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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Persephone's other names and historical significance of one of those names
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Kore (maiden)
Pherrephatta (tt or ss means pre-Greek) |
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Persephone's parents
her mother is goddess of ____ |
Zeus and Demeter
corn (grains) |
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Demeter's attributes
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wheat, torches, radiate crown, lotus staff, Cornucopia, Persephone
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Demeter's epithets
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goddess of good crops
goddess of goddesses (Chloe "green shoot") |
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Motifs in Persephone's story
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birth: lusty deity, sacred marriage
abduction: trickster, abduction, lusty deity, damsel in distress search: 3 motif (9 days, 9 nights), quest, shape-change, dying vegetation motif |
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Retell story of Demeter's search for Persephone
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Demeter goes to Eleusis, stands at well, is greeted by 3 princesses, introduces herself as Doso ("I shall give")
hospitality, Doso comes into castle looking radiant. The queen gives Doso job as nanny for princeling Demophon, she puts him in the fire every night to make him immortal, but is thrown out when queen sees. Demeter makes them build a temple and hold her mysteries (this is etiological for the Eleusinian mysteries). |
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How does Persephone come back from underworld?
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the gods want sacrifices and are therefore tired of people starving so they let Persephone come back, but she ate the pomegranate and so has to stay in the underworld half the year.
(dying vegetation motif) |
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Opposites in Persephone's story
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life and death
earth and underworld light and dark sky and earth (Zeus and Demeter) young and old (Demeter shape change, Hades and Persephone, Demeter and the prince) happiness and sadness (Demeter and Persephone both sad) mortal and immortal |
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In what age was the Odyssey written?
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Bronze Age
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Give all the names for Hell and tell what each means specifically
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Hades - all of hell, or the god
Erebus - gloomy Elysium - high-rent Elysian Fields - high-rent Fields of Asphodel - high-rent Tartarus - where people are punished, once meant underworld in general Isles of the Blessed - high-rent |
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Hades' epithets
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post of many
god of the dead |
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Aenaed
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more detailed about the underworld, written by the Romans
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Rivers of the underworld
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Styx = "hate"
Acheron = "woe" Lethe = "forgetfulness" Cocytus = "wailing" Phlegethon = "fire" |
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The Furies
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Erinyes, Eumenides
- 3 women who make sure certain types of murder (especially family ties) are avenged - born from blood of Uranus |
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3 Judges
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Minos
Rhadamanthus (legendary king of Crete) Aeacus (prof. wrote Heacus) (legendary king of island of Aegina, from Zeus and a river god's daughter, famous for his piety) |
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Cerberus
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3-headed dog easily distracted by a honey cake
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Charon
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ferry-man on Styx charged 1 obol
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Elpenor
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The guy who fell off the roof and Odysseus' men didn't notice or give him funeral rites. Came up first when Odysseus was trying to ask Tiresias for directions home.
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The soul of Tiresias first tells Odysseus
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that only the spirits who drink the blood can speak
(demonstrates crucial importance of language to the Greeks) |
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Who does Odysseus talk to at the opening to the underworld?
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Elpenor
Tiresias his mother Anticlea talks about the mystery of existence Agamemnon (killed by Clytemnestra) Achilles "I would rather be a slave on earth than king of all the dead" |
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Who are the people punished in the underworld?
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Orion: killed by gods who were angry that Eos loved him, slain by Artemis (Odyssey)
Ixion: tied to a wheel cause he tried to have sex with Hera (cloud instead made centaurs) Sisyphos: rolling boulder uphill for chaining Thanatos "death"; also tricked Hades into letting him back on earth cause wife didn't do funeral rites Tantalus: king who fed gods Pelops (Demeter ate the shoulder, etc.), stands in middle of a stream with fruit branches that keep disappearing every time he reaches for them (motif: feed god human meat, hubris, trickster) |
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Contrast Plato's myth of Er, the Odyssey, and Vergil's Aeneid
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Er: morality, good and bad parts (4th century BC)
Odyssey: unclear, no paradise (Bronze Age) Aeneid: very detailed, includes Elysian fields for paradise and Tartarus for hell (1st century BC) |
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Characters from Black Orpheus and who they represent
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Orpheus, Eurydice, Cerberus, Hermes (trolley station terminus=boundaries)
Mira is a maenad who killed Orpheus cause he wouldn't pay attention to her Serafina is Persephone, friend and "queen of night" Chico Boto is Hades cause he is with Persephone part of the year the janitor is Charon, taking Orpheus to the underworld the leader of the voodoo ceremony is also Hades because he leads the underworld Benedito is Apollo, oracle gave Eurydice the amulet for protection (sun kite, guitar=lyre, making sun rise) Zeca and the little girl are reincarnations of Orpheus and Eurydice, Zeca gets guitar from Benedito to take over for Orpheus (reincarnation important to Orphic religion) Blind guy at ferry is Tiresias, guides Eurydice streamers and electric wires are snakes |
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Story of Europa
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Zeus abducts Europa, princess of Tyre in Lebanon, by looking like a bull and gaining her confidence as she picks flowers in a meadow, then flew away with her when she sat on his back.
