Cleb07 - Hent (No Eye)

Front 1

primary or secondary headaches are dangerous?

Back 1

secondary. Primary headaches have no identifi-able underlying cause. Secondaryheadaches arise from other conditions—some of these mayendanger the patient’s life.

Front 2

two most important attributes of a headache?

Back 2

severity and chronologic pattern

Front 3

If headache is severe and of sud-den onset, consider which two conditions?

Back 3

subarachnoid hemorrhage or meningitis.

Front 4

which two types of headaches are episodic and tend to peak over several hours. New and persisting, progressively severe headaches raise concerns of tumor, abscess, or mass lesion.

Back 4

Migraine and tension

Front 5

uni or bilateral headaches in migrain and cluster?

Back 5

unilateral

Front 6

Tension headaches often arise in the ____ areas

Back 6

temporal

Front 7

cluster headaches may arise in which region?

Back 7

retro-orbital

Front 8

___ and ___ are common with migraine but also occur with brain tumors and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Back 8

Nausea and vomiting

Front 9

what percent of peeps with migraines have a prodrome?

Back 9

60-70

Front 10

prior to a migraine, ____ % experience an aura, including photophobia, scintillating scotomata, or reversible visual andsensory symptoms.

Back 10

20 percent

Front 11

Such maneuvers may increase pain from what two conditions?

Back 11

brain tumor and acute sinusitis.

Front 12

In patients with chronic daily headache taking symptomatic medications more than 2 days a week, what should you consider?

Back 12

Consider medication overuse

Front 13

family history may be positive for persons with which type of headache?

Back 13

migraine

Front 14

Hearing loss may also be congenital,from ___ gene mutations.

Back 14

single

Front 15

Try to distinguish between two basic types of hearing impairment, which are?

Back 15

conductive loss, which results from problems in the external or middle ear, and sensorineural loss, from problems in the inner ear, the cochlear nerve, or itscentral connections in the brain.

Front 16

what does conductive hearing loss result from?

Back 16

from problems in the external or middle ear

Front 17

what does sensorineural hearing loss result from?

Back 17

rom problems in the inner ear, the cochlear nerve, or itscentral connections in the brain

Front 18

noisy environments may help in what type of hearing loss?

Back 18

conductive

Front 19

name 5 medications that can affect hearing?

Back 19

aminoglycosides, aspirin,NSAIDs, quinine, furosemide

Front 20

earache w/o an associated respiratory system points to what condition?

Back 20

otitis externa

Front 21

what is Meniere disease?

Back 21

hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo resulting from nonsuppurative disease of the labyrinth with edema

Front 22

tinnitus, hearing loss, vertigo suggests what disease?

Back 22

Meniere's

Front 23

cranial nerve possibly affected in vertigo?

Back 23

CN VIII

Front 24

how is dizzy in the legs different from true vertigo?

Back 24

it might be a cardiovascular issue, rather than an actual verstibular CN VIII issue.

Front 25

in looking at rhinnorhea, itching points to what cause?

Back 25

allergies

Front 26

what is rhinitis medicamentosa?

Back 26

excessive use of decongestants worsening symptoms

Front 27

what 3/4 symptoms are involved in acute bacterial sinusitis?

Back 27

1. URI 2. pain on bending / painful sinuses / maxillary toothache 3. fever 4. headache

Front 28

four drugs causing stuffiness?

Back 28

Oral contraceptives, reserpine,guanethidine, and alcohol

Front 29

unilateral congestion indicates what 3 things?

Back 29

deviated nasal septum,foreign body, or tumor.

Front 30

definition of epistaxis

Back 30

bleeding nose

Front 31

5 causes of epistaxis?

Back 31

1. trauma (especially nose picking), 2. inflammation, 3. drying and crustingof the nasal mucosa, 4. tumors, and 5. foreign bodies.

Front 32

sore throat usually comes with what

Back 32

Acute UR symptoms

Front 33

Fever, pharyngeal exudates, and anterior lymphadenopathy, especially in the absence of cough, suggest what?

Back 33

streptococcal pharyngitis, or strep throat

Front 34

streptococcal pharyngitis, or strep throat has what symptoms?

