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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Archilochus
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"Shipwreck": a poem about revenge; he is glad that this person is almost dead. "And let me be there to watch; for he did me wrong and set his heel on our good faith, he who had once been my friend"
"Loss of Shield": This is based on a Spartan story in which a mother told her son that he must come back from war either with his shield or on it (you must com back with glory, or dont come back at all) "Stand Fast": "Soul, soul, torn by perplexity..a measured motion governs man". The theme of this poem is "everything in moderation", which is a very common expression among the greeks "Boredom": "What breaks me young friend is tasteless desire". Tasteless desire= lust without love |
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Alcman
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"Night": "The hills have fallen asleep"=personification
"Old Age": The man wishes he were young again because he has lost the vibrancy and vigor of young age. |
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Anacreon
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"Old Age": Rhyming. "Sweet Youth no more will tarry". A depressing depiction of old age
"On the fortunes of Artemon": A poem about a man who used to be an abused slave and now he is wealthy and free. It is a poem all about a change of fortune |
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Alcaeus
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"Winter": Poet claims that in order to survive the winter, one must drink wine
"Summer": Claims that women are open and welcoming (sexually) in the summertime. He also claims that you should drink the summertime too. Dog-Star=Syrius "Helen of Troy" |
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SAPPHO
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"Forgotten": This is a damning poem to a rival poet. Sappho claims because the poets poetry was bad, they will not be remembered and they will die. The purpose of poetry is to be remembered and therefore, become immortal
"An Absent Friend": A woman is gone, and the woman Sappho talks about is beautiful ("Surpassing them, as hwen day dies The rosey-fingered moon excels") "Love"* The most famous poems among Greeks and Romans. Sappho is looking at a girl sitting with a man, and Sappho is experiencing a tremendous feeling of passion towards the girl (She is having an orgasmic experience). The poem explains this orgasm as a type of mini-death. "Desire": Sappho talks about desire as a feeling you cannot fulfill. It is a creeping thing, and bittersweet. I can do nothing to resist" "The Orchard": Nature has an effect on Sappho. "Lulls every sense" |
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Simonides
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"The Precariousness of Prosperity": You cannot count on anything being the same tomorrow.
"The Tragedy of War:" |
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Ibycus
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"Love Knows no Winter Sleep": A poem about unrequited love. "Kypris (aphrodite) mutilates my heart with black and baleful love" (Unfulfilled love)
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Xenophanes
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"The Nature of the Gods": People create the image of gods after their own image so that they can relate to them
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Theognis
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"Dangers of a young wife": Be careful if you are old and have a younger wife because she will leave and/or cheat"
"Poverty" "Gloom" |
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Pindar (One of the greatest Lyric poets)
He wrote poems for the winners in athletic games. His poems often include some myth |
"For Aristomenes of Aegina, Champion boy wrestler in the Pythian games": "Mans life is a day. What is he? What is he not? A shadow in a dream Is man: but when God sheds a brightness, Shining life is on earth and life is sweet as honey". This poem talks about how glory is fleeting, but sweet when you win in the games (but only for a short while)
"For King Hiero of Syracuse, Winner of the Horse Race at Olympia": "The Poet Gives Immortality: This poem is about the power of literature to memorialize a person. "Even high deeds of bravery have a great darkness if they lack song". Pindar claims that we would know nothing about Odysseus if it weren't for Homer because Homer's poetry immortalized Odysseus "The Elysian Fields": Opposite of Elysian fields= Hell |
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Praxilla
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"Pleasures": She claims if she died, she would miss the pleasures of cucumbers, pears and apples. Very odd
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Ariphron
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"In praise of Health": According to Ariphron, you cannot enjoy anything in life without health. "Health, best of the Blessed Ones to men, may I dwell with you for the rest of my days....without you no man is happy"
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Anonymous
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"Loneliness"
"Do Get up Quickly": Woman is speaking to her lover. She wants him to leave b.c she doenst want to get caught by her husband |
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Book 5
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Sweet Nymph and Open Sea
-Odysses is stuck on Calypso's Island. Hermes tells Calypso to let him go. He sails off and is caught in a storm and a sea nymph helps him. He lands a sleeps on the island of Skheria-the Island of the Phaeacians |
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Book 6
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The Princess at the River
-Athena appears to the Phaeacian princess Nausicaa in a dream and tells her to go to the river. There she encounters Odysseus (both are naked). Odysseus uses his cunning to get Nausicaa to help him. She falls in love with him (Athena makes him beautiful) and she tells him how to go into the palace and talk to Arete, the queen of the Phaeacians. |
