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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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name and explain the sexual positions |
lioness - doggy equestrian - cow girl reverse equestrian - reverse cowgirl |
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what female body type was most desirable to men? |
small breast large ass and hips
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Priathus |
God who has a constant erection and huge dong two penis' symbolize needing luck to walk out of a brothel without an infection
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What is deemed the most popular place to visit in Pompeii |
Brothel |
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what was the purpose of the fancy paintings inside the brothels? |
meant to convey luxury and high status and how wonderful love making is - not an actual depiction of the current brothel their in |
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What are some toys children played with? and where were they most likely discovered? |
babies - bells and rattles toddlers - dolls, small utensils, furniture young boys - toy animals, marbles, toy chariots and horses balls and hoops child mortality was high most of these toys were pulled out of their graves |
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what did adolescents do with their toys upon maturity? |
dedicated to a god or goddess |
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duodecim scripta |
twelve lines: 30 pieces + dice |
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ludus latrunculorum |
robbers: game pieces (light and dark glass - could be bone or ivory as well) object was to take opponents pieces
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who plays board games? |
both sexes but more predominantly women (physical past times were more suitable to men) not highly regarded by intellectuals - pure relaxation |
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Tali |
knucklebones each piece has 4 different sides 1: plain side - canis (1 pt) 2: convex side (3 puts) 3: concave side (4 pts) 4: the twisted side (6 pts) called out numbers ahead of time - took skill because they don't land on sides in equal frequencies thrown in sets of 4 combination of yahtzee and roulette
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highest and lowest throws in knucklebones were? |
venus throw - all sixes
all dogs - all ones |
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Tesserae |
dice 6 sided cubes - made of ivory wood or bone bronze dice boxes used to shake dice 3 dice used to make the highest possible throw custom to invoke name of a lover or deity for goodluck - frenzy during the Roman Empire
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gambling |
cut across social boundaries and age boundaries privately, in taverns, some taverns had separate rooms for dicing people gambled on gladiatorial combat (presumably) and chariot racing remained illegal except during Saturnalia civil offense
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Lex Alearia
Lex Talaria |
law passed to stop gambling : 204 BCE
law passed to stop gambling :1st century BCE never seriously enforced not enough man power
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pros and cons of proprietors of gaming establishments and gaming in general |
people buy drinks - brings in money
couldn't bring forth charges for assault damage or theft
gambling losses were irrecoverable - loaded dice have been found |
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was gambling a threat to rome? moralists view |
nobleman needed to show temperantia when gambling - shows greed and an unnatural desire for profit if you're gambling every night
a gambler had no temperantia - madness (addiction) Ideally a man gambled intelligently and morally |
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which emperors played dice excessively? |
Bad emperors play dice immoderately (Calligula, Commodus) |
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licentia |
lower class leisure : dicing
elites thought of poor gambling as idleness, stupidity and superstition
did gambling compensate the poor for the lack of control over their own lives |
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reasons poor gambled? |
emotional excitement pass the time diversion from poverty and unemployment intellectual stimulation |
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Roman Balls |
small and large ball: a leather case stuffed with hair or feathers - pila or harpastum follis - air filled not spectator sports pick up games thad castle - no teams no know much about da rules
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sphaeresterion |
ball court some were fancy and warmed by the hypocaust system |
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why did the romans adopt ball games? |
way of keeping fit for the wealthy/scholars good players had skill endurance and good eye sight
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why did romans have early dinner? |
wealthy people had dinner parties didn't wanna get jumped on way home |
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explain the difference between rich and poor meals? |
poor - porridge (main meal), beans, discarded part of meats
rich - exotic spices, fancy apps and desserts, meat |
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describe some problems with roman food |
preservation of food rich sauces covered rotten meat meat was boiled |
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Garum/ liquamen
how did they make it? |
sauce made of fish innards
fish were salted and placed in sun for three months putrefy fish or dissolving salt? very popular - garum factories all over empire |
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describe some produce romans ate |
cabbage, leeks, lettuce, onions, garlic, mushrooms, plums, quinces, pomegranates, strawberries, cherries no citrus fruits (lemon tomatoe oranges) pine nuts, almonds, walnuts, hazelnuts
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where did most people get their bread? |
make it at home, then take it to a communal and have them bake it for a fee bake at home buy from communal wealthy would have a baker on staff or hire one for the day |
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why did romans slaughter cows? |
not for eating sacrifice
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Describe roman wine |
varying qualities wealthy would spice or add honey or herbs to wine wine stored in amphorae but didn't keep well (most 3 - 4 years) mixed water with wine because they drank all day and dilutes dirty water |
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what did romans call a person who drank wine straight? |
alcoholic |
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drinking beer and milk was a sign of ... |
uncivilized milk was only used to feed young |
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luxury food items |
fresh fish some villa owners had private fish ponds pike caught between two bridges - fat n juicy -> only found in tiber river where fish feeds on waste peacocks, dormice, snails, boar |
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who had kitchens, what were they like? |
