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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the definitions of homology and analogy
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Homology - when characteristics shared by animals are derived due to common ancestry
Analogy (convergent evolution) - when characteristics shared have evolved due to function rather then common ancestry |
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What is artificial classification?
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When characteristics are based on function not evolution. I.e- the wings on a bat vs the wings on a bird
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What is natural classification?
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Based on characteristics that are derived from a common ancestor. I.e - all animals with feathers
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List the classifcation system from Kingdom to species
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kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
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What is the major goal of systematics (classification)
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to create a phylogeny that links the evolution that relates to all organisms
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What is the definition of Pleisomorphy
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characteristics are shared by all members of a group but give no indication of shared ancestry
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what is the definition of Anamorphic
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that the taxon is different to other taxons
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what is the definition of a polyphyletic group
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all members have decended from a most-recent common ancestor, but not all descendants of that ancestor are included in the group
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What constructing a phylogeny, how do you creat a Phenetic group and a cladistic group
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phenetic - group organisms together by overall similarity not ancestral background
cladistic - group organisms according to shared, DERIVED features (synapomorphies) |
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how do we obtain information for cladograms (classification)
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comparatice cytology (cell biology), comparative morphology (and embryology) and DNA/protein sequences
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what are the 5 kingdoms of life
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Monera (prokaryotic bacteria)
Protist (eukaryotic, single-celled) Fungi Plantae Animalia |