Back 34

1) fever. 2) pahryngeal exudates 3) anterior lymphadenopathy 4) usually no cough

Front 35

what causes bleeding gums?

Back 35

gingivitis

Front 36

most likely cause of hoarseness?

Back 36

Overuse of the voice (as in cheer-ing) and acute infections

Front 37

6 Causes of chronic hoarseness include

Back 37

1. smoking, 2. allergy, 3. voice abuse, 4. hypothyroidism, 5. chronic infections such as tuberculosis, and 6. tumors.

Front 38

don’t say lymph to laymens, say what?

Back 38

lumps or glands. Bates is rude. 'because patients are more familiar with the lay terms than with “lymph nodes."'

Front 39

pharyngitis is commonly accompanied by what?

Back 39

swoll lymph nodes

Front 40

More than a ___ of adults older than 65 years have detectable hearing deficits, contributing to emotional isolation and social withdrawal.

Back 40

third

Front 41

5 groups at risk for hearing loss?

Back 41

Groups at risk are those with a 1. history of congenital or familial hear-ing loss, 2. syphilis, 3. rubella, 4. meningitis, or 5. exposure to hazardous noise levels at work or on the battlefield.

Front 42

up to ___ of all children 5 to 17 years have from one to eight cavities

Back 42

half

Front 43

heaverage U.S. adult has ___ to ____ teeth that are decayed, missing, or filled.

Back 43

10 to 17

Front 44

gingivitis prevalence

Back 44

50 percent

Front 45

periodontal disease prevalence

Back 45

80 percent

Front 46

In the United States, more than ___ of all adults older than 65 years have no teeth at all!

Back 46

half

Front 47

4 signs of periodontal disease

Back 47

(bleeding, pus,recession of the gums, and bad breath).

Front 48

oral ulcers and leukoplakia, are warning signs of what?

Back 48

warning signs for oral cancer and HIV disease

Front 49

Fine hair accompanies hyp_thyroidism. coarse hair is found with hyp_thyroidism.

Back 49

er, o

Front 50

Hirsutism (excessive facial hair)occurs in some women with what?

Back 50

polycystic ovary syndrome.

Front 51

Redness and scaling on scalp may indicate what two conditions?

Back 51

seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis

Front 52

soft lumps on the scalp may be what?

Back 52

pilar cysts, (wens)

Front 53

Enlarged skull may signify what two diseases?

Back 53

hydrocephalus or Paget’s disease of bone.

Front 54

Tenderness or step-offs are common after ____.

Back 54

trauma.

Front 55

The ear canal curves inward and is approximately __ mm long.

Back 55

24 mm

Front 56

Behind and below the ear canal is the mastoid part of the ____ bone.

Back 56

temporal

Front 57

The lowest portion of this bone, the mastoid process, is palpable behind the lobule.

Back 57

temporal

Front 58

In a normal person, air conduction is MORE/LESS sensitive than bone conduction.

Back 58

more

Front 59

Movement of the auricle and tragus (the “tug test”) is painful in what condition?

Back 59

acute otitis externa

Front 60

Tenderness behind the ear may be present in otitis ____.

Back 60

media.

Front 61

Is otitis media bothered by the tug test?

Back 61

no.

Front 62

what are nonmalignant overgrowths, which may obscure the drum.

Back 62

exostoses. Nontender nodular swellings covered by normal skin deep in the earcanals.

Front 63

In acute otitis externa, the canal is often what 3 or 4 things?

Back 63

1 swollen, narrowed, 2 moist, 3 pale, and 4 tender. It may be 3 reddened.

Front 64

In ____ otitis externa, the skin ofthe canal is often thickened, red,and itchy.

Back 64

chronic

Front 65

An unusually prominent shortprocess and a prominent handle that looks more horizontal suggest a _______ drum.

Back 65

retracted

Front 66

what three conditions may reduce mobility of the TM?

Back 66

A 1. serous effusion, a 2. thickened drum, or 3. purulent otitis media

Front 67

range of human speech?

Back 67

300 to 3000 Hz

Front 68

two tuning forks mentioned in bates?

