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225 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Amoxicillin
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Penicillin;
Extended Spectrum |
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Dicloxacillin
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Anti-Infective-Penicillin
Best absorbed of oral antistaphylococcus' |
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Penicillin G Procaine
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Anti-Infective-Penicillin
Oral used for mild-moderate infections w/penicillin resistant organisms; parenterally used for severe |
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Penicillin V
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Anti-Infective-Penicillin
Long-acting Moderate-Severe bacterial infect. |
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Ticarcillin
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Anti-Infective-Penicillin
Antipseudomonas activity; bacterial septicemia |
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Cefadroxil (Duricef)
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1st generation Cephalosporin; skin infections
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Cefdinir (Omincef)
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Treats influenzae & staph infections-Cephalosporin
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Cefepime (Maxipime)
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3rd generation cephalosporin
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Cefotaxime (Claforan)
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3rd generation cephalosporin; extended spectrum
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Cefoxitin (Mefoxin)
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2nd generation cephalosporin
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Cefuroxime Axetil (Ceftin)
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2nd generation cephalosporin; tonsillitis, UTI, otitis media
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Cephalexin (Biocef, Keflex)
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1st generation cephalosporin; skin infections
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Doxycycline (Doryx)
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Long duration Tetracycline; some STD's, malaria prophylaxis
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Minocycline (Minocin)
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Broad spectrum including acne, carriers or meningococci, gonorrhea; tetracycline
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Tetracycline (Sumycin)
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causes tooth decay in children; tetracycline
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Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
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Broad spectrum fluoroquinolones; UTI's, sinusitis, bone infection
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Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
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pneumonia, UTI; Fluoroquinolone
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Amikacin (Amikin)
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Aminoglycoside; pseudomonas, bacterial septicemia
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Gentamicin (Garamycin)
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eye infections; aminoglycosides
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Neomycin (NeoTabs)
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bowel prep; Aminoglycoside
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Tobramycin (Nebcin)
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eye infections; Aminoglycosides
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Azithromycin (Zithromax)
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community acquired pneumonia & STD's; Macrolide
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Clarithromycin (Biaxin)
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chronic bronchitis, sinusitis, pneumonia; macrolide
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Erythromycin (Erythrocin)
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GI distress; macrolide
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Co-Trimoxazole (Septra, Bactrim)
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Combo of 2 sulfa drugs; UTI and otitis media
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Nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin)
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urinary antiseptic
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Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
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ulcerative colitis & causes lack of sperm; sulfonamide
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Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
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can cause lack of sperm cells; sulfonamide
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Amphotericin B (Fungizone)
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parenteral antifungal
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Fluconazole (Diflucan)
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broad-spectrum antifungal; yeast infection
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Itraconzaole (Sporanox)
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histomplasmosis; antifungal
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Ketoconazole (Nizoral)
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antifungal
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Miconazole (Monistat)
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severe systemic fungal infection
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Nystatin (Mycostatin)
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thrush; antifungal
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Acyclovir (Zovirax)
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herpes simplex type I & II and shingles; antiviral
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Amantadine (Symmetrel)
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Antiviral; influenza, respiratory tract
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Valacyclovir (Valtrex)
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Shingles; antiviral
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Zidovudine (AZT, Retrovir)
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antiviral; HIV infections
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Chloramphenicol
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broad spectrum antibiotic
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Chloroquine Phosphate (Aralen)
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antimalarial, amebicide, antirheumatoid
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Clindamycin (Cleocin)
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gram + infections
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Isoniazid (INH)
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TB infections
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Mebendazole (Vermox)
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treats roundworm, pin and whipworm
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Metronidazole (Flagyl)
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treats trichomoniasis
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Polymyxin B sulfate
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acute eye infections
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Quinine sulfate
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antimalarial; low dose for night leg cramps
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rifampin (rifadin)
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TB; prophylactic for h. influenzae meningitis exposure
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vancomycin (vancocin)
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resistant staph infections for penicillin resistant pt's
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dexpanthenol (panthoderm)
