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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Classification |
The act of arranging organisms into groups based on their similarities and differences |
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What are the eight taxonomic groups used in classification? |
Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species |
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What five kingdoms can organisms be placed in? |
Prokaryotae Protoctista Fungi Plantae Animalia |
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Features of prokaryotae |
Prokaryotic Unicellular (single-celled) No nucleus Less than 5μm |
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Features of protoctista |
Eukaryotic cells Usually live in water Single-celled or simple multicellular organisms |
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Features of fungi |
Eukaryotic Chitin cell wall Saprotrophic (absorb substances from dead of decaying organisms) |
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Features of plantae |
Eukaryotic Multicellular Cell walls made of cellulose Can photosynthesise Contain chlorophyll Autotrophic (produce their own food) |
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Features of animalia |
Eukaryotic Multicellular No cell walls Heterotrophic (consume plants and animals) |
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Binomial Naming System |
The first part of the name is the genus name and has a capital letter the second part is the species name and has a lower case letter |
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Phylogeny |
The study of the evolutionary history of groups of organisms All organisms have evolved from shared common ancestors Phylogeny tells us who's related to whom and how closely related they are Closely related species diverged away from each other most recently |
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What type of evidence did classification systems used to use? What types of evidence are classification systems based on? |
Used to use: Observable features Now use: Molecular evidence Embryological evidence Anatomical evidence Behavioural evidence |
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Five kingdoms vs three domains |
In the three domain system organisms with cells that contain a nucleus are placed in the domain Eukarya Organisms that were in the kingdom Prokaryotae are seperated into two domains - Archawa and Bacteria The three domain system was proposed because of new evidence, mainly molecular, e.g the prokaryotae were reclassified into two domains because new evidence showed large differences between the Archaea and Bacteria |