Cadmus looks for Europa but never finds her, goes on tangent (lusty deity, rape, (pregnant?), shape-change, gathering flowers, abduction, quest) |
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Story of Cadmus tangent
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Cadmus searching for his sister Europa asked oracle at Delphi: "follow the cow until it lies down and found a city there" Thebes!
Cadmus killed a serpent that guarded the spring. He sacrificed a cow to Athena who told him to sow the serpent's teeth. Cadmus served Ares for a year to atone for killing the serpent then was given Harmonia to marry (daughter of Ares and Aphrodite); they had 4 daughters: Agave, Semele, Ino, Autonoe (foundation motif) |
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Story of King Laius
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in exile he stayed with Pelops but raped the son Chrysippus and was cursed by Pelops.
Laius takes power in Thebes and marries Jocasta. He finds out from an oracle that his son will kill him, hence Oedipus story. Details: Pythia is the name of the oracle at Dephi who told Oedipus about his fate. Oedipus grew up in Corinth, killed Laius "where 3 roads meet" over a right-of-way argument Motifs: curse, 2x fate, 2x trying to avoid fate, exposure of baby, bad crossroads |
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Who are Oedipus and Jocasta's kids?
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Eteocles
Antigone Polynices Ismene |
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Who wrote Oedipus Rex?
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Sophocles
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What is the purpose of tragedy?
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catharsis
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Morgan Freeman was?
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"the messenger"
sometimes Oedipus |
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The 5 Blind Boys of Alabama were?
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collectively Oedipus
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The chorus represents?
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the people of Colonus
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Who was Antigone?
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- the woman in the rust/brick-colored dress sang more and appeared first
- the woman in the yellow dress was more vocal about speaking |
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When the people of Colonus don't want Oedipus there at the beginning, what happens to change their minds?
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man in brick suit asks "did you sin?" (represents people)
Freeman as Oedipus says "if they were prophesies, how can you blame me?" Theseus (legendary king of Athens) was an exile too and can't refuse Oedipus sanctuary |
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What did Creon say and do at Colonus?
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Creon tells Oedipus "your people are calling you" while kidnapping his daughters to cripple him
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Why is Theseus' song ironic in saying "numberless are the wonders but none so wonderful as man"?
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Creon and Polynices are not being very wonderful at that moment.
This "numberless" theme explains the duplicates of Oedipus and Antigone because there are many people with many tragedies like theirs |
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Why is it ironic that Antigone can't visit Oedipus' tomb?
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Antigone has a problem later giving Polynices funeral rites. Polynices is killed by Eteocles on the way back to Thebes.
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What is the meaning of the 5 Blind Boys sinking with the stage?
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They are in a different realm representing Oedipus in the underworld as everyone sings Hallelujah
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What ironic thing does a woman say at the end?
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"I was blind, he made me see"
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Retell the story of Pelops and Oenomaüs
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King Oenomaüs had a contest for the hand of his daughter Hippodamia. Pelops bribed Myrtilus to replace the lynchpin in the king's chariot with wax, and Pelops won the chariot race. Myrtilus cursed Pelops and his descendants as Pelops threw him into the sea instead of honoring the agreement that Myrtilus have the first night with the bride
motif: contest for hand in marriage |
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Retell the story of the sons of Pelops
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Thyestes and Atreus killed Chrysippus, Pelops' first illegitimate son, possibly with encouragement from Hippodamia.
Pelops banished Thyestes and Atreus from Pisa. Atreus claimed the throne of Mycenae, Thyestes took it and exiled Atreus; Atreus came back and took the throne, driving away Thyestes only to invite him back and feed him his sons. Thyestes curses Atreus and leaves Mycenae. |
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What happens to Thyestes after he leaves Mycenae for good?
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Thyestes sleeps with his own daughter Pelopia who gives birth to Aegistheus
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Who is Agamemnon's family?
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Atreus = dad
Menelaus = brother Clytemnestra = wife (sister to Helen) Iphigenia = eldest daughter Orestes = son Electra = daughter |
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Who was the seer at Aulis?
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Calchas
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What are the motifs in the story of Iphigenia?
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Revenge by Artemis for soldiers killing her sacred deer.
Trickery as Agamemnon told Clytemnestra that Iphigenia was to be married to a hero. Revenge by Clytemnestra for Iphigenia |
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What did Orestes do?
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Killed his mother Clytemnestra for killing Agamemnon for killing Iphigenia.
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Who was Clytemnestra fooling around with?
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Aegisthus, the son of Thyestes and his daughter Pelopia, who was carrying on the vendetta against the family of Atreus and thereby his son Agamemnon.
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