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soothing skin agent; relieves itching & irritations
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glycerin
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soothing agent; moisturizer
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lanolin
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purified sheep's wool fat; soothing agent
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urea
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promotes hydration; soothing agent
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vitamin a & d ointment
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relieves minor burns, irritation; soothing agent
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zinc oxide ointment
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relieves burns, abrasions, and diaper rash; soothing agent
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capsaicin (capsin)
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arthritis relief; dermatologic pain relief
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burow's solution
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astringent (drying agent) for poison ivy, insect bites; pain releiving dermatologic agent
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codeine
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narcotic agonist analgesic & antitussive; can be combined with aspirin & acetaminaphen (Tylenol 3)
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fentanyl (Duragesic)
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induction of anesthesia; narcotic agonist analgesic
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hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
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5 x's stronger than morphine but shorter acting; narcotic agonist analgesic
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levorphanol (levo-dromoran)
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moderate-severe pain; narcotic agonist analgesic
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meperidine (demerol)
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no-anti-tussive action; narcotic agonist analgesic
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morphine
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severe pain; narcotic agonist analgesic
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oxycodone (oxycontin)
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combined w/aspirin (percodan), acetaminophen (percocet); narcotic agonist analgesic
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naloxone (narcan)
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antidote for narcotic overdose; narcotic antagonist
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acetaminophen (Tylenol)
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antipyretic, antiinflammatory, antirheumatic; NSAID
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acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
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antipyretic, NSAID, antiinflammatory, low dose to prevent stroke
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celecoxib (celebrex)
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NSAID, osteoarthritis
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diclofenac (cataflam)
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NSAID, arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis
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ibuprofen (motrin)
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NSAID, antipyretic
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indomethacin (indocin)
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NSAID, arthritis
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naproxen (nasprosyn)
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NSAID
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tramadol (ultram)
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no respiratory depressant effects; moderate-severe pain; non-narcotic analgesic
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amobarbital (amytal)
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hypnotic; barbituate
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pentobarbital (nembutal)
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short acting hypnotic; can be used as anesthetic; barbituate
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phenobarbital (solfoton)
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long acting sedative; used as anticonvulsant; barbituate
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secobarbital (seconal)
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short-acting barbituate; pre-anesthesia sedative
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alprazolam (xanax)
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intermediate acting benzodiazepine
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diazepam (valium)
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acute seizures, muscle spasm, anxiety, status elipticus, and alcohol detox; benzodiazepine
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flurazepam (dalmane)
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hypnotic; benzodiazepine
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lorazepam (ativan)
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intermediate-acting benzodiazepine
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temazepam (restoril)
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intermediate acting bezodiazepine for insomnia
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carbamazepine (tegretol)
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mixed seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, pain from trigeminal neuralgia; anticonvulsant
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magnesium sulfate
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emergencies w/pregnancy induced HTN; anticonvulsant
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clonazepam (klonopin)
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seizures, panic attacks, and generalized anxiety; anticonvulsant
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phenytoin (dilantin)
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aniconvulsant treats tonic clonic & psychomotor seizures
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buspirone (buspar)
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anxiety disorders; antidepressant; other CNS category
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carbidopa (levodopa)
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antiparkinsonism agent
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cyclobenzaprine (flexeril)
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muscle relaxant
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dantrolene sodium (dantrium)
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skeletal muscle relaxant; cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, & malignant hyperthermia
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dextroamphetamine (dexedrine)
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adult narcolepsy; children's ADHD
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eszopiclone (lunesta)
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sleep aid
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meprobamate (equanil, miltown)
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antianxiety & sedative w/muscle relaxing properties
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methocarbomol (robaxin)
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muscle relaxant
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methylphenidate (ritalin)
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adult narcolepsy; children's ADHD
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remelteon (rozerem)
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melatonin receptor agonist; insomnia w/difficulty falling asleep
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sumatriptan (imitrex)
