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114 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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abdominal pain
ascites hepatomegaly |
Budd-Chiari syndrome (post-hepatic venous thrombosis)
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achilles tendon xanthoma
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Familial hypercholesterolemia
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adrenal hemorrhage
hypotension DIC |
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (meningococcemia)
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arachnodactyly
lens dislocation aortic dissection hyperflexible joints |
Marfans syndrome (fibrillin defect)
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back pain
fever night sweats weight loss |
Pott's disease (vertebral tuberculosis)
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big toe extension/fanning upon plantar scrape
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Babinski's sign (upper motor neuron lesion)
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bilateral hilar adenopathy
uveitis |
sarcoidosis (noncaseating granulomas)
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blue sclera
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osteogenesis imperfecta
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bluish line on gingiva
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burton's line (lead poisoning)
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bone pain
bone enlargement arthritis |
Paget's disease of the bone (increased osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity)
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cafe au lait spots
lisch nodules (iris hamartoma) |
neurofibromatosis type I
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cafe au lait spots
lisch nodules (iris hamartoma) bilateral acoustic neuromas |
neurofibromatosis type II
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calf pseudohypertrophy
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muscular dystrophy (most commonly Duchenne's)
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cherry red spot on macula
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Tay-Sachs (gangloside accumulation) or Niemann Pick (lysosomal storage disease)
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chest pain
pericardial effusion/friction rub persistent fever following an MI |
Dressler's Syndrome (post-MI autoimmune fibrionous pericarditis)
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child uses arms to stand up from a squat
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Gower's sign = Duchenne muscular dystrophy (X-linked recessive deletion of dystrophin gene)
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child with fever develops red rash on face that spreads to body
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slapped cheeks (fifth disease caused by Parvovirus B19)
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chorea
dementia caudate degeneration |
Huntington disease (autosomal dominant CAG repeat)
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chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia
fatigue painful cramps |
McArdle's Disease (muscle phosphorylase deficiency)
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cold intolerance
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hypothyroidism
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conjugate lateral gaze palsy
horizontal diplopia |
INO
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continuous machinery heart murmur
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patent ductus arteriosus (close with indomethacin; keep open with misoprostol)
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cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition
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myxedema (hypothyroidism or Grave's Disease)
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dark purple skin/mouth nodules
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Kaposi's sarcoma (usually AIDS patients; associated with HHV-8)
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deep, labored breathing/hyperventilation
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Kussmaul breathing = diabetic ketoacidosis
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dermatitis
dementia diarrhea |
Pellagra [vitamin B3 (niacin) deficiency]
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dilated cardiomyopathy
edema polyneuropathy |
Wet beriberi [vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency]
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dog or car bite resulting in an infection
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Pasteurella multocida
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cry eyes
dry mouth arthritis |
Sjogren's syndrome (autoimmune destruction of the exocrine glands)
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dysphagia (esophageal webs)
glossitiis iron deficiency anemia |
Plummer-Vinson syndrome (may progress to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma)
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elastic skin
hypermobility of joints |
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (collagen defect)
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enlarged, hard left supraclavicular lymph node
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Virchow's node (abdominal metastasis)
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erythroderma
lymphadenopathy hepatosplenomegaly atypical T cells |
Sezary syndrome (Cutaneous T cell lymphoma) or mycosis fungoides
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facial muscle spasm upon tapping facial nerve
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Chvostek's sign = hypocalcemia
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fat
female forty fertile |
acute cholecystitis
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fever, chills, headache, myalgias all following antibiotic treatment for syphilis
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Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (rapid lysis of spirochetes resulting in toxin release)
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fever
cough conjunctivitis coryza diffuse rash |
measles (Morbillivirus)
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fever
night sweats weight loss |
B symptoms (lymphoma)
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fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis
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Peyronie's disease
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gout
mental retardation self-mutilating behavior in a boy |
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (HGPRT deficiency)
