes have two alleles.

Front 63

If two modern organisms are distantly related in an
evolutionary sense, then one should expect that

Back 63

They should share fewer homologous structures than
two more closely related organisms.

Front 64

Which of the following factors would not contribute to
allopatric speciation?

Back 64

Gene flow between the two populations is extensive.

Front 65

The “realized niche” of Canadian geese depends on which of the following?

a. interspecific competition between Canadian
geese and other birds
b. competitive exclusion of Canadian geese by
other organisms
c. the distribution of Canadian geese parasites
d. the climate of a given environment
e. All of the above.

Back 65

All of the above

Front 66

The presence of amino acid– producing bacteria in the bodies of aphids is an example of:

Back 66

obligate mutualism.

Front 67

In what biome would you expect to find the greatest diversity of insects?

Back 67

Rain Forest

Front 68

As a population approaches its
carrying capacity, its growth rate:

Back 68

Decreases

Front 69

Only density-dependent factors impact
population growth.

Back 69

False

Front 70

A population that has a high mortality
early in the life cycle would have a
____________ survivorship curve.

Back 70

Type III

Front 71

Humans are considered:

a. r-strategists.
b. K-strategists .
c. non-strategists.

Back 71

K-Strategist

Front 72

Which of the following are forms of
asexual reproduction?

a. budding
b. fragmentation
c. parthenogenesis
d. All of the above.

Back 72

All of the above

Front 73

Meiosis is a form of cell division that:

Back 73

halves the chromosome number.

Front 74

Which is not an advantage of
asexual reproduction?

a. does not involve finding a mate
b. allows rapid reproduction and population
increases
c. increases genetic diversity within the population
d. can occur despite low population density

Back 74

increases genetic diversity within the population