most people unless really poor small kitchens not well equipped or ventilated earth floor with cesspit/ latrine located away from dining room |
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cooking vessel in poor homes/wealthy? |
brazzier - little metal table build fire then cook oven + hearth neither had forks often ate with hands amphorae held wine, oil, grain slaves did the cookin |
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triclinium |
dining room - very large and elaborately decorated some people had more than one three couches - each holds three guests eat in reclined position poor ate at a table women reclined with men mosaic, fresco, fountains or pools, cushions and colours for couches |
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Fancy dinner parties were accompanied with? |
flowers, perfumes, silver and gold dinner services
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Dinner etiquette |
only take small amounts of food and remain clean, toss refuse onto floor for slave staff to clean up, skeletal imagery while they ate as they followed the philosophy: carpe diem |
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name the roman meal parts? |
gustatio (apps: eggs, raw veggies, fish)
prima mensa (main meal) cooked meats and veggies, cheese and bread
secunda mensa (dessert) fruit, nuts, pastries |
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what was entertainment for dinner parties? |
music, dance, poetry, juggling
no commercial sex
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Over the top dinners fantastic dinners held by emperors or fictional characters |
roast pig served with warm sausages a pastry priapus whose apron filled with fruit false eggs made of pastry contained of roast birds |
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why was Nero's triclinium so popular? |
revolving ceiling that sprinkled the guests with flowers and perfume |
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Who frequented taverns/bars? |
no respectable women lower class
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Taverns had/served |
large amphorae set into it for food and wine
room in the back with table/chairs for lower class to sit and eat or gambling
wine and hot/cold foods (very inexpensive) |
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and what time? |
most people who weren't very wealthy
men in afternooon women in morning |
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Name the rooms of the Thermae
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Frigidarium - cold room with plunge bath
Tepidarium - warm room Caldarium - hot room with plunge bath Apodyterium - change room Other rooms - sweating rooms or massage |
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why did people go to the baths?
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bathe
gossip network politics |
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some criticisms of roman bathing
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bathing was luxurious and effehminizing
sexual indiscretion homoerotic voyeurism |
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balnae
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dark dingy baths for the poor
had to bring own lamps |
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Grandoise thermae
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built south of circus maximusbuilt 212 - 216CE
390 by 740ft |
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Sanitation of baths?
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olive oil floating in huge globs on water surface
dim and smoky from furnaces cockroaches no disinfectants many diseases in water seldomly drained and scrubbed |
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Roman Stage popularity?
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almost as important as blood sports
for all classes - even slaves |
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first stone theatre?
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Pompey builds the first germinate stone theatre - 55 BCE
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when did you see a play?
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ludi
some in religious sanctuaries triumphs funerals |
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Playwrights
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not of noble birth
sold their play to manager of company of actors paid again by editor no royalties |
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Playwright dates
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Livius Andronicus - 240 BCE first play
Naevuis - 235 BCE tragedies and comedies Ennius - 238 BCE tragedies Plautus - 184 BCE comedies Terence - 159 BCE comedies Seneca - 65 CE tragedies |
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status of actors
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slaves or freedmen infames
could rise to stardom but not great wealth no women |
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Cothurnae
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built up shoes to make actors appear taller
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Pugilatus
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boxing
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Boxing - status
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not as popular as bloodsports
boxers - infames free men - as hobbies not in an arena were part of ludi and munera |
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Casetus Knuckleduster |
roman gloves various formsroman invention to make boxing more like blood sports |
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Boxing
rules how you get paired? where do they aim? |
no weight classes
no rounds, breaks may be given by ref opponents decided by lottery chin ear top of skull - KO mouth eyes and nose - wear down Deaths 1945 - 1979 = 335 |
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Wrestling
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less popular than boxing - no blood
Luctatio three throws to win no weight classes |
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Pankration
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late gaining roman acceptance - wasn't dangerous
no biting or eye gouging - maybe no low blows KO or give up |
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Prostitutes
price? |
most likely slaves but some freedwomen
many different classes was not a crime many respectable people own brothels 2 - 16 asses high class whore might get large cash payment or gifts like clothes and place to stay |
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why be a prostitue?
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young girls lured in with prized possessions
the poor... casual prostitution tavern girls sometimes |
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Messallina
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Whore empress
gilded nipples, blonde wig |
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Pompeii Prostitution
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five callae up five below stairsmasonry bed in each cellaerotic tabella over doorclients middle to poor classno doors
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