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green-yellow rings around peripheral cornea
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Kayser-Fleischer rings = copper accumulation = Wilson's disease
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hamartomatous GI polyps
hyperpigmenation of the mouth/feet/hands |
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
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hepatosplenomegaly
osteoporosis neurologic symptoms |
Gaucher's disease (glucocerebrosidase deficiency)
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hereditary nephritis
sensorineural hearing loss cataracts |
Alport's syndrome
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hypercoagulability leading to migrating DVTs and vasculitis
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Trousseau's sign (adenocarcinoma of the lungs or pancreas)
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hyperphagia
hypersexuality hyperorality hyperdocility |
Kluver-Bucy syndrome (bilateral amygdala lesion)
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hypertension
hypokalemia metabolic alkalosis |
Conn's syndrome (primary hyperaldosteronism)
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hypoxemia
polycythemia hypercapnia |
Blue bloater = chronic bronchitis (hyperplasia of mucous cells in lungs)
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indurated, nonpainful, ulcerated genital lesion
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Chancre = primary syphilis = Treponema pallidum
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infant with failure to thrive, hepatosplenomegaly, and neurodegeneration
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Niemann-Pick disease (genetic sphingomyelinase deficiency)
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infant with hypoglycemia, failure to thrive, and hepatomegaly
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Cori's disease (debranching enzyme deficiency)
also called glycogen storage disease type III |
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infant with microcephaly, rocker-bottom feet, and structural heart defects
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Edward's syndrome (trisomy 18)
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jaundice
RUQ pain fever |
Charcot's triad 2 = ascending cholangitis
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keratin pearls on a skin lesion
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squamous cell carcinoma
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large rash with bull's eye appearance
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erythema chronicum migrans from tick bite = lyme disease = Borrelia infection
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lucid interval after traumatic brain injury
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epidural hematoma
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male child with recurrent infections and no mature B cells
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Bruton's disease (X-linked agammaglobinemia)
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mucosal bleeding and prolonged bleeding time
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Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (defect in platelet aggregation due to lack of GPIIb/IIIa)
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multiple colon polyps
osteomas/soft tissue tumors impacted/supernumerary teeth |
Gardner's syndrome (genetic disorder, which predisposes to colon cancer)
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necrotizing vasculitis (lungs)
necrotizing glomerulonephritis |
Wegener's or Goodpasture's syndromes
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neonate with arm paralysis following a difficult birth
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Erb-Duchenne palsy (superior trunk, C5-C6, of brachial plexus injury
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no lactation postpardum
absent menstruation cold intolerance |
Sheehan's syndrome (pituitary infarction)
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nystagmus
intention tremor scanning speech |
Charcot triad 1 = multiple sclerosis
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oscillating slow/fast breathing
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Cheyne-Stokes respirations = central apnea in CHF or increased intracranial pressure
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painful blue fingers/toes
hemolytic anemia |
cold agglutinin disease (autoimmune hemolytic anemia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae in kids and lymphoma in adults)
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painful, pale, cold fingers/toes
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Reynaud's syndrome
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painful, raised red lesions on palms and soles
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Osler's node = infective endocarditis
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painless jaundice
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cancer of the pancreatic head obstructing the bile duct
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palpable purpura
joint pain abdominal pain (in children) |
Henoch-Schonelin purpura (IgA vasculitis affecting skin and kidneys)
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pancreatic, pituitary, and parathyroid tumors
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MEN 1 syndrome (Wermer's syndrome)
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pink complexion
dyspnea hyperventilation |
pink puffer = emphysema (centroacinar = smoking; panacinar = alpha1 antitrypsin deficiency)
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polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
precocious puberty cafe au lait spots short stature all in a young girl |
McCune Albright syndrome (mosiac G-protein signaling mutation)
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polyuria
acidosis growth failure electrolyte imbalances |
Fanconi's Syndrome (proximal tubular reabsorption defect)
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positive anterior draw test
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ACL injury
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ptosis
miosis anhidrosis |
Horner's syndrome (sympathetic chain lesion)
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pupil accommodates but does not react
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Argyll Robertson pupil - neurosyphilis
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rapidly progressive leg weakness that ascends following a GI or upper respiratory infection
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Guillian-Barre syndrome (autoimmune acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy)
