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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is systematics? |
The branch of biology that deals with classification and nomenclature; taxonomy. |
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What is a taxon? |
A taxonomic group of any rank, such as a species, family, or class. |
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Who is Carl Linneaus and what did he do? |
He is also known as Carl von Linné or Carolus Linnaeus, is often called the Father of Taxonomy. His system for naming, ranking, and classifying organisms is still in wide use today (with many changes). |
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What is nomenclature? |
The devising or choosing of names for things, especially in a science or other discipline. |
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What is the order of taxonomic categories? |
There are seven main taxonomic ranks: kingdom, phylum or division, class, order family genus species |
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What is the standard for naming new species? |
a formal description of a newly discovered species, usually in the form of a scientific paper. Its purpose is to give a clear description of a new species of organism and explain how it differs from species which have been described previously, or are related |
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What is binomial nomenclature? |
The system of nomenclature in which two terms are used to denote a species of living organism, the first one indicating the genus and the second the specific epithet. |
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How is binomial nomenclature written? What language? |
A formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages. |
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What does polyphyletic mean? |
of a group of organisms) derived from more than one common evolutionary ancestor or ancestral group and therefore not suitable for placing in the same taxon. |
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How many Domains are there? |
There are 3 domains, the first two are all prokaryotic microorganisms, or single-celled organisms whose cells have no nucleus. |
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What eukaryotic organisms are single celled and have their own kingdom? |
Kingdom is the highest rank used in the biological taxonomy of all organisms. There are 6 kingdoms in taxonomy. Every living thing comes under one of these 6 kingdoms. The six kingdoms are Eubacteria, Archae, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia |
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What eukaryotic organisms are autotrophic and have their own kingdom? |
Eukaryotes represent a domain of life, but within this domain there are multiple kingdoms. |
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What physical characteristics of cells separate plant and animal cells? |
This feature was lost in the distant past by the single-celled organisms that gave rise to the kingdom Animalia |
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What is evolutionary systematics? |
A way to determine natural relationships of organisms by studying a group in detail and comparing degree of similarity. |
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What does homology mean? |
Similarity in sequence of a protein or nucleic acid between organisms of the same or different species. |
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What does phylogeny mean? |
The branch of biology that deals with phylogenesis. |
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Draw a sketch of the fox from the PPT that indicated anatomical direction. Ex. Ventral,Dorasal ect. |
Therefore, each species belongs to a genus, each genus belongs to a family, each family belongs to an order, etc.From largest to smallest, these groups are:KingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpecies |
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What is a dichotomous key and what is it used for? |
A tool that allows the user to determine the identity of items in the natural world, such as trees, wildflowers, mammals, reptiles, rocks, and fish. Keys consist of a series of choices that lead the user to the correct name of a given item. "Dichotomous" means "divided into two parts". |
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What is a cladogram and what is it used for? |
A branching treelike diagram used to illustrate evolutionary (phylogenetic) relationships among organisms. Each node, or point of divergence, has two branching lines of descendance, indicating evolutionary divergence from a common ancestor. |
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Describe the two methods used to classify animals, physical characteristics/genetics. |
On discovering an unknown organism, researchers begin their classification by looking for anatomical features that appear to have the same function as those found on other species. The next step is determining whether or not the similarities are due to an independent evolutionary development or to descent from a common ancestor. If the latter is the case, then the two species are probably closely related and should be classified into the same or near biological categories. Human arm bones (common bird,mammal, andreptile forelimbconfiguration) drawing of the bones in a human arm--humerus in the upper arm; radius and ulna in the lower arm |