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severe migraine headaches
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zolpidem (ambien)
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sleep aid; minimal next day residual effects
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digoxin (lanoxin)
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cardiotonic
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bretylium tosylate (bretylol)
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antiarrythmic; give slowly in non-er situations
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disopyramide (norpace)
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antiarrhythmic; depressed contractility of heart
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lidocaine (xylocaine)
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acts primarily on ventricles; antiarrhythmic
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procainamide (pronestyl, procan)
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arthritis-like side effects; antiarrhythmic
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propranolol (inderal)
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decreased conduction, contractility, & automaticity of heart; antiarrhythmic
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quinidine sulfate
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GI upset common; antiarrhythmic
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verapamil (calan, isoptin)
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calcium channel blocker: antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive, & vasodilator; depresses phase 4 of depolarization of heart
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dobutamine (dobutrex)
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less increase in HR & arrhythmias than other drugs; vasoconstrcitor
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dopamine (intropin)
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resultant increased cardiac output & renal blood flow; vasoconstrictor
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epinephrine (adrenalin hcl)
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used in anaphylaxis & as hemostat (stop bleeding); vasoconstrictor & bronchodilator
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isoproterenol (isuprel)
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cardiac contractility stimulated; increased HR & cardiac output; vasoconstrictor
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levarterenol, norepinephrine (levophed)
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restored BP in in acute hypotension; vasoconstrictor
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metaraminol (aramine)
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increased BP but HR usuallu decreased; may use as infusion; vasoconstrictor
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amyl nitrate
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acute angina; risk for abuse; antianginal
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cyclandelate (cyclospasmol)
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action on smooth muscle to relax blood vessels; vasodilator
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isosorbide mononitrate (Ismo, Imdur)
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antianginal
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minoxidil (loniten)
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vasodilator; side effect is unusual hair growth
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nitroglycerin (nitrostat)
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drug of choice for angina; rapid action, short duration; antianginal
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nitroglycerin ointment (Nitro-Bid, Nitro)
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prophylactic use, excess may cause headache; antianginal
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nitroglycerin transdermal (nitro-dur, transderm nitro)
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patch applied once/day; antianginal
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atenolol (tenormin)
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acts mostly on the heart; used alone or w/diuretics; antihypertensive-beta blocker
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candesartan cilexetil (atacand)
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angiotensin II receptor blocker, treats HTN; antihypertensive
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captopril (capoten)
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ACE inhibitor, combined w/thiazide diuretics to lower BP, also used for heart failure; antihypertensive
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eprosartan mesylate (teveten)
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angiotensin II receptor blocker, may be combined w/diuretics or calcium channel blockers; antihypertensive
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irbesartan (avapro)
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angiotensin II receptor blocker, treats HTN & diabetic neuropathy
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labetolol (normodyne)
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beta blocker, lowered peripheral resistance w/direct action on heart; antihypertensive
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lisinopril (prinivil, zestril)
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ace inhibitor, blockade of angiotensin which causes vasodilation, used in HTN as adjunct in CHF
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losartan (cozaar)
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angiotensin II receptor blocker, treats HTN & diabetic neuropathy & reduces stroke risk; antihypertensive
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methyldopa (aldomet)
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drowsiness & can develop positive coombs test after long term use; antihypertensive
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metoprolol (lopressor)
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beta blocker antihypertensive, action mostly on the heart; antihypertensive
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nadolol (corgard)
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beta blocker antihypertensive; contraindicated for ashmatic pt's
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nitroprusside sodium (nitropress)
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hypertensive crisis (immediate lowering of BP) & cyanide toxicity w/overdose
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prazosin (minipress)
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adrenergic blocker, causes reduced peripheral vascular resistance (possible syncope & postural hypot. w/1st dose
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propranolol (inderal)
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beta blocker, arrhythmias, angina, migraine, & stage fright
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valsartan (diovan)
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angiotensin II receptor blocker, treats HTN & heart failure for clients unable to take ACE inhibitors
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benzonatate (tessalon)
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anesthesizes receptors in respiratory tract (reduces cough reflex); antitussive
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dextromethorphan (delsym, DM cough)
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said to be as effective as codeine for cough; antitussive
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diphenhydromine (benylin, benadryl)
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antihistamine w/antitussive properties; causes drowsiness
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hydrocodone (hycomine, hycodan)
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schedule III narcotic; depresses cough reflex center in medulla, antitussive
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guaifenesin (robitussin)