Back 68

512 1024 (lower than this leads to overestimation and over vibration through bone conduction)

Front 69

In unilateral conductive hearing loss, sound is heard in (lateralized to) the good/bad ear.

Back 69

bad

Front 70

In unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, sound is heard in (lateralized to) the good/bad ear.

Back 70

good

Front 71

testing for lateralization is aka which test?

Back 71

Weber

Front 72

The rinne test compares what?

Back 72

AC and BC

Front 73

is AC normally > BC?

Back 73

yes

Front 74

is AC or BC greater in sensorineural hearing loss?

Back 74

AC > BC

Front 75

is AC or BC greater in conductive hearing loss?

Back 75

BC = or > AC

Front 76

The nasolacrimal duct drains into which meatus? This is below which turbinate?

Back 76

inferior for both

Front 77

into the middle meatus drain most of the ____ sinuses. Their openings are not usually visible.

Back 77

paranasal

Front 78

which sinuses are readily accessible to clinical examination?

Back 78

frontal/maxillary

Front 79

Tenderness of the nasal tip or alae suggests local infection such as a what?.

Back 79

furuncle.

Front 80

deviation of the lower septum suggests what?

Back 80

nothing normal.

Front 81

In ___ rhinitis the mucosa is reddened and swollen; in _____ rhinitis it may be pale, bluish, or red.

Back 81

viral, allergic

Front 82

Causes of septal perforation include what three things?

Back 82

1. trauma, 2. surgery, and 3. the intranasal use of cocaine or amphetamines.

Front 83

Local tenderness to frontal and max sinuses, together with symptoms such as pain, fever, and nasal discharge, suggest what?

Back 83

acute sinusitis

Front 84

acute sinusitis comes with what four pieces?

Back 84

1. Local tenderness to frontal and max sinuses, 2. pain, 3. fever, and 4. nasal discharge

Front 85

what does a missing tonsil in an adult indicate?

Back 85

nothing normal.

Front 86

stensons's duct is a what?

Back 86

parotid duct

Front 87

whartons' duct is a what?

Back 87

submandibular duct underneath the tongue

Front 88

stensons' duct appears behind which tooth?

Back 88

2nd molar

Front 89

denture sore mouth comes with what two pieces?

Back 89

ulcers or papillary granulation tissue

Front 90

the gums have a black line in which condition?

Back 90

lead poisoning

Front 91

asymmetric protrusion of the tongue is what CN?

Back 91

CN XII

Front 92

mouth cancer is more common on the lip or tongue?

Back 92

lip

Front 93

tongue cancer most common on side or base?

Back 93

side

Front 94

in CN __ paralysis the soft palate fails to rise and the uvula deviates to the opposite side.

Back 94

X

Front 95

in CN X paralysis the soft palate fails to rise and the uvula deviates to the ____ side.

Back 95

opposite side of lesion

Front 96

boundaries of the anterior triangle

Back 96

the mandible above, the sternomastoid laterally, and the midline of the neck medially

Front 97

boundaries of the posterior triangle

Back 97

the sternomastoid muscle, the trapezius, and the clavicle.

Front 98

in the post triangle, Note that a portion of the ____ muscle crosses the lower portion of this triangle and can be mistaken for a lymph node or mass.

Back 98

omohyoid

Front 99

which vessel passes over the SCM?

Back 99

ext jugular

Front 100

Enlargement of a supraclavicular node, especially on the right/left, suggests possible metastasis from a thoracic or an abdominal malignancy.

Back 100

left

Front 101

inflammation vs malignancy in a node is what difference?

Back 101

tenderness vs hardness respectively

Front 102

Diffuse lymphadenopathy raises the suspicion of what?

Back 102

HIV or AIDS.

Front 103

what is a general termfor an enlarged thyroid gland.

Back 103

goiter

Front 104

If the thyroid gland is enlarged, what should you do next?

Back 104

listen over the lateral lobes with a stethoscope to detect a bruit, (as in hyperthyroidism)

Front 105

consistency of thyroid in Graves’ disease?

Back 105

soft

Front 106

consistency of thyroid in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis/malignancy?

Back 106

firm