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Book 7
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Gardens and Firelight
-Athena appears to Odysseus in disguise. She shrouds him in a protective mist that will guide him to the palace. When he gets to the palace, he notices a grand festival celebrating Poseidon. The the king thinks Odysseus might be some sort of god. Odysseus calms the kings fears (without telling him who he is) and they agree to see him off the next day. The queen is suspicious because she notices that Odysseus clothes are Nausicaa's. Odysseus tells her of his journey from Calypso's island to Skheria. Odysseus claims that it was his idea to come alone to the palace (so as to absolve Nausicaa from being punished for not being hospitable). The king, Alkinoos, offers Odysseus Nausicaa's hand in marriage |
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Book 8
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The Songs of the Harper
-The blind bard, named Demodokos sings three different songs: 1st about Odysseus' fight with Achilles, 2nd about Aphrodite and Ares (having an affair) and the 3rd about Troy and the Trojan horse. The king Alkinoos holds games at his palace in honor of his guest. A blind bard sings about the fight between Odysseus and Achilles at Troy, and Odysseus weeps over the painful memories. Odysseus competes in the games and succeeds. Odysseus says goodbye to Nausicaa in a similar fashion as Aeneas says to Dido |
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Book 9
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New Coasts and Poseidon's Son
-Odysseus finally tells Alkinoos (the king of the Phaeacians) his identity and then tells him the story of his travels. First he tells about the Lotus Flowers and then about his encounter with the Cyclops (Polyphemus). |
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Book 10
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The Grace of the Witch
-Still telling his story. Odysseus tells about how the men opened the bag of wind, which blew them back to Aeolous, who refuses to help them again. They sail to the island of the Laistrygonians (like the Cyclops) who pelt them with rocks. They saild to the island of Aiaia, where Circe is located. "Low she sang in her beguiling voice, while on her loom she wove ambrosial fabric.."Same phrase used to describe Calypso (formulaic pattern). Hermes gives Odysseus Molu, which helps him stave off Circe's magical drink. Circe tells him how he must go into the underworld to seek Teiresias. She helps him |
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Book 11
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A Gathering of Shades
-The dead people at the hole where the sacrifice takes place will come up and talk to Odysseus, he will not actually go into the underworld. People he sees: Elpenor, Teiresias (who tells Odysseus how he should get home, and then predicts his death), his mother (he tries to embrace her three times), Jocasta (Oedipus' mother), Phaidra, Prokris, Ariadne, Agamemnon (in which Agamemnon tells the story of his death; again repeating this story and warns Odysseus about unfaithful wive) He sees Achilles, who says "Better, I say to break sod as a farm hand for some poor country man, on iron rations, than lord it over all the exhuasted dead" He claims it is better to be alive than anything else -He sees Tantalos (who can never eat or drink), Sisyphos (rolling rock up hill). and Herakles (who brought Cerebus back from the underworld) Ultimately, Odysseus gets frightened by the swarming shades and leaves the sacrifice hole |
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Book 12
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Sea Perils and Defeat
-Goes back to the island of Circe, she tells him how to get by the Sirenes and that he will have to face Skylla and Kharybdis -The Sirens song is a mental attraction suited to Odysseus who is a man of intellect. They tempt him by offering him knowledge about troy and the future. This episode represents the possible loss of will for Odysseus--it is the one adventure he could have died on. There are 2 sirenes. -They get past Skylla and Khaarybdis, and land on the Island of the Sun, where both Circe and Teiresias forbade him to eat the cattle of Helios. When Odysseus falls asleep (into the realm of the unconcious) the men, who are starving, kill and eat the cattle. |
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Book 22
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Death in the Great Hall
-After Odysseus kills all the suitors he tries to purify the great hall. He has finally recreated his heroic self. Just as he fought the Trojans in Troy, so has he fought the suitors |
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Book 23
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The Trunk of the Olive Tree
-Oysseus must convince Penelope that he is really Odysseus. The sign Penelope uses to ensure that he is really Odysseus: Their bed which was built around an olive tree. Odysseus tells the story of how he made that bed. Penelope is both cautious and clever--the perfect mate for Odysseus, she is his female counterpart. -Odysseus and Penelope spend the night together, but he must go to a different land where the people dont know the sea and plant an oar (this is what Teiresias told him to do) ad he is to make a sacrifice to Poseidon. |
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Book 24
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Warriors, Farewell
-Odysseus visits Laertes in disguise, but finally reveals himself. Another epiphany occurs and Laertes is made to look young and strong again -Odysseus makes peace with the family of the suitors he killed. Athena reigns supreme and so does peace in Ithica. Odysseus' quest for identity: profoundly connected to the feminine. Scholars call Odysseus one of the wholest men in literature (he has come to terms with the unconcious, and that is why he is whole) He is the integrated man. |