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rash on palms and soles
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secondary syphilis, rocky mountain spotted fever, coxsackie virus A
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recurrent colds
unusual eczema high serum IgE |
Job's syndrome (hyper-IgE syndrome:neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality)
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red currant jelly sputum
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Klebsiella pneumoniae
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red, itchy, swollen rash of the nipple/areola
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Paget disease of the breast (represents underlying neoplasm)
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red urine in the morning
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paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
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renal cell carcinoma
hemangioblastomas angiomatosis pheochromocytoma |
von Hippel-Lindau disease
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resting tremor
rigidity akinesia postural instability |
Parkinson's disease (nigrostriatal dopamine depletion)
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restrictive cardiomyopathy
exercise intolerance cardiomegaly in juvenile form |
Pompe's disease (lysosomal glucosidase deficiency)
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retinal hemorrhages with pale centers
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Roth's spots = bacterial endocarditis
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severe jaundice in a neonate
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Crigler-Najjar syndrome (congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia)
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severe RLQ pain with rebound tenderness
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McBurney's sign (appendicitis)
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short stature
increased incidence of tumors/leukemia aplastic anemia |
Fanconi's anemia (often progresses to AML)
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single palm crease
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Simian crease = Down syndrome
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situs inversus
chronic sinusitis bronchiectasis |
Kartagener's syndrome (dynein defect affecting cilia)
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skin hyperpigmentation
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Addison's disease
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slow, progressive muscle weakness in boys
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Becker's Muscular Dystrophy (X-linked defect in dystrophin; less severe than Duchenne)
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small, irregular spots on buccal/lingual mucosa with blue white centers
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Koplik spots = measles
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small nontender, erythematous lesions on palms/soles
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Janeway lesions = infective endocarditis
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smooth, flat, moist white lesions on genitals
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Condylomata lata = secondary syphilis
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splinter hemorrhages in fingernails
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bacterial endocarditis
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strawberry tongue
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scarlet fever, Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndrome
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streak ovaries
congenital heart disease horseshoe kidney |
Turner's syndrome (XO, short stature, webbed neck, lymphedema)
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sudden swollen/painful big toe
tophi |
gout/podagra
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swollen gums
mucous bleeding poor wound healing spot on skin |
Scurvy (vitamin C deficiency; can't hydroxylate proline/lysine for collagen synthesis)
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swollen, hard, painful finger joints
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osteoarthritis (Bouchard's nodules = osteophytes on PIP; Heberden's nodules = osteophytes on DIP)
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systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-decrescendo)
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aortic valve stenosis
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thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal tumors (pheochromocytoma)
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MEN 2 (Sipple's syndrome)
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Ulcerated painful genital lesions with exudate
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Chancroid = Haemophilus ducreyi
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unilateral facial drooping
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Bell's palsy (lower motor neuron CN VII lesion)
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urethritis
conjunctivitis arthritis |
Reiter's syndrome (reactive arthritis associated with HLA-B27); can see, can pee, can climb a tree
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vascular birthmark (port wine stain)
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Hemangioma (associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome)
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vasculitis from exposure to endotoxin causing glomerular thrombosis
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Shwartzman reaction (follows second exposure to endotoxin)
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vomiting blood following esophagogastric lacerations
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Mallory-Weiss syndrome (alcoholics and eating disorders)
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waxy casts with very low urine flow
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chronic end stage renal disease
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WBC casts in the urine
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acute pyelonephritis
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weight loss
diarrhea arthritis fever adenopathy |
Whipple's disease (Tropheryma whippelii infection of the intestine)
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worst headache of my life
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subarachnoid hemorrhage; most common cause is a ruptured berry aneurysm which is associated with adult polycystic kidney disease
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