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widely used but w/some doubt to clinical eficacy; thins mucus; expectorant
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albuterol (proventil, ventolin)
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most selective bronchodilator available
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epinephrine bitartrate (primatene)
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for temporary use only; bronchodilator)
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levalbuterol (xopenex)
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treats or prevents bronchospasm; vials require protection from light; bronchodilator
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metaproterenol (alupent)
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rapid-action when taking by INH; bronchodilator
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salmeterol (serevent)
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long term maintenance of asthma & prevents bronchospasm; not for acute attacks; bronchodilator
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chlorpheniramine (chlor-trimeton)
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antihistamine
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fexofenadine (allegra)
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seasonal allergies; antihistamine
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loratidine (claritin)
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allergic rhinitis & urticaria; take on empty stomach; antihistamine
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promethazine (phenergan)
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sedative action; post-op nausea & vomiting, may lower seizure threshold; antihistamine
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budenoside (pulmicort)
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maintenance of asthma & prophylactic in kids 12 mos-8yrs; corticosteroid
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flunisolide (nasalide, nasarel)
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seasonal or perennial rhinitis; corticosteroid
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fluticasone (flovent, flovent diskus)
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less effects than systemic steroids, use 5 min after bronchodilator, prevention only; corticosteroid
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mometasone (nasonex)
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long acting steroid, seasonal rhinitis; corticosteroid
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triamcinolone (aristocort)
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treats asthma; corticosteroid
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triamcinolone acetonide (azmacort, flutex, nasacort)
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same as fluticasone (flovent); corticosteroid
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chlorpheniramine (chlor-trimeton)
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antihistamine
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fexofenadine (allegra)
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seasonal allergies; antihistamine
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loratidine (claritin)
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allergic rhinitis & urticaria; take on empty stomach; antihistamine
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promethazine (phenergan)
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sedative action; post-op nausea & vomiting, may lower seizure threshold; antihistamine
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budenoside (pulmicort)
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maintenance of asthma & prophylactic in kids 12 mos-8yrs; corticosteroid
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flunisolide (nasalide, nasarel)
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seasonal or perennial rhinitis; corticosteroid
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fluticasone (flovent, flovent diskus)
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less effects than systemic steroids, use 5 min after bronchodilator, prevention only; corticosteroid
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mometasone (nasonex)
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long acting steroid, seasonal rhinitis; corticosteroid
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triamcinolone (aristocort)
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treats asthma; corticosteroid
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triamcinolone acetonide (azmacort, flutex, nasacort)
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same as fluticasone (flovent); corticosteroid
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chlorpheniramine (chlor-trimeton)
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antihistamine
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fexofenadine (allegra)
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seasonal allergies; antihistamine
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loratidine (claritin)
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allergic rhinitis & urticaria; take on empty stomach; antihistamine
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promethazine (phenergan)
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sedative action; post-op nausea & vomiting, may lower seizure threshold; antihistamine
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budenoside (pulmicort)
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maintenance of asthma & prophylactic in kids 12 mos-8yrs; corticosteroid
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flunisolide (nasalide, nasarel)
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seasonal or perennial rhinitis; corticosteroid
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fluticasone (flovent, flovent diskus)
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less effects than systemic steroids, use 5 min after bronchodilator, prevention only; corticosteroid
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mometasone (nasonex)
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long acting steroid, seasonal rhinitis; corticosteroid
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triamcinolone (aristocort)
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treats asthma; corticosteroid
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triamcinolone acetonide (azmacort, flutex, nasacort)
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same as fluticasone (flovent); corticosteroid
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oxymetazoline (afrin)
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longer duration & less rebound congestion than w/others; decongestant
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phenylphrine hcl (neo-synephrine)
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contained in may OTC preparations; decongestant
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pseudoephedrine (sudafed)
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avoid in pt's w/HTN; decongestant
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cromolyn sodium (intal)
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antiasthmatic, antiallergic, & mast cell stabilizer; prophylaxis for bronchial asthma
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montelukast (singulair)
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chronic asthma & prophylaxis in pt's 2yrs & older
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zafirlukast (accolate)
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decreases daytime asthma; not for acute attacks
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aluminum hydroxide (amphojel)
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may have constipating effect & impair absorption of other drugs; antacid
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aluminum-magnesium hydroxide (Maalox, Mylanta)
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less constipating; antacid
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calcium carbonate (titralac, tums)
