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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Taxonomy
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Scientists classify organisms and assign each organism a universally accepted name
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Binomial Nomenclature
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a two-word naming system for naming species
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Genus
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a group of closely related species
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Taxon
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Taxonomic categories
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Family
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Group of genera that share many characteristics
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Order
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Group of similar families
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Class
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Group of similar orders
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Phylum
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group of closely related classes
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Kingdom
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Large taxonomic group, consisting of closely related phyla
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Phylogeny
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the study of evolutionary relationships among organisms
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Evolutionary Classification
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Method of grouping organisms together according to their evolutionary history
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Derived Character
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Characteristic that appears in recent parts of lineage, but not in its older members
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Cladogram
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Diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms
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Molecular Clock
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Model that uses DNA comparisons to estimate the length of time that two species have been evolving independently
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Domain
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Most inclusive taxonomic category; larger than a kingdom
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Bacteria
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Domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls containing peptidoglycans
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Eubacteria
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Kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls are made up of peptidoglycan
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Archaea
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Domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls that do not contain peptidoglycan
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Archaeabacteria
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Kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan
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Eukarya
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Domain of all organisms whose cells have nuclei, including protists, plants, fungi, and animals
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Protista
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Kingdom composed of eukaryotes that are not classified as fungi, plants, or animals
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Fungi
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Kingdom composed of heterotrophs; many obtain energy and nutrients from dead organic matter
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Plantae
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Kingdom of multicellular photosynthetic autotrophs that have cell walls containing cellulose
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Animalia
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Kingdom of multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs whose cells do not have cell walls
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