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high dose may cause hypercalcemia; antacid
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magnesium hydroxide-calcium carbonate (rolaids)
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may provide calcium; antacid
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dimenhydrinate (dramamine, dimetabs)
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antihistamine: for nausea, vertigo, & motion sickness; antiemetic
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meclizine (antivert, bonine)
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prevents & treats nausea & vomiting associated w/motion sickness; treats Meniere's disease; aniemetic
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metoclopramide (reglan)
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GI stimulant w/antiemetic properties; primarily w/cancer chemotherapy
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ondansetron (zofran)
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prevents nausea & vomiting with cancer chemo & radiation therapy
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prochlorperazine (compazine)
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for post-op nausea & vomiting ; chemo & radiation therapy
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scopolamine hydrobromide (transderm-scop)
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motion sickness & relieves spasticity; used pre-op to reduce secretions; antiemetic
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dicyclomine (bentyl)
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slowing of hypermotility of bowel; antispasmodic
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glycopyrrolate (robinul)
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peptic ulcer therapy, reduces secretions during anesthesia
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propantheline (pro-banthine)
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peptic ulcer therapy; antisecretory & antospasmodic
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bisacodyl (dulcolax)
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not to be taken within same hour as antacid, bowel stimulant; cathartic
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castor oil (neoloid)
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stimulant laxative, prep for bowel xray exam; action 2-6hrs; cathartic
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docusate & casanthranol (peri-colace)
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cathartic, combined w/stool softener
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glycerin (fleet babylax, sani-supp)
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hyperosmolar agent (adds fluid to feces to soften & cause bm); cathartic
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lactulose (cephulac, enulose)
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hyperosmolar (adds fluid to feces to soften & cause bm)
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magnesium hydroxide (MOM)
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saline laxative
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polycarbophil (fibercon, konsyl fiber)
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bulk-forming laxative
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polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution (colyte, golytely)
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bulk-forming laxative; bowel cleansing pre-GI exam; not to be used w/bowel obstruction
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psyllium (metamucil, hydrocil)
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bulk-forming laxative
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sodium phosphate (fleet phospho-soda)
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used as bowel prep & fecal impaction ; contraindicated in cardiac disorders
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senna (black-draught, ex-lax, senokot)
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stimulant laxative
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mineral oil (MO, milkinol)
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emollient that lubricates intestinal mucosa; stool softener
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docusate (colace, surfak)
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fecal softener
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bismuth subsalicylate (pepto-bismol)
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traveler's diarrhea, indegestion, nausea, gas; antidiarrhea
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diphenoxylate w/atropine (lomotil)
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subject for abuse; traveler's diarrhea; antidiarrhea
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kaolin-pectin mixture (kaopectate)
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diarrhea, absorbs excess fluid & reduces intestional inflammation; antidiarrhea
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loperamide (imodium)
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traveler's diarrhea & may be combined w/other drugs; antidiarrhea
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chenodiol (chenix)
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dissolves gallstones, only for clients w/poor surgical risk
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esomeprazole mg (nexium)
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inhibits gastric secretion; gastric reflux, esophagitis
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lansoprazole (prevacid)
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suppresses gastric acid secretion; duodenal ulcer, gastric reflux
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omeprazole (prilosec)
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proton pump inhibitor; gastric ulcer, reflex
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rantidine (zantac)
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histamine 2-antagonist; inhibits gastric secretions mediated by histamine
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simethicone (mylicon)
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defoaming agent hat relieves excess gas
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sucralfate (carafate)
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ulcer; forms a protctive barrier at ulcer site to protect against acid
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bethanechol (myotonachol)
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stimulates bladder contraction
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bumetanide (bumex)
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loop diuretic; inhibits reabsorption of sodium & chloride in loop of henly in kidney
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chlorothiazide (diuril, diurigen)
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1st thiazide diuretic, increases potassium excretion; also used in HTN
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furosemide (Lasix)
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potassium wasting loop diuretic
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hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)
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initial drug for HTN treatment; diuretuc
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indapamide (lozol)
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CHF, diabetes inspidus, HTN, diabetes mellitus; thiazide diuretic
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mannitol (osmitrol, resectisol)
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osmotic diuretic, rapidly excreted
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spironolactone (aldactone)
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often combined w/HCTZ (as aldactazide); potassium sparing, used in HTN; diuretic
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triamterene (dyrenium)
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often combined w/HCTZ (as dyazide); mild-potassium sparing